MRI and Molecular Characterization of Pediatric High-Grade Midline Thalamic Gliomas: The HERBY Phase II Trial.

Background Diffuse midline gliomas (DMG) are characterized by a high incidence of mutations and poorer outcome. The HERBY trial has provided one of the largest cohorts of pediatric DMGs with available radiologic, histologic-genotypic, and survival data. Purpose To define MRI and molecular characteristics of DMG.

Recruitment in a Pragmatic Randomized Trial on the Management of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms.

Objectives: The Comprehensive Aneurysm Management (CAM) study is a pragmatic trial designed to manage unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) patients within a care research framework.

Methods: CAM is an all-inclusive study. Management options are allocated according to an algorithm combining pre-randomization and clinical judgment.

Long-term anxiety in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage survivors.

Background: Although anxiety is common in several neurological conditions, it has been poorly investigated after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Aims: In consecutive ICH survivors, we assessed the long-term prevalence of anxiety and its clinical and radiological determinants.

Methods: Using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), we evaluated ICH survivors enrolled in the prospective, single-center Prognosis of Intracerebral Hemorrhage (PITCH) study.

Imaging Features with Histopathologic Correlation of CNS High-Grade Neuroepithelial Tumors with a Internal Tandem Duplication.

Background And Purpose: A new brain tumor entity occurring in early childhood characterized by a somatic corepressor gene internal tandem duplication was recently described. The aim of this study was to describe the radiologic pattern of these tumors and correlate this pattern with histopathologic findings.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective, noninterventional study included 10 children diagnosed with a CNS tumor, either by ribonucleic acid-sequencing analysis or deoxyribonucleic acid methylation analysis.

Psychological Impact of Exposure to the COVID-19 Sanitary Crisis on French Healthcare Workers: Risk Factors and Coping Strategies.

COVID-19 sanitary crisis is associated with emotional difficulties such as depression, anxiety and reactional post-traumatic symptoms among healthcare workers. Indeed, healthcare workers were particularly exposed to COVID-19 sanitary crisis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of exposure to COVID-19 sanitary crisis on affective symptoms (anxiety, post-traumatic stress, burnout) among French healthcare workers and the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies (positive re-evaluation and set in perspective) and coping strategies (active coping, planning, instrumental support, emotional support, emotional expression, positive reappraisal, acceptance, denial, blame, humor, religion, distraction, substance use, behavioral disengagement).

Noncontrast Computed Tomography Markers of Cerebral Hemorrhage Expansion: Diagnostic Accuracy Meta-Analysis.

Background And Purpose: Assess the diagnostic accuracy of noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) markers of hematoma expansion in patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage.

Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized controlled trials with available data for calculation of sensitivity and specificity of NCCT markers for hematoma expansion (absolute growth >6 or 12.5 mL and/or relative growth >33%).

[Opioids substitution therapy: A respect for the dignity of the human person].

The Opioid substitution treatment (OST) has been highly argumentative in ways that raise important ethical issues. The stigma in treating opioid addiction continues to be a major barrier to effective management plan. It prevents individuals from seeking treatment and is associated with poor mental and physical health.

Influence of prior intravenous thrombolysis on outcome after failed mechanical thrombectomy: ETIS registry analysis.

Background: Despite constant improvements in recent years, sufficient reperfusion after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is not reached in up to 15% of patients with large vessel occlusion stroke (LVOS). The outcome of patients with unsuccessful reperfusion after MT especially after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) use is not known. We investigated the influence of initial IVT in this particular group of patients with failed intracranial recanalization.

Association and epistatic analysis of white matter related genes across the continuum schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders: The joint effect of NRG1-ErbB genes.

Background: Schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSD) and Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders that share clinical, cognitive, and genetic characteristics, as well as particular white matter (WM) abnormalities. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of a set of oligodendrocyte/myelin-related (OMR) genes and their epistatic effect on the risk for SSD and ASD.

Methods: We examined 108 SNPs in a set of 22 OMR genes in 1749 subjects divided into three independent samples (187 SSD trios, 915 SSD cases/control, and 91 ASD trios).

Roadmap Consensus on Carotid Artery Plaque Imaging and Impact on Therapy Strategies and Guidelines: An International, Multispecialty, Expert Review and Position Statement.

Current guidelines for primary and secondary prevention of stroke in patients with carotid atherosclerosis are based on the quantification of the degree of stenosis and symptom status. Recent publications have demonstrated that plaque morphology and composition, independent of the degree of stenosis, are important in the risk stratification of carotid atherosclerotic disease. This finding raises the question as to whether current guidelines are adequate or if they should be updated with new evidence, including imaging for plaque phenotyping, risk stratification, and clinical decision-making in addition to the degree of stenosis.

Three artificial intelligence data challenges based on CT and ultrasound.

Purpose: The 2020 edition of these Data Challenges was organized by the French Society of Radiology (SFR), from September 28 to September 30, 2020. The goals were to propose innovative artificial intelligence solutions for the current relevant problems in radiology and to build a large database of multimodal medical images of ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) on these subjects from several French radiology centers.

Materials And Methods: This year the attempt was to create data challenge objectives in line with the clinical routine of radiologists, with less preprocessing of data and annotation, leaving a large part of the preprocessing task to the participating teams.

Douglas Altman's 2009 Grand Lecture: Can we trust our literature?

Recent studies of the medical literature have revealed numerous and serious problems. Errors in the design, methods and interpretation of studies can frequently be identified. A huge hidden problem is publication bias, the tendency for positive articles to be published, while negative articles are either not written or submitted.

An evaluation of the differences in paediatric skeletal trauma between fatal simple short falls and physical abuse blunt impact loads: An international multicentre pilot study.

In cases where a deceased child exhibits trauma as a result of a physical abuse blunt impact load, a parent/caregiver may provide a simple short fall (SSF) as the justification for that trauma. The skeletal fractures remain difficult to differentiate between a SSF and physical abuse however, as both are the result of a blunt impact load, and are therefore biomechanically alike, and the rare nature of these fatalities means only anecdotal research has been available to validate such claims. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate if there may be differences in the skeletal fracture patterns and types resulting from SSFs compared with those resulting from physical abuse blunt impacts.

Pharmacological treatment profiles in the FACE-BD cohort: Treatment description and complete data for bipolar subtypes.

In the current study, we provide the list of pharmacological interventions applied during the one-year follow-up period of the Pharmacological treatment profiles in the FACE-BD cohort study. These data show the treatments used in the new clusters formed in this previous study and also in usual bipolarity subtypes. The proportion of each treatment used during the follow-up was calculated.

Cognitive remediation and professional insertion of people with schizophrenia: RemedRehab, a randomized controlled trial.

Background: People suffering from schizophrenia cannot easily access employment in European countries. Different types of vocational programs coexist in France: supported employment, sheltered employment (ShE), and hybrid vocational programs. It is now acknowledged that the frequent cognitive impairments constitute a major obstacle to employment for people with schizophrenia.

Hematoma Expansion in Intracerebral Hemorrhage With Unclear Onset.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence, predictors, and prognostic effect of hematoma expansion (HE) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) with unclear symptom onset (USO).

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with primary spontaneous ICH admitted at 5 academic medical centers in the United States and Italy. HE (volume increase >6 mL or >33% from baseline to follow-up noncontrast CT [NCCT]) and mortality at 30 days were the outcomes of interest.

Pharmacological treatment profiles in the FACE-BD cohort: An unsupervised machine learning study, applied to a nationwide bipolar cohort.

Background: Despite thorough and validated clinical guidelines based on bipolar disorders subtypes, large pharmacological treatment heterogeneity remains in these patients. There is limited knowledge about the different treatment combinations used and their influence on patient outcomes. We attempted to determine profiles of patients based on their treatments and to understand the clinical characteristics associated with these treatment profiles.

Peak Width of Skeletonized Mean Diffusivity as Neuroimaging Biomarker in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy.

Background And Purpose: Whole-brain network connectivity has been shown to be a useful biomarker of cerebral amyloid angiopathy and related cognitive impairment. We evaluated an automated DTI-based method, peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity, in cerebral amyloid angiopathy, together with its association with conventional MRI markers and cognitive functions.

Materials And Methods: We included 24 subjects (mean age, 74.

[Analysis of interference criteria for the validation of a method file: HPS staining after fixation with zinc-formalin in comparison to fixation with the classical 4% buffered formalin solution].

Introduction: The department of neuropathology of Sainte-Anne Hospital uses zinc-formalin as the fixative agent for its samples. No publication referenced in Pubmed has proven the validity of this fixative agent. In the context of the accreditation of our standard staining (HPS for Hemalun-Phloxin-Saffron), we started a file for the validation of this method in which the fixative agent constitutes an « interfering » substance which can modify the quality of the technique.