Variations in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy over time: a serial cross-sectional study in five West African countries.

Objectives: This study aims to identify the factors influencing vaccine hesitancy, willingness and its variation over time in order to inform more responsive strategies for increasing vaccination uptake. The specific objectives are: (1) to describe and compare levels of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the general population in rural and urban settings in West Africa over time and (2) to identify factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination willingness and hesitancy among the general population across five West African countries over time.

Design: Following a baseline survey (Wave I), three serial cross-sectional surveys (Waves II-IV) were implemented.

[Coverage, mapping and barriers to complete vaccination for age among children under 5 years in 2021: case of Adjara-Hounvè and Ahouicodji villages in southern Benin].

Background: Vaccination is a protective measure against infectious diseases and remains one of the best investments in public health. Some African countries are still struggling to reach the required child immunization coverage. Several factors are responsible for limiting immunization coverage.

La pratique contraceptive moderne chez les adolescentes au Bénin: Tendances, déterminants et perspectives / Modern contraceptive use among adolescents in Benin: trends, determinants and prospects.

RésuméLa pratique contraceptive moderne augmente lentement parmi les jeunes générations au Bénin. La présente étude analyse les tendances, les déterminants du recours aux contraceptifs et leurs mécanismes d'actions chez les adolescentes. Les approches socio-écologique et intersectionnelle ont été adoptées, avec une méthode d'étude mixte portant sur les adolescentes de 15 à 19 ans sexuellement actives et non enceintes.

Burden of and risk factors for sexual violence among women with and without disabilities in two sub-Saharan African countries.

Background: Available data suggest that women with disabilities have an increased risk of sexual violence, but little is known about the situation of those women living in resource-limited settings.

Objectives: To assess the burden and examine the drivers of sexual violence among women with disabilities.

Methods: This is a pooled analysis of two population-based surveys conducted in Cameroon and Burundi.

Evaluation of a youth-led participatory action research to address adolescent sexual and reproductive health and rights issues in Senegal.

Participatory approaches are increasingly popular in public health, but remain little used to address adolescent health issues. However, adolescent participation in research has enormous potential for identifying solutions to health issues that concern them. In Senegal, a youth-led participatory action research (YPAR) project was implemented in four communities where teams of adolescents were trained to conduct a research project and identify solutions to address adolescent sexual and reproductive health and rights (ASRHR) issues.

[Living the aging in Senegal Perceptions/representations and coping strategies of persons of age three: results of investigations retrospective].

In Senegal, due to the young age of the population (60%) the concerns of the old tend to be put in the background. And yet, problems related to old age are a reality. These problems come up not in terms of demography (the old represent only 4.

WHO guidelines for antiretroviral therapy in serodiscordant couples in sub-Saharan Africa: how many fit?

To evaluate the implication of WHO guidelines for serodiscordant couples, we interviewed HIV-infected adults on their partner's serostatus. We found that 12% with more than 500 CD4+ cells/μl should be recommended antiretroviral treatment (ART) because their partner was seronegative; 24% could be recommended not to start ART because their partner was seropositive; and 64% could not be given any recommendation regarding ART early initiation because they had either no stable partnership (30%) or were in a stable partnership with a partner whose status they were not aware of (34%).

[Premarital sex in Antananarivo (Madagascar): how are students freeing themselves from the norms?].

This paper aims to analyze the representations of premarital sexuality among young people in a context where they are strongly encouraged not to engage in premarital sexual relations. This link between prevention messages, representations and behaviours has been studied among a student population in Madagascar. The analysis is based on a socio-demographic survey conducted in 2006.

Forecasting the onset of an allergic risk to poaceae in Nancy and Strasbourg (France) with different methods.

Pollens of Poaceae are among the most allergenic pollen in Europe with pollen of birch. It is therefore useful to elaborate models to help pollen allergy sufferers. The objective of this study was to construct forecast models that could predict the first day characterized by a certain level of allergic risk called here the Starting Date of the Allergic Risk (SDAR).

Forecasting the onset of an allergic risk to poaceae in Nancy and Strasbourg (France) with different methods.

Pollen of Poaceae is among the most allergenic pollen in Europe with pollen of birch. It is therefore useful to elaborate models to help pollen allergy sufferers. The objective of this study was to construct forecast models that could predict the first day characterized by a certain level of allergic risk called here the Starting Date of the Allergic Risk (SDAR).

Temperature-related mortality in France, a comparison between regions with different climates from the perspective of global warming.

This paper aims to explain the results of an observational population study that was carried out between 1991 and 1995 in six regions (departments) in France. The study was to assess the relationship between temperature and mortality in a few areas of France that offer widely varying climatic conditions and lifestyles, to determine their thermal optimum, defined as a 3 degrees C temperature band with the lowest mortality rate in each area, and then to compare the mortality rates from this baseline band with temperatures above and below the baseline. The study period was selected because it did not include extreme cold or hot events such as a heatwave.

Management of hepatitis C patients: a French population-based study.

Aims: Our aim was to assess the proportion of patients in a well-defined population reaching specialized medical care after hepatitis C diagnosis.

Methods: Hepatitis C-positive patients recorded in the population-based registry of Cote-d'Or, an administrative district in France, constituted the study population.

Results: Between 1994 and 1999, new hepatitis C-positive serology was diagnosed in 847 patients, of whom 690 were eligible for this study.

[How to predict the date of the start of the pollination of a plant from the meteorological data: the example of ragweed at Lyon].

The pollen of Ambrosia, highly allergenic, can be found in high quantities in the French regions of Burgundy, Auvergne and mostly a great part of the Rhône-Alpes region. The aim of this study was to establish some forecast models of the Starting Date of the Pollen season (SDP) of Ambrosia, in order to provide early information to allergists and allergic people. The pollen data came from the Hirst trap set up in Lyon since 1987 by the RNSA, and the meteorological data for the same period were provided by Météo-France.

[2003, a year of extremes in Burgundy: pollen counts and meteorological influences].

The year 2003 was marked by some particular meterological situations (mild conditions at the end of winter and during spring) which had consequences on the quantity of pollen in the air during the year. These meteorological influences differ from one taxa to another and mostly from one season to another. These quantities very quite different in comparison with the previous years, in particular a notable increase of many winter and spring tree taxa and a decrease of herbaceous taxa, particularly those pollinating in summer.

[Flora, distribution of vegetation and pollen content of the air: significance for allergics].

The wealth of the flora of a given region cannot be seen in its airborne pollen list. Actually, for some plants there is a low probability that their pollens are recorded in the pollen counts (entomogamous plants, in particular). Moreover, the light microscopy reduces the possibilities of determination.

Association between concomitant use of several systemic NSAIDs and an excess risk of adverse drug reaction. A case/non-case study from the French Pharmacovigilance system database.

Aims: To examine whether the risk of some selected adverse effects increases with the number of systemic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) drugs.

Methods: The French Pharmacovigilance database was examined for an association between drug reaction reports and the exposure to one and two or more NSAIDs using a case/non-case study design. In the analysis, 54,583 spontaneous reports of adverse drug reactions were included, consisting of 2270 reports of hepatic injury, 994 reports of acute renal failure, 194 reports of gastrointestinal bleeding and 525 reports of angioedema, among others.

Two statistical approaches to forecasting the start and duration of the pollen season of Ambrosia in the area of Lyon (France).

The aim of the present study was to forecast the start and duration of the pollen season of Ambrosia from meteorological data, in order to provide early information to allergists and allergic people. We used the airborne pollen data from Lyon (France), sampled using a Hirst trap from 1987 to 1999, and the meteorological data for the same period: air temperature (minimal, maximal, and average), rainfall, relative humidity, sunshine duration and soil temperature. Two forecasting models were used, one summing the temperatures and the other making use of a multiple regression on 10-day or monthly meteorological parameters.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug prescribing patterns in general practice: comparison of a general practitioner-based survey and a pharmacy-based survey in France.

Purpose: In order to assess biases occurring in primary care prescription studies, we compared non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) prescribing patterns reported by general practitioners directly (GP-based survey) and from a pharmacy-based survey of general practitioner prescribing (pharmacy-based survey).

Methods: Volunteer GPs of the administrative area of Côte d'Or (France) returned a mailed questionnaire on NSAID prescribing patterns for consecutive patients seen during a 2-month period. In order to obtain a reference basis, pharmacies of the same administrative area provided all prescriptions that included NSAIDs during a 1-week period originating in general practice.

Forecasting the start of the pollen season of Poaceae: evaluation of some methods based on meteorological factors.

The pollen of anemogamous plants is responsible for half the allergic diseases, that is to say a prevalence of 10% in the French population. Poaceae produce the first allergenic pollen almost everywhere. The work described in this article aimed to validate forecast methods for the use of physicians and allergic people who need accurate and early information on the first appearance of pollen in the air.

[The characteristics of patients with hepatitis C virus antibodies followed in specialized university hospital units are different from those of patients in the general population. The Research Group of the REBOHC].

Objectives: To compare the characteristics of patients with anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies followed in a University Hospital Department of Hepatogastroenterology with those in patients who received medical care elsewhere.

Methods: Since 1994, a specialized viral hepatitis register has recorded since 1994 all new cases of anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies diagnosed in inhabitants of the French department of Côte-d'Or (493931). The factors correlated with the type of medical care in patients followed in the University Department were studied by logistical regression.

[Female genital and breast cancers in France: geographic distribution and estimation of incidence].

The aim of the study was to assess the incident number of female breast and genital tract cancers for the whole of France. The study focused on the 1983-1987 period and on 9.1% of the French population.