Community-driven partnerships with Community-Engaged Research teams bring resources and reliable information to Baltimore residents.

This case study presents an analysis of community-driven partnerships, focusing on the nonprofit Baltimore CONNECT (BC) network and its collaborative efforts with a Community-Engaged Research (CEnR) team of the Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (ICTR). BC has built a network of over 30 community-based organizations to provide health and social services in Baltimore City. The study emphasizes the role of CEnR in supporting community-led decision-making, specifically in the planning and implementation of community health resource fairs.

Drug Responses in Plexiform Neurofibroma Type I (PNF1) Cell Lines Using High-Throughput Data and Combined Effectiveness and Potency.

: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disorder characterized by heterozygous germline gene mutations that predispose patients to developing plexiform neurofibromas, which are benign but often disfiguring tumors of the peripheral nerve sheath induced by loss of heterozygosity at the locus. These can progress to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). There are no approved drug treatments for adults with NF1-related inoperable plexiform neurofibromas, and only one drug (selumetinib), which is an FDA-approved targeted therapy for the treatment of symptomatic pediatric plexiform neurofibromas, highlighting the need for additional drug screening and development.

Evaluation of the acute toxicity of ellagic acid and gallic acid incorporated in Poloxamer407® gel, in Zophobas morio larvae.

Gallic acid (GA) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, while ellagic acid (EA) demonstrates anticancer, antiviral and photoprotective activity. In this study, the combination of these substances incorporated into a poloxamer gel was tested to verify the individual effect of the substances, in addition to taking advantage of a probable complementary effect, aiming to provide additional therapeutic benefits. As a result of the incorporation, formulations containing GA, EA and GA + EA were obtained, which were evaluated for the effects of the Freeze-thaw cycle on pH, which revealed a significant decrease (p < 0.

Hepatic lobectomy in dogs using a stapling device with a vascular cartridge: a retrospective study of 13 cases.

Case History: Medical records of two veterinary hospitals in Canada were reviewed to identify cases of dogs that underwent liver lobectomy via open laparotomy using the Endo GIA surgical stapling device with a vascular cartridge (height of open and closed staples: 2.5 and 1.0 mm, respectively) between January 2016 and June 2018.

Evaluating artificial intelligence algorithms for use in veterinary radiology.

Artificial intelligence is increasingly being used for applications in veterinary radiology, including detection of abnormalities and automated measurements. Unlike human radiology, there is no formal regulation or validation of AI algorithms for veterinary medicine and both general practitioner and specialist veterinarians must rely on their own judgment when deciding whether or not to incorporate AI algorithms to aid their clinical decision-making. The benefits and challenges to developing clinically useful and diagnostically accurate AI algorithms are discussed.

Comparison of percutaneous cystolithotomy and open cystotomy for removal of urethral and bladder uroliths in dogs: Retrospective study of 81 cases (2014-2018).

Objective: Compare percutaneous cystolithotomy (PCCL) and open cystotomy (OC) for removal of bladder and urethral uroliths.

Design: Retrospective study.

Animals: Client-owned dogs and cats that underwent PCCL (n = 41) or OC (n = 40) between January 1, 2014 and February 28, 2018 at a referral center.

Treatment of myeloid neoplasia with doxorubicin and cytarabine in 11 dogs.

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) are primary myeloid neoplasms in dogs generally considered to have a poor outcome. In this study, we assessed toxicity, efficacy and outcome of concurrent administration of doxorubicin and cytarabine in 11 dogs with myeloid neoplasia. Bone marrow specimens were reviewed by three pathologists and classified as either MDS (n = 2), high grade MDS/early AML (MDS/AML; n = 4) or AML (n = 5).

Multicenter retrospective evaluation of transmural migration of subcutaneous ureteral bypass devices within the digestive tract in cats.

Background: Placement of a subcutaneous ureteral bypass (SUB) device is an effective method to relieve all causes of ureteral obstruction in cats. Complications involving migration within the gastrointestinal tract have been seldomly described.

Objectives: To characterize transmural migration of SUB devices within the digestive tract in cats.

Genetic and antigenic characterization of Brazilian SRLV strains: Natural small ruminant interspecies transmission from mixed herds.

Cross-species transmission events and mixed infection of small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) were studied in seven goats and two sheep from three small ruminant mixed flocks from Northeast and Southeast Brazil. Genetic and antigenic analyses with gag/env genes and ELISA multiepitope SU1/SU5 recombinant antigens were carried out, respectively. The genetic analysis of gag and env sequences showed high viral diversity in both species, MVV-like (subtype A1) and CAEV-like B1 in goats, and CAEV-like (subtype B1) in sheep, revealing SRLV interspecies transmission from sheep to goats and vice versa in Brazilian farms.

Clinical, laboratory and ultrasonographic findings differentiating low-grade intestinal T-cell lymphoma from lymphoplasmacytic enteritis in cats.

Background: Low-grade intestinal T-cell lymphoma (LGITL) is the most common intestinal neoplasm in cats. Differentiating LGITL from lymphoplasmacytic enteritis (LPE) is challenging because clinical signs, laboratory results, diagnostic imaging findings, histology, immunohistochemistry, and clonality features may overlap.

Objectives: To evaluate possible discriminatory clinical, laboratory and ultrasonographic features to differentiate LGITL from LPE.

Treatment of proteinuria in dogs with telmisartan: A retrospective study.

Background: Use of telmisartan for the treatment of proteinuria in dogs has not been thoroughly investigated.

Hypothesis/objectives: Telmisartan can be effective for the treatment of proteinuria in dogs.

Animals: Forty-four client-owned dogs with proteinuria.

Diffuse meningeal oligodendrogliomatosis characterized by spinal intra-parenchymal nodules on magnetic resonance imaging in a dog.

Meningeal oligodendrogliomatosis is a relatively rare neoplasm in dogs. Ante-mortem diagnosis is difficult due to nonspecific neurologic signs overlapping other conditions. The only reported consistent feature is a high level of protein in the cerebrospinal fluid.

Medical honey for canine nasal intertrigo: A randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, adaptive clinical trial to support antimicrobial stewardship in veterinary dermatology.

Intertrigo is a skin fold dermatitis often requiring recurrent treatment with topical antiseptics or antibiotics, which can select antimicrobial resistance. To minimize this risk, we tested the effectiveness of medical-grade Manuka honey at treating intertrigo as compared to a placebo hydrogel. We additionally characterized the culturable microbial flora of intertrigo and recorded any adverse effect with either treatment.

Establishment of a Novel Porcine Model to Study the Impact of Active Stretching on a Local Carrageenan-Induced Inflammation.

Objective: Active stretching of the body is integral to complementary mind-body therapies such as yoga, as well as physical therapy, yet the biologic mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain largely unknown. A previous study showed the impact of active stretching on inflammatory processes in rats. The present study tested the feasibility of using a porcine model, with a closer resemblance to human anatomy, to study the effects of active stretching in the resolution of localized inflammation.

Clinical findings and outcomes of 153 dogs surgically treated for intestinal intussusceptions.

Objective: To describe perioperative characteristics and outcomes of dogs surgically treated for intestinal intussusception.

Study Design: Multi-institutional, retrospective study.

Animals: One hundred fifty-three client-owned dogs with intestinal intussusception.

Removal of lower urinary tract stones by percutaneous cystolithotomy: 68 cases (2012-2017).

Objective: To describe the use and outcome of percutaneous cystolithotomy (PCCL) for removal of urethral and bladder stones in dogs and cats.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: Sixty-eight client-owned dogs and cats.

Pain and Problem Behavior in Cats and Dogs.

We argue that there is currently an under-reporting of the ways in which pain can be associated with problem behavior, which is seriously limiting the recognition of this welfare problem. A review of the caseloads of 100 recent dog cases of several authors indicates that a conservative estimate of around a third of referred cases involve some form of painful condition, and in some instances, the figure may be nearly 80%. The relationship is often complex but always logical.