Towards a more precise rating of neurological disability in multiple sclerosis: A new automatic and linear quantification of limbs function.

Introduction: The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) is the gold standard for evaluating clinical disability in multiple sclerosis (MS) in daily practice. However, more precise clinical assessment tools are needed. We assessed a new, automated rating of the neurological examination obtained with a mobile application (Quantified Neurological Examination - QNE).

Pregnancy and post-partum in patients with myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease.

Background And Objective: Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) frequently initiates during childbearing years. This study investigated the impact of pregnancy and post-partum on MOGAD activity.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of clinical and demographic data from a multicenter French cohort of adult patients with MOGAD.

Correlation between CD4/CD8 ratio and neurocognitive performance during early HIV infection.

Introduction: CD4/CD8 ratio is a marker of immune activation in HIV infection and has been associated with neurocognitive performance during chronic infection, but little is known about the early phases. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between blood CD4/CD8 ratio and central nervous system endpoints in primary HIV infection (PHI) before and after antiretroviral treatment (ART).

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of the Primary Infection Stage CNS Events Study (PISCES) cohort.

Efficacy, safety and patient reported outcomes in patients with active relapsing multiple sclerosis treated with ocrelizumab: Final results from the PRO-MSACTIVE study.

Background: Ocrelizumab, a humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, has been approved in Europe for the treatment of adult patients with active relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS) and primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS), on the basis of previous phase III studies. However, limited data were available on ocrelizumab efficacy in RMS according to the Lublin definition of activity (clinical and/or imaging features) used in the current drug label. The PRO-MSACTIVE study was thus designed to provide additional data on ocrelizumab efficacy according to this definition, and also on safety and patient reported outcomes (PROs).

Reliability of mobile video-oculography in multiple sclerosis patients using an iPad: A prospective validation study.

Background: Video-oculography (VOG) could be useful for monitoring neurodegenerative diseases and multiple sclerosis (MS), as a high prevalence of subclinical eye movements abnormalities (EMA) has been previously reported, with a potential prognostic value regarding disease evolution. However, access to VOG is limited in clinical practice.

Objective: To evaluate the reliability of VOG recordings performed using eVOG, a mobile application developed on an iPad.

Inflammatory Markers after Switching to a Dual Drug Regimen in HIV-Infected Subjects: A Two-Year Follow-Up.

Objective: Immunadapt is a study evaluating the impact of combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) simplification on immune activation. We previously showed that switching to dual therapies could be associated six months later with macrophage activation. Followup continued up to 24 months after treatment simplification.

Switching to a Dual-Drug Regimen in HIV-Infected Patients Could Be Associated With Macrophage Activation?

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on immune activation of switching from a triple-drug to a dual-drug regimen in HIV-1 infected patients on successful combination antiretroviral treatment (cART). Immunadapt is a prospective study evaluating the impact of cART simplification on immune activation. We prospectively collected blood samples in HIV-1 infected patients on stable and successful cART switching from triple to dual regimens as a simplifying strategy.

How to switch disease-modifying treatments in multiple sclerosis: Guidelines from the French Multiple Sclerosis Society (SFSEP).

Background: Today, there are no recommendations on switching disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Objectives: To establish guidelines on switching DMTs MS.

Methods: A Steering Committee composed of seven MS experts from the French Group for Recommendations in Multiple Sclerosis (France4MS) defined 15 proposals.

Association of Immunosuppression and Viral Load With Subcortical Brain Volume in an International Sample of People Living With HIV.

Importance: Despite more widely accessible combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), HIV-1 infection remains a global public health challenge. Even in treated patients with chronic HIV infection, neurocognitive impairment often persists, affecting quality of life. Identifying the neuroanatomical pathways associated with infection in vivo may delineate the neuropathologic processes underlying these deficits.

BEST-MS: A prospective head-to-head comparative study of natalizumab and fingolimod in active relapsing MS.

Background: There are few head-to-head studies to compare highly active treatments in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness between natalizumab (NTZ) and fingolimod (FTY) in active relapsing-remitting MS.

Method: Best Escalation STrategy in Multiple Sclerosis (BEST-MS) is a multicentric, prospective study with a 12-month follow-up including patients with active MS.

Digital biomarkers can highlight subtle clinical differences in radiologically isolated syndrome compared to healthy controls.

Objective: To explore the use of digital biomarkers to distinguish healthy controls (HC) from subjects with a radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS).

Methods: We developed a smartphone application called MS Screen Test (MSST) to explore several dimensions of the neurological exam such as finger tapping speed, agility, hand synchronization, low contrast vision and cognition during a short evaluation. This app was tested on a cohort of healthy volunteers including a subset of subjects who underwent two evaluations on the same day to assess reproducibility.

Chondrocalcinosis of the Knee and the Risk of Osteoarthritis Progression: Data From the Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis Long-term Assessment Cohort.

Objective: To assess the impact of knee chondrocalcinosis (CC) on the 5-year risk of joint replacement and disease progression in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: Patients with symptomatic knee OA without previous total joint (knee or hip) replacement (TJR) were recruited from the Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis Long-term Assessment cohort. Cox proportional hazards regression and generalized estimating equation models were used to compare the time from inclusion or OA diagnosis to total knee replacement (TKR) or TJR between patients with and those without knee CC at inclusion.

Salt, inflammatory joint disease, and autoimmunity.

Salt is a vital nutrient. Excess salt intake, however, has recently been blamed for triggering and/or worsening certain autoimmune diseases. In vitro, the cells involved in innate and adaptive immune responses exhibit an inflammatory profile when placed in hypertonic saline.