Effect of Hydroxyethyl Starch vs Saline for Volume Replacement Therapy on Death or Postoperative Complications Among High-Risk Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery: The FLASH Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: It is not known if use of colloid solutions containing hydroxyethyl starch (HES) to correct for intravascular deficits in high-risk surgical patients is either effective or safe.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of HES 130/0.4 compared with 0.

Monitoring tissue perfusion: a pilot clinical feasibility and safety study of a urethral photoplethysmography-derived perfusion device in high-risk patients.

Continuous monitoring of tissue perfusion in patients with hemodynamic instability remains challenging because of the lack of tools available. Through using urethral photoplethysmography, the urethral perfusion index (uPI) could allow tissue perfusion monitoring through a modified urinary catheter. The first objective of our study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of the IKORUS UP (Advanced Perfusion Diagnostics, Villeurbanne, France), a new device in the field.

Assessment of blood enterovirus PCR testing in paediatric populations with fever without source, sepsis-like disease, or suspected meningitis: a prospective, multicentre, observational cohort study.

Background: Enteroviruses are the most frequent cause of acute meningitis and are seen increasingly in sepsis-like disease and fever without source in the paediatric population. Detection of enterovirus in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens by PCR is the gold standard diagnostic test. Our aim was to assess a method of detecting enterovirus in blood specimens by PCR.

POFA trial study protocol: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, controlled clinical trial comparing opioid-free versus opioid anaesthesia on postoperative opioid-related adverse events after major or intermediate non-cardiac surgery.

Introduction: Reducing opioid consumption during and after surgery has been recommended for more than 10 years. Opioid-free anaesthesia (OFA) is a multimodal anaesthesia associating hypnotics, NMDA antagonists, local anaesthetics, anti-inflammatory drugs and α-2 agonists. Proofs of the effect of OFA on reducing opioid-related adverse effects after major or intermediate non-cardiac surgery are still scarce.

Stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial to assess the effectiveness of an optimisation strategy for general anaesthesia on postoperative morbidity and mortality in elderly patients (the OPTI-AGED study): a study protocol.

Introduction: Elderly patients constitute an increasingly large proportion of the high-risk surgical group. In adult patients, several specific intraoperative approaches such as cardiac output-guided haemodynamic therapy, depth of anaesthesia monitoring (DAM) or lung-protective ventilation (LPV) are designed to reduce postoperative mortality and surgical complications. However, none of these approaches has been specifically performed in the elderly, and no evaluation of a multimodal optimisation strategy for general anaesthesia has been achieved in this population.

Effects of dexmedetomidine on delirium duration of non-intubated ICU patients (4D trial): study protocol for a randomized trial.

Background: Delirium during intensive care unit (ICU) stay is frequent and associated with significant morbidity, mortality and healthcare-related costs. International guidelines suggest its prevention. However, curative treatment remains unclearly established.

Feasibility and safety of low-flow extracorporeal CO removal managed with a renal replacement platform to enhance lung-protective ventilation of patients with mild-to-moderate ARDS.

Background: Extracorporeal carbon-dioxide removal (ECCOR) might allow ultraprotective mechanical ventilation with lower tidal volume (VT) (< 6 ml/kg predicted body weight), plateau pressure (P) (< 30 cmHO), and driving pressure to limit ventilator-induced lung injury. This study was undertaken to assess the feasibility and safety of ECCOR managed with a renal replacement therapy (RRT) platform to enable very low tidal volume ventilation of patients with mild-to-moderate acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Methods: Twenty patients with mild (n = 8) or moderate (n = 12) ARDS were included.

High frequency percussive ventilation increases alveolar recruitment in early acute respiratory distress syndrome: an experimental, physiological and CT scan study.

Background: High frequency percussive ventilation (HFPV) combines diffusive (high frequency mini-bursts) and convective ventilation patterns. Benefits include enhanced oxygenation and hemodynamics, and alveolar recruitment, while providing hypothetic lung-protective ventilation. No study has investigated HFPV-induced changes in lung aeration in patients with early acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Investigation of antioxidant systems in human meibomian gland and conjunctival tissues.

Oxidative stress (OS) associated with direct contact with the environment and light exposure is a very potent and continuous stressor of the ocular surface and internal structures of the eye that are required to manage its effects. Constant replenishment of tears together with the superficial lipid layer produced by the meibomian glands (MG) is one protective mechanism. The lipid-rich fraction of the tears coats the deeper aqueous fraction, preventing its evaporation.

Metabolic, synaptic and behavioral impact of 5-week chronic deep brain stimulation in hemiparkinsonian rats.

The long-term effects and action mechanisms of subthalamic nucleus (STN) high-frequency stimulation (HFS) for Parkinson's disease still remain poorly characterized, mainly due to the lack of experimental models relevant to clinical application. To address this issue, we performed a multilevel study in freely moving hemiparkinsonian rats undergoing 5-week chronic STN HFS, using a portable constant-current microstimulator. In vivo metabolic neuroimaging by (1) H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (11.

Determinants of hydroxychloroquine blood concentration variations in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective: Blood concentrations of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) vary widely among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship has been found in different situations, and a very low blood concentration of HCQ is a simple marker of nonadherence to treatment. Therefore, interest in blood HCQ concentration measurement has increased, but little is known about factors that influence blood HCQ concentration variability.

General trigeminospinal central sensitization and impaired descending pain inhibitory controls contribute to migraine progression.

Migraine is a chronic disease with episodic manifestations. In a subgroup, attack frequency increases over time, leading to chronic migraine. One of the most important risk factors for migraine progression is frequency of headache attacks at baseline.

Panitumumab combined with irinotecan for patients with KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer refractory to standard chemotherapy: a GERCOR efficacy, tolerance, and translational molecular study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the combination of panitumumab and irinotecan in patients with KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer refractory to standard chemotherapy (oxaliplatin, fluoropyrimidines-irinotecan and bevacizumab).

Patients And Methods: KRAS status was first determined locally but subsequent validation of KRAS status and additional screenings (rare KRAS, NRAS, BRAF mutations and EGFR copy number) were centrally assessed. Patients received panitumumab (6 mg/kg) and irinotecan (180 mg/m²) every 2 weeks.

Cutaneous amitriptyline in human volunteers: differential effects on the components of sensory information.

Background: Amitriptyline is effective in relieving neuropathic pain. Its site of action is thought to be supraspinal and spinal, but a peripheral effect on fibers is also suggested.

Methods: This double-blind study examined the effects of transcutaneous amitriptyline diluted in hydroalcoholic solution in healthy young male volunteers.