Sex and gender in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease characterised by pulmonary vascular remodelling and elevated pulmonary pressure, which eventually leads to right heart failure and death. Registries worldwide have noted a female predominance of the disease, spurring particular interest in hormonal involvement in the disease pathobiology. Several experimental models have shown both protective and deleterious effects of oestrogens, suggesting that complex mechanisms participate in PAH pathogenesis.

Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation After Atrial Flutter Ablation With Ramipril (from the PREFACE Study).

The clinical efficacy of the inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) as an upstream therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF) prevention is controversial. No study has itemized so far the role of RAAS inhibitors in AF prevention after atrial flutter (AFL) ablation. This trial aims to investigate the effect of ramipril compared with placebo on AF occurrence in patients hospitalized for AFL ablation without structural heart disease.

Balloon catheter vs oxytocin alone for induction of labor in women with one previous cesarean section and an unfavorable cervix: a multicenter, retrospective study.

Purpose: To compare the rate of vaginal birth between double-balloon catheter and oxytocin alone for induction of labor in women with one previous cesarean section and an unfavorable cervix.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective and observational study was conducted from 2013 to 2017, at the Saint-Etienne University Hospital where women received induction with a double-balloon catheter for 12 h and at the Grenoble Alpes University Hospital where women received induction with a low-dose oxytocin infusion. Primary outcome was the rate of vaginal birth.

Advanced Flow Cytometry Analysis Algorithms for Optimizing the Detection of "Different From Normal" Immunophenotypes in Acute Myeloid Blasts.

Acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) are a group of hematologic malignancies that are heterogeneous in their molecular and immunophenotypic profiles. Identification of the immunophenotypic differences between AML blasts and normal myeloid hematopoietic precursors (myHPCs) is a prerequisite to achieving better performance in AML measurable residual disease follow-ups. In the present study, we applied high-dimensional analysis algorithms provided by the Infinicyt 2.

Management of COVID-19 on board the mixed cargo ship Aranui 5.

Background: During cruises, the management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections poses serious organizational problems such as those encountered in 2020 by the Zaandam, the aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle or the Diamond Princess. In French Polynesia, the mixed cargo ship Aranui 5 transports both tourists and freight to the Marquesas Islands. The purpose of this article is to show how COVID-19 infections were diagnosed and contained before and after passengers boarded a cruise.

[Multiple synchronous lung adenocarcinoma: Interest of molecular biology for staging].

Introduction: The presence of multiple synchronous lung tumors is not a rare event. Distinguishing intra-pulmonary metastases from multiple synchronous lung adenocarcinoma is a challenge for pathologists and physicians. We present observation of a patient with three lung tumors corresponding to three adenocarcinomas for which molecular analysis had a significant impact on tumor staging.

PLAN-e-PSY, a mobile application to improve case management and patient's functioning in first episode psychosis: protocol for an open-label, multicentre, superiority, randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: The prognosis of first episode psychosis (FEP), which is a severe disorder, can be notably impaired by patients' disengagement from healthcare providers. Coordinated specialty care with case management is now considered as the gold standard in this population, but there are still challenges for engagement with subsequent functional impairments. Youth-friendly and patient-centred clinical approaches are sought to improve engagement in patients with FEP.

Assessment of pre-donation glomerular filtration rate: going back to basics.

The 2017 version of the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines is the most recent international framework for the evaluation and care of living kidneys donors. Along with the call for an integrative approach evaluating the long-term end-stage kidney disease risk for the future potential donor, several recommendations are formulated regarding the pre-donation glomerular filtration rate (GFR) adequacy with no or little consideration for the donor candidate's age or for the importance of using reference methods of GFR measurements. Herein, we question the position of the KDIGO guidelines and discuss the rationale and modalities for a more basic, but no less demanding GFR evaluation enabling a more efficient selection of potential kidney donors.

CT-guided percutaneous approach for the treatment of peripheral pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm: A case report.

Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm is a rare but life threatening complication of pulmonary tuberculosis, considered as a diagnosis and therapeutic emergency. Transarterial embolization approach has become more widespread over the last few decades, and is now considered the first-line treatment over surgery. Percutaneous embolization under computed tomography (CT) or CT scan control has recently been reported by one centre as a first-line treatment for persistent peripheral Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm under certain conditions.

Characteristics of the delayed respiratory syncytial virus epidemic, 2020/2021, Rhône Loire, France.

The Rhône-Loire metropolitan areas' 2020/21 respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) epidemic was delayed following the implementation of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI), compared with previous seasons. Very severe lower respiratory tract infection incidence among infants ≤ 3 months decreased twofold, the proportion of cases among children aged > 3 months to 5 years increased, and cases among adults > 65 years were markedly reduced. NPI appeared to reduce the RSV burden among at-risk groups, and should be promoted to minimise impact of future RSV outbreaks.

Association between Initial Treatment Strategy and Long-Term Survival in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

The relationship between the initial treatment strategy and survival in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains uncertain. To evaluate the long-term survival of patients with PAH categorized according to the initial treatment strategy. A retrospective analysis of incident patients with idiopathic, heritable, or anorexigen-induced PAH enrolled in the French Pulmonary Hypertension Registry (January 2006 to December 2018) was conducted.

Invasive aspergillosis due to Aspergillus cryptic species: A prospective multicentre study.

Objectives: Aspergillus cryptic species are increasingly recognised causes of Aspergillus diseases, including life-threatening invasive aspergillosis (IA). However, as their accurate identification remains challenging in a routine practice, few is known from a clinical and epidemiological perspective. Recently, the MSI application has emerged as a powerful tool for the detection and identification of Aspergillus cryptic species.

Live virus neutralization testing in convalescent patients and subjects vaccinated against 19A, 20B, 20I/501Y.V1 and 20H/501Y.V2 isolates of SARS-CoV-2.

SARS-CoV-2 mutations appeared recently and can lead to conformational changes in the spike protein and probably induce modifications in antigenicity. We assessed the neutralizing capacity of antibodies to prevent cell infection, using a live virus neutralization test with different strains [19A (initial one), 20B (B.1.

Unique molecular signatures typify skin inflammation induced by chemical allergens and irritants.

Background: Skin exposure to chemicals may induce an inflammatory disease known as contact dermatitis (CD). Distinguishing the allergic and irritant forms of CD often proves challenging in the clinic.

Methods: To characterize the molecular signatures of chemical-induced skin inflammation, we conducted a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis on the skin lesions of 47 patients with positive patch tests to reference contact allergens and nonallergenic irritants.

A European Survey on Digestive Perianastomotic Ulcerations, a Rare Crohn-like Disorder Occurring in Children and Young Adults.

Objectives: Digestive perianastomotic ulcerations (DPAU) resembling Crohn disease lesions are long-term complications of intestinal resections, occurring in children and young adults. They are known to be uncommon, severe and difficult to treat.

Methods: In the absence of recommendations, we performed a large European survey among the members of the ESPGHAN working group on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in order to collect the experience of expert pediatric gastroenterologists on DPAU.

The effectiveness of natalizumab vs fingolimod-A comparison of international registry studies.

Background: Natalizumab and fingolimod were the first preparations recommended for disease breakthrough in priorly treated relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Of three published head-to-head studies two showed that natalizumab is the more effective to prevent relapses and EDSS worsening.

Methods: By re-analyzing original published results from MSBase, France, and Denmark using uniform methodologies, we aimed at identifying the effects of differences in methodology, in the MS-populations, and at re-evaluating the differences in effectiveness between the two drugs.

Current trends in 2021 in surgical management of vesico-ureteral reflux in pediatric patients: results of a multicenter international survey on 552 patients.

Background: The selection of best surgical approach for treatment of vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) in the pediatric population remains debated. This study aimed to report the results of a multicenter survey about the current trends in surgical management of pediatric VUR.

Methods: An online questionnaire-based survey was performed, with participation of six international institutions.

Multicystic peritoneal mesothelioma treated with cytoreductive surgery followed or not by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: results from a large multicentric cohort.

Background: Multicystic peritoneal mesothelioma (MCPM) is a rare, slowly growing, condition prone to recur after surgery. The role of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) added to complete cytoreductive surgery (CRS) remains controversial and difficult to assess. As patients are mostly reproductive age women, surgical approach, and fertility considerations are important aspects of the management.

Impact of early low-calorie low-protein versus standard-calorie standard-protein feeding on outcomes of ventilated adults with shock: design and conduct of a randomised, controlled, multicentre, open-label, parallel-group trial (NUTRIREA-3).

Introduction: International guidelines include early nutritional support (≤48 hour after admission), 20-25 kcal/kg/day, and 1.2-2 g/kg/day protein at the acute phase of critical illness. Recent data challenge the appropriateness of providing standard amounts of calories and protein during acute critical illness.