Proposed research classification criteria for Lyme disease in infection associated chronic illness studies.

Background: Research on patients with persistent symptoms despite prior treatment for Lyme disease can be challenging to interpret given the diversity of criteria selected to characterize Lyme disease and to define the syndrome of those with persistent symptoms. Because most research studies only include patients with well-documented prior Lyme disease, the generalizability of the study results is limited, excluding the larger group of patients often seen in community practice who do not meet these stringent enrollment criteria. Researchers at the Lyme and other Tick-borne Diseases Clinical Trials Network (LTD-CTN) recognized early on that a research classification system was needed to facilitate the design of studies that are more inclusive.

Proceedings of the 12th annual deep brain stimulation think tank: cutting edge technology meets novel applications.

The Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) Think Tank XII was held on August 21st to 23rd. This year we showcased groundbreaking advancements in neuromodulation technology, focusing heavily on the novel uses of existing technology as well as next-generation technology. Our keynote speaker shared the vision of using neuro artificial intelligence to predict depression using brain electrophysiology.

Fluorescent PyrAte-()-citalopram conjugates enable imaging of the serotonin transporter in living tissue.

Fluorescent labeling techniques have enabled the visualization of various biomolecules, cellular structures, and their associated physiological processes. At the same time, there remains a demand for developing novel fluorescent compounds possessing unique chemical properties for biological imaging. A recently developed class of fluorophores, termed , displays optimal brightness and large Stokes shifts that are ideal for fluorescence microscopy.

Access to Virtual Care in Behavioral Health: A Social Determinant of Health.

Objective: In the wake of COVID-19, the use of virtual modalities to provide healthcare has increased significantly. While virtual care services, particularly for behavioral health encounters, have become commonplace in many healthcare systems, there is limited data describing to what extent access to virtual care is affected by social determinants of health. The present study aims to characterize the utilization of virtual (video, phone) and non-virtual (in-person office visits) behavioral health care encounters among differing socioeconomic and demographic populations in two campuses served by a tertiary care center in Delaware to identify trends and potential barriers to these services.

Examining the needs, outcomes and current treatment pathways of 2461 people with treatment-resistant depression: mixed-methods study.

Background: A substantial subset of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) experience treatment-resistant depression (TRD), typically defined as failure to respond to at least two sequential antidepressant trials at adequate dose and length.

Aims: To examine clinical and service-level associations of TRD, and the experiences of people with TRD and clinicians involved in their care within a large, diverse National Health Service trust in the UK.

Method: This mixed-methods study integrated quantitative analysis of electronic health records with thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews.

Unique DUP-TRP/INV-DUP Structure Detected by Long-Read Sequencing.

Duplication-triplication/inverted-duplication (DUP-TRP/INV-DUP) is one of the mechanisms that causes genomic triplications. There are some characteristics of the DUP-TRP/INV-DUP; the appearance of a moving average of signal log2 ratio in genomic copy number analysis consisting of the highest center with lower steps on both sides; the chromosomal structure is composed of only two junctions; there are inverted repeats at the ends of the triplications and duplications on the same side and those connected in the opposite direction; and the size of the DUP-TRP/INV-DUP structure is generally less than the 1-Mb range. In this study, we analyzed two patients with DUP-TRP/INV-DUP involving PLP1 and MECP2.

Patient perspectives on medications for alcohol use disorder: A systematic scoping review.

Front-line treatments for alcohol use disorder (AUD) include psychotherapy and medication, and both treatments are underused. However, utilization rates of medications for alcohol use disorder (MAUD) are particularly low. The goal of the present scoping review is to characterize patient perspectives about MAUD to identify barriers to MAUD and potential areas of future work to increase access, initiation, and retention on MAUD.

Improving Cognitive and Psychological Functioning in Older Latinos with HIV: Results from a Pilot Health Promotion Intervention.

Background/objectives: Older Latino persons with HIV (OLPWH) experience early-onset cognitive decline due to specific factors associated with accelerated aging as well as more established risk factors like depression, anxiety, and sedentary behavior. Yet, few behavioral interventions to improve OLPWH's psychological and cognitive health have been assessed. Thus, this pilot study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary intervention effects of the Happy Older Latinos are Active (HOLA) physical activity health promotion intervention on cognition and mental health among this underserved population.

Sex-specific Associations between Immune Parameters and Clinical Symptoms in First-episode Patients with Schizophrenia.

Introduction: Inflammation is linked to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The neutrophil- to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a measure of systemic inflammation, has been reported to be associated with schizophrenia. However, few studies have examined the sex-specific association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and clinical symptoms in schizophrenia.

Aberrant DNA methylation of genes regulating CD4+ T cell HIV-1 reservoir in women with HIV.

Background: The HIV-1 reservoir in CD4+ T cells (HR) pose a major challenge to curing HIV, with many of its mechanisms still unclear. HIV-1 DNA integration and immune responses may alter the host's epigenetic landscape, potentially silencing HIV-1 replication.

Methods: This study used bisulphite capture DNA methylation sequencing in CD4+ T cells from the blood of 427 virally suppressed women with HIV to identify differentially methylated sites and regions associated with HR.

Altered thyroid function and neurometabolic features provide clues to understand the comorbidity of bipolar II depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is highly comorbid with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), leading to poor treatment outcome and prognosis. However, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying BD comorbid with OCD remain poorly understood. To address it, we recruited 69 untreated patients with bipolar II depression, including 35 comorbid with OCD (BD-II-Depression-OCD) and 34 without OCD (BD-II-Depression-nonOCD), and 38 healthy controls (HC).

Is more better? Comparing 600, 1200 and 1800 pulses/session (p/s) of intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) for the treatment of depression.

Introduction: Repetitive Transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive therapy for treatment-resistant disorders. Intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) has emerged as a favorite treatment protocol for the treatment of therapy resistant depression, with the tendency to administer an increasing number of pulses/session (p/s).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 215 in- and out-patients, suffering from unipolar or bipolar depressive disorder in a German tertiary care hospital between January 2021 and September 2024.

Mayo Normative Studies: regression-based normative data for remote self-administration of the Stricker Learning Span, Symbols Test, and Mayo Test Drive Screening Battery Composite and validation in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and dementia.

Few normative data for unsupervised, remotely-administered computerized cognitive measures are available. We examined variables to include in normative models for Mayo Test Drive (MTD, a multi-device remote cognitive assessment platform) measures, developed normative data, and validated the norms. 1240 Cognitively Unimpaired (CU) adults ages 32-100 years (96% White) from the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging and Mayo Alzheimer's Disease Research Center with Clinical Dementia Rating of 0 were included.

The association between quality of life and psychological flexibility, depressive, anxiety or insomnia symptoms in patients with persistent indoor environment-related symptoms or chronic fatigue.

Background: Persistent physical symptoms (PPS) can significantly impair health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and are often accompanied by psychiatric comorbidity. Psychological flexibility (PF), characterized by the ability to adapt functionally and congruently to diverse situations based on personal values, may play a crucial role in determining HRQoL. This study aims to examine the associations between symptoms of depression, anxiety or insomnia or PF and HRQoL among individuals with PPS associated with (i) the indoor environment (IE), (ii) chronic fatigue, or (iii) both.

Granular cytoplasmic inclusions in astrocytes and microglial activation in the fetal brain of pigtail macaques in response to maternal viral infection.

The fetal origins of neuropsychiatric disorders are poorly understood but have been linked to viral or inflammatory injury of the developing brain. The fetal white matter is particularly susceptible to injury as myelination, axonal growth, and deep white matter tracts become established. We have used the pigtail macaque (Macaca nemestrina) to study the maternal and fetal effects of influenza A virus (FLUAV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy, in cohorts with different time intervals between inoculation and delivery.

"Like a rollercoaster": carer experiences of residential treatment for eating disorders.

Background: Residential facilities for eating disorders are becoming increasingly common, providing recovery-oriented care in less restrictive environments compared to traditional hospital treatments. Despite their popularity, there is a lack of research regarding parent and carer experiences of residential programs. Furthermore, while the impact of eating disorders on parents and caregivers is well-documented, understandings of their lived experiences remain limited.

White matter microstructure as a potential contributor to differences in resting state alpha activity between neurotypical and autistic children: a longitudinal multimodal imaging study.

We and others have demonstrated the resting-state (RS) peak alpha frequency (PAF) as a potential clinical marker for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), with previous studies observing a higher PAF in school-age children with ASD versus typically developing (TD) children, as well as an association between the RS PAF and measures of processing speed in TD but not ASD. The brain mechanisms associated with these findings are unknown. A few studies have found that in children more mature optic radiation white matter is associated with a higher PAF.

Needs of the network: a qualitative study of the needs of family members, partners and close friends of people with a severe mental illness (SMI).

Background: Mental healthcare for people with a severe mental illness (SMI) is increasingly being delivered in a deinstitutionalized setting. Community-dwelling, ambulatory care and support, and the associated treatment goals have implications for the roles and experiences of family members and close friends of people with an SMI. This study aims to provide a deeper understanding of what social network members of people with an SMI need to cope with the effects of the illness and possible caregiving responsibilities and remain involved.

Help-seeking behavior, treatment barriers and facilitators, attitudes and access to first-line treatment in German adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Background: Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) face both personal and system-based barriers in receiving first-line treatment, i.e. cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with exposure and response prevention (ERP).

Can prosocial behavior buffer symptom severity and impairment in children and adolescents with ADHD symptoms in a clinical setting?

Background: Most research in children with ADHD has focused on risk factors and their outcomes, such as symptom severity as a risk factor for functional impairment. Yet, a small group of studies show that some children function well despite their symptom severity. Preliminary evidence suggests that social protective factors may protect children with ADHD against its negative impact across different domains.

Increasing capacity for ethnically-based community leaders to engage in policy change: assessing the impact of a train-the-trainer approach.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated existing disparities in healthcare access and outcomes, particularly among underserved communities. As one site participating in the NIH-funded Community Engagement Alliance Against COVID-19, our focus was to address COVID-19 disparities by training immigrant and refugee communities to advocate for their needs by increasing capacity to campaign for policy-level changes.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of a train-the-trainer policy advocacy program for ethnically-based community leaders within San Diego County using a mixed-methods evaluation.

Psychometric testing of Chinese version of screening tools (PASS) and GAD among perinatal population: hospital based evidence 2023.

Background: Anxiety disorders are increasing worldwide, untreated anxiety is linked to maternal and child health outcomes. The purpose of this study is to test psychometric properties of the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS) among Chinese women.

Methods: The PASS was translated into Chinese following Beaton's intercultural debugging guide.

The relationship between VAI, LAP, and depression and the mediation role of sleep duration-evidence from NHANES 2005-2020.

Background: The relationship between obesity and mental health has attracted attention. However, large sample studies on the relationship between visceral fat obesity and depression are lacking. This study aimed to explore the relationship between visceral fat obesity and depression by using visceral adiposity index (VAI) and lipid accumulation product (LAP).