Gefitinib induces EGFR and α5β1 integrin co-endocytosis in glioblastoma cells.

Overexpression of EGFR drives glioblastomas (GBM) cell invasion but these tumours remain resistant to EGFR-targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Endocytosis, an important modulator of EGFR function, is often dysregulated in glioma cells and is associated with therapy resistance. However, the impact of TKIs on EGFR endocytosis has never been examined in GBM cells.

The Microenvironment of Head and Neck Cancers: Papillomavirus Involvement and Potential Impact of Immunomodulatory Treatments.

Cancer progression can be understood as the result of deregulation of tumors' immune microenvironments. Recent studies of the alterations of microenvironments highlight their significant influence on the prognosis of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). It is necessary to better characterize tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes by focusing, in particular, on the tumor escape mechanisms from immune surveillance.

Association of Genomic Domains in and with Prostate Cancer Risk and Aggressiveness.

Pathogenic sequence variants (PSV) in or () are associated with increased risk and severity of prostate cancer. We evaluated whether PSVs in were associated with risk of overall prostate cancer or high grade (Gleason 8+) prostate cancer using an international sample of 65 and 171 male PSV carriers with prostate cancer, and 3,388 and 2,880 male PSV carriers without prostate cancer. PSVs in the 3' region of (c.

HDAC4 Levels Control Sensibility toward Cisplatin in Gastric Cancer via the p53-p73/BIK Pathway.

Gastric cancer (GC) remains a health issue due to the low efficiency of therapies, such as cisplatin. This unsatisfactory situation highlights the necessity of finding factors impacting GC sensibility to therapies. We analyzed the cisplatin pangenomic response in cancer cells and found HDAC4 as a major epigenetic regulator being inhibited.

Constitutive or Induced HIF-2 Addiction is Involved in Resistance to Anti-EGFR Treatment and Radiation Therapy in HNSCC.

Background: management of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) include anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) antibodies and radiotherapy, but resistance emerges in most patients. mutations lead to primary resistance to EGFR blockade in metastatic colorectal cancer but are infrequent in HNSCC, suggesting that other mechanisms are implicated. Since hypoxia and Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 (HIF-1) have been associated with treatment failure and tumor progression, we hypothesized that EGFR/mammalian Target Of Rapamycin (mTOR)/HIF-1 axis inhibition could radiosensitize HNSCC.

[Reirradiation of brain metastasis: Review of the last five years].

No recommandations have been established for reirradiation of brain metastases yet. The purpose of this review is to analyse the data of the five last years about the feasibility, efficacy and tolerance of reirradiation of brain metastases. Reirradiation can be 3D conformal or stereotactic.

RNA Aptamers Targeting Integrin α5β1 as Probes for Cyto- and Histofluorescence in Glioblastoma.

Nucleic acid aptamers are often referred to as chemical antibodies. Because they possess several advantages, like their smaller size, temperature stability, ease of chemical modification, lack of immunogenicity and toxicity, and lower cost of production, aptamers are promising tools for clinical applications. Aptamers against cell surface protein biomarkers are of particular interest for cancer diagnosis and targeted therapy.

Preferential Response of Basal-Like Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines to EGFR-Targeted Therapy Depending on -Driven Oncogenic Addiction.

The management of locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with Cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), achieves only moderate response rates, and clinical trials that evaluated EGFR-blockade with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) yielded disappointing results. Inter-tumor heterogeneity may hinder the therapeutic efficiency of anti-EGFR treatments. HNSCC heterogeneity was addressed in several studies, which all converged towards the definition of molecular subgroups.

Subcutaneous vs Intravenous Trastuzumab for Patients With ERBB2-Positive Early Breast Cancer: Final Analysis of the HannaH Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Confirmation of long-term comparability between subcutaneous and intravenous trastuzumab is essential.

Objective: To evaluate efficacy and safety of subcutaneous trastuzumab compared with that of intravenous trastuzumab for patients with ERBB2 (HER2)-positive early breast cancer after 6 years' follow-up in the HannaH (Enhanced Treatment With Neoadjuvant Herceptin) trial.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Open-label, prospective, multicenter, international, neoadjuvant-adjuvant, randomized, phase 3 noninferiority clinical trial (primary end points: pathologic complete response and serum trough concentration predose cycle 8) conducted for 596 patients with ERBB2-positive early breast cancer enrolled from October 19, 2009, to December 1, 2010.

Comparative RNA sequencing reveals that HPV16 E6 abrogates the effect of E6*I on ROS metabolism.

High-risk Human Papillomavirus infections are responsible for anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. Alternative splicing is an important mechanism controlling HPV16 gene expression. Modulation in the splice pattern leads to polycistronic HPV16 early transcripts encoding a full length E6 oncoprotein or truncated E6 proteins, commonly named E6*.

Factors improving the outcome of patients re-irradiated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for relapse or new head and neck cancer developed in irradiated areas.

Background: Patients with secondary/recurrent squamous cell head and neck cancer have poor prognoses. Re-irradiation is a treatment option. However, best technique to re-irradiate is not known.

Beliefs and behavior regarding e-cigarettes in a large cross-sectional survey.

Although e-cigarette use is increasing dramatically, numerous concerns persist regarding toxicity and their role in smoking cessation. We assessed beliefs and behavior regarding e-cigarettes in an adult French population. The 4th French nationwide observational survey, EDIFICE 4, was conducted among representative samples of 1602 laypersons (age, 40-75 years) from 12 June-10 July 2014, using the quota method.

Prospective Trial on Probe-Based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy for the Identification of the Distal Limit in Rectal Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Intraoperative decision of the level of distal resection in rectal cancer is often imprecise, based exclusively on digital examination and pretherapeutic imaging.

Design: Prospective, single institution, nonrandomized trial ( ClinicalTrial.gov identification no.

Awareness and Misconceptions of Breast Cancer Risk Factors Among Laypersons and Physicians.

Background: Primary prevention of cancer relies on awareness of and consequent identification of risk factors. We investigated knowledge of breast cancer risk factors not only among laywomen but also among female physicians.

Methods: The EDIFICE 4 nationwide observational survey was conducted by phone interviews of a representative female population (737 laywomen and 105 female physicians) aged 40-75 years, using the quota method.

Fluctuating Behavior of the French Population in Cancer Screening: 5th Edition of the EDIFICE Survey.

Background: The EDIFICE surveys have assessed cancer screening behavior in the French population since 2005.

Methods: The 2016 edition was conducted among a representative sample of 1501 individuals (age, 50-75 years). The current analysis focuses on breast, colorectal, prostate, lung, and cervical cancer screening.

Prognostic factors for survival in adult patients with recurrent glioblastoma: a decision-tree-based model.

We assessed prognostic factors in relation to OS from progression in recurrent glioblastomas. Retrospective multicentric study enrolling 407 (training set) and 370 (external validation set) adult patients with a recurrent supratentorial glioblastoma treated by surgical resection and standard combined chemoradiotherapy as first-line treatment. Four complementary multivariate prognostic models were evaluated: Cox proportional hazards regression modeling, single-tree recursive partitioning, random survival forest, conditional random forest.

[Prognostic factors for head and neck cancer reirradiation: A systematic review].

Purpose: To specify the effectiveness of head and neck cancer reirradiation and make a synthesis of prognostic factors established by published series of patients.

Materials And Methods: Original series of external reirradiation of head and neck cancer with at least ten patients were sought in Medline database.

Results: Exclusive reirradiation with or without concurrent chemotherapy offers 11 months of median overall survival, versus 6 months for chemotherapy alone, and 20 to 40% of the patients are still alive two years after treatment.

A French national breast and thyroid cancer screening programme for survivors of childhood, adolescent and young adult (CAYA) cancers - DeNaCaPST programme.

Background: Survival of childhood, adolescent and young adult (CAYA) cancers has increased with progress in the management of the treatments and has reached more than 80% at 5 years. Nevertheless, these survivors are at great risk of second cancers and non-malignant co-morbidities in later life. DeNaCaPST is a non-interventional study whose aim is to organize a national screening for thyroid cancer and breast cancer in survivors of CAYA cancers.

An unusual pituitary stalk lesion: What is the place of surgery?

Background: Sellar and suprasellar primary melanocytic tumors are exceptional occurrences. Besides the difficulty of differential diagnosis between a primary and secondary lesion, treatment of these pathologies is still unclear and controversial.

Case Report: We describe the case of a 36-year-old woman with no relevant previous medical history who presented with 1 month history of diabetes insipidus, blurred vision and generalized weakness; a brain MRI disclosed an atypical pituitary stalk lesion; initially the tumor was biopsied through an endonasal endoscopic approach that revealed a melanocytic tumor; the patient was afterwards managed by a second stage extended endonasal endoscopic approach achieving a subtotal tumor removal.

[Delineation of organs at risk and dose constraints].

From a review of literature, the objective of this paper is to define limits for delineation of organs at risk and dose constraints in this latter when radiotherapy is delivered with conventional fractionation or with hypofractionation as for stereotactic body radiation therapy.

[Frameless set-up with ExacTrac system for stereotactic radiotherapy of brain metastasis: Descriptive study from five French centres].

Purpose: This study aimed to analyse the positioning protocols with the ExacTrac system, associated with a dedicated linear accelerator such as Novalis, for stereotactic treatment of brain metastases in several French centres.

Materials And Methods: A survey, including three questions about the prescription of irradiation and twenty-one questions about how the ExacTrac system is used, was sent to nine French centres owning a dedicated Novalis accelerator. Five centres have accepted to participate in the study.

EpiBrainRad: an epidemiologic study of the neurotoxicity induced by radiotherapy in high grade glioma patients.

Background: Radiotherapy is one of the most important treatments of primary and metastatic brain tumors. Unfortunately, it can involve moderate to severe complications among which leukoencephalopathy is very frequent and implies cognitive deficits such as memory, attention and executive dysfunctions. However, the incidence of this complication is not well established and the risk factors and process are poorly understood.