Current evidence gaps to support systematic cytomegalovirus screening in pregnancy.

The benefits of screening for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection during pregnancy remain a topic of debate. To date, no randomized trial has compared the impact of screening versus routine management on the prevention of severe sequelae in newborns. Furthermore, it is unclear what actions can be taken in case of a positive screening given that there is limited evidence of effective interventions as no treatments showed significant effect on the frequency of congenital cytomegalovirus infections and, as additional challenge, the window for effective treatment initiation after maternal infection is narrow, estimated to be as short as five weeks.

Effectiveness evaluation of an organisational intervention, targeting pregnancy and addiction care professionals, among women who have just given birth in maternity wards and smoked tobacco during pregnancy (5A-QUIT-N): study protocol for a stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial.

Introduction: In 2021, among French women who smoked when they knew they were pregnant, 59% still smoked at the end of pregnancy. Support for pregnant women to stop smoking must include a structured organisational perspective. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the 5A-QUIT-N organisational intervention on smoking cessation at delivery among pregnant women who smoke during pregnancy.

Impact of Smoking Reduction Scenarios on the Burden of Myocardial Infarction in the French Population Until 2035.

Aim: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a cardiovascular disease caused by necrosis of the myocardium, which places a heavy burden on patients. In France, the proportion of daily smokers remains high, reaching at 25.5% in 2020.

Teriflunomide, cognition and MRI: A longitudinal study.

Background: As cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS) is a frequent and disabling symptom, it is particularly important to identify treatments that have proven efficacy in this aspect of the disease. Several disease-modifying therapies for MS have been evaluated and shown to have a potential effect on cognition and its neurobiological correlates, but to date there is very little data on Teriflunomide (TRF). The aim of this study is to explore the influence of TRF on comprehensive cognitive function and its MRI correlations (global and focal brain volume) in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) after two years of therapy.

Peripersonal space: why so last-second?

A vast range of neurophysiological, neuropsychological and behavioural results in monkeys and humans have shown that the immediate surroundings of the body, also known as peripersonal space (PPS), are processed in a unique way. Three roles have been ascribed to PPS mechanisms: to react to threats, to avoid obstacles and to act on objects. However, in many circumstances, one does not wait for objects or agents to enter PPS to plan these behaviours.

Can neurodevelopmental disorders influence the course of neurodegenerative diseases? A scoping review.

This scoping review aims at giving an overview of the possible influence of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) on cognitive-behavioral neurodegenerative diseases (CBNDs). Based on the PRISMA-ScR checklist, it details the methods of NDDs screening, the identified NDDs-CBNDs associations, as well as the criteria and types of association. The last literature search was performed in June 2023.

Rationale and design of the FRENch CoHort of myocardial Infarction Evaluation (FRENCHIE) study.

Background: Despite major advances in prevention and treatment, cardiovascular diseases - particularly acute myocardial infarction - remain a leading cause of death worldwide and in France. Collecting contemporary data about the characteristics, management and outcomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction in France is important.

Aims: The main objectives are to describe baseline characteristics, contemporary management, in-hospital and long-term outcomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction hospitalized in tertiary care centres in France; secondary objectives are to investigate determinants of prognosis (including periodontal disease and sleep-disordered breathing), to identify gaps between evidence-based recommendations and management and to assess medical care costs for the index hospitalization and during the follow-up period.

Rationale and design of the French cohort of acute myocarditis diagnosed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MyocarditIRM).

Background: Acute myocarditis usually presents as chest pain with rising troponin and normal coronary arteries. Despite frequent favourable evolution at the acute phase, it is associated with heart failure and ventricular rhythm disorders, and is considered the leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young, apparently healthy, adults. There are no specific recommendations for acute myocarditis diagnosis and management, only expert consensus, given the lack of large databases.

Early Mortality, Cardiovascular, and Renal Diseases in Women's Lives Following Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: The Prospective Nationwide Study CONCEPTION.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the impact of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy occurrence, recurrence, onset time, and severity on mortality and on a wide range of cardiovascular outcomes in France.

Methods And Results: CONCEPTION (Cohort of Cardiovascular Diseases in Pregnancy) is a French nationwide prospective cohort using data from the National Health Data System. We included all women in CONCEPTION with no history of a cardiovascular event who delivered in France for the first time between 2010 and 2018 (N=2 819 655).

A conceptual framework to model social determinants of COVID-19 vaccination uptake among underserved homeless populations.

Background:  Homeless people have a higher risk of COVID-19 infection, linked to several social, economic and environmental determinants, frequent comorbidities, obstacles to exercising their constitutional social and health rights, poor medical cover, and insufficient use of the healthcare system. Data on COVID-19 vaccine uptake and its main determinants are lacking for this underserved population.

Objectives:  To construct and test a conceptual framework to model structural social determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among underserved homeless populations, and to test this model to identify the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake on the homeless population living in two metropolitan areas in France.

Social and clinical vulnerability in stroke and STEMI management during the COVID-19 pandemic: a registry-based study.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate whether the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a deterioration in the quality of care for socially and/or clinically vulnerable stroke and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients.

Design: Two cohorts of STEMI and stroke patients in the Aquitaine neurocardiovascular registry.

Setting: Six emergency medical services, 30 emergency units, 14 hospitalisation units and 11 catheterisation laboratories in the Aquitaine region in France.

Does early child negative emotionality moderate the association between maternal stimulation and academic readiness and achievement?

We investigated whether child temperament (negative emotionality, 5 months) moderated the association between maternal stimulation (5 months-2½ years) and academic readiness and achievement (vocabulary, mathematics, and reading). We applied structural equation modeling to the data from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (N = 1121-1448; mostly Whites; 47% girls). Compared to children with low negative emotionality, those with high negative emotionality had higher levels of academic readiness (6 years) and mathematics achievement (7 years) when exposed to high levels of maternal stimulation (β = 3.

Cerebral Metabolic Signature of Chronic Benzodiazepine Use in Nondemented Older Adults: An FDG-PET Study in the MEMENTO Cohort.

Objective: We sought to examine the association between chronic Benzodiazepine (BZD) use and brain metabolism obtained from 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in the MEMENTO clinical cohort of nondemented older adults with an isolated memory complaint or mild cognitive impairment at baseline.

Methods: Our analysis focused on 3 levels: (1) the global mean brain standardized uptake value (SUVR), (2) the Alzheimer's disease (AD)-specific regions of interest (ROIs), and (3) the ratio of total SUVR on the brain and different anatomical ROIs. Cerebral metabolism was obtained from 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose-FDG-PET and compared between chronic BZD users and nonusers using multiple linear regressions adjusted for age, sex, education, APOE ε 4 copy number, cognitive and neuropsychiatric assessments, history of major depressive episodes and antidepressant use.

Health-related quality of life in subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment: a longitudinal cohort analysis.

Background: Health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) is an important outcome for patients and crucial for demonstrating the value of new treatments. Health utility estimates in subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are limited, especially in biomarker-confirmed populations. Besides, little is known about the longitudinal HR-QoL trajectory.

Health status, healthcare use and child MMR vaccination coverage in Travellers according to their environmental and living conditions in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France, 2019-2022.

Background: The poor health status of underserved populations is compounded by low vaccination uptake, leading to a greater risk of epidemics. On October 2017, a measles outbreak started in the southwest of France among under-vaccinated social groups, including Travellers. We aimed to describe the health status, healthcare use and child measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination coverage in Travellers according to their environmental and living conditions.

Environment and child well-being: A scoping review of reviews to guide policies.

Background: Acting on social determinants is the most effective, efficient, and fairest strategy to improve population health and health equity. Because of their vulnerability and dependence, children are particularly exposed to the deleterious effects of their living environment. Taking these issues into account in the development of public policies and identifying levers for action are crucial.

Human skeletal myopathy myosin mutations disrupt myosin head sequestration.

Myosin heavy chains encoded by MYH7 and MYH2 are abundant in human skeletal muscle and important for muscle contraction. However, it is unclear how mutations in these genes disrupt myosin structure and function leading to skeletal muscle myopathies termed myosinopathies. Here, we used multiple approaches to analyze the effects of common MYH7 and MYH2 mutations in the light meromyosin (LMM) region of myosin.

Trends in epidemiology and risk factors of opportunistic infections in kidney transplant recipients between 2004 and 2017.

Background: While opportunistic infections are a frequent and challenging problem in kidney transplant recipients, their long-term epidemiology remains hardly known.

Methods: Opportunistic infections were recorded in 1144 recipients transplanted in our center between 2004 and 2015. Incidence rates and baseline risk factors were determined using joint frailty models.