Phase II study of temozolomide and topotecan (TOTEM) in children with relapsed or refractory extracranial and central nervous system tumors including medulloblastoma with post hoc Bayesian analysis: A European ITCC study.

Aim: To assess objective response after two cycles of temozolomide and topotecan (TOTEM) in children with refractory or relapsed miscellaneous extracranial solid and central nervous system (CNS) tumors, including medulloblastoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET).

Procedure: Multicenter, nonrandomized, phase 2 basket trial including children with solid tumors, completed by a one-stage design confirmatory cohort for medulloblastoma, and an exploratory cohort for PNET. Main eligibility criteria were refractory/relapsed measurable disease and no more than two prior treatment lines.

Ependymoma of the Spinal Cord in Children: A Retrospective French Study.

Background: Ependymoma is the most frequent spinal tumor in adults but it is rather uncommon in children. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively summarize the clinical and therapeutic experience in the treatment of pediatric spinal ependymomas in France.

Methods: In the present retrospective multicenter study, data from patients aged <18 years who had been treated from 2000 to 2010 for spinal ependymomas were collected.

[Use of botulinum toxin A in pelvic floor dysfunctions in the elderly: A review].

Introduction: The present article is the final report of a multi-disciplinary meeting supported by the GRAPPPA (group for research applied to pelvic floor dysfunctions in the elderly). The objective was to conduct a comprehensive review on the role of botulinum toxin A (BonTA) in the treatment of pelvic floor dysfunctions in the elderly.

Methods: The present article, written as a comprehensive review of the literature, combines data issued from the scientific literature with expert's opinions.

[Cardiovascular adverse effects of antimuscarinics used in the treatment of overactive bladder in the elderly : A review].

Aim: The aim of this study was to review the evidence regarding the cardiovascular effects of urinary anticholinergic drugs in the elderly.

Methods: A literature review was conducted in October 2017 using the Medline/Pubmed database limiting the search to works in English or French.

Results: In total, 602 articles between March 1964 and October 2017 have been reported, 60 studies were analyzed, 19 were prospective trials.

[Use of subcutaneous route for comfort care in neonatal palliative population: Systematic review and survey of practices in France].

Introduction: Subcutaneous hydration (hypodermoclysis) and drug administration is a widely used method of analgesic therapy in adult palliative care medicine. Very little is known about its use in neonatal medicine. Evidence-based guidelines do not exist due to a lack of data.

[An ophthalmologic diagnostic error leading to a rare systemic diagnosis: Erdheim-Chester disease].

Introduction: Erdheim-Chester disease is a rare systemic disease. The diagnosis is difficult due to significant clinical and morphological polymorphism. Orbital involvement is rare, but constitutes a classic means of detection.

[Is MRI monitoring useful in clinical practice in patients with multiple sclerosis? Yes].

The place of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the monitoring of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is not codified except during the diagnostic phase. Several studies in the literature have shown that lesion load measured on an MRI done at the beginning of the disease or its increase during the first years had a predictive value, although moderate, on the occurrence of long-term disability as measured by the EDSS. Early worsening of brain atrophy during the early stages of the disease is predictive of worsening cognitive impairment in the following years.

Phase II study of temozolomide in combination with topotecan (TOTEM) in relapsed or refractory neuroblastoma: a European Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer-SIOP-European Neuroblastoma study.

Purpose: To assess objective response rate (ORR) after two cycles of temozolomide in combination with topotecan (TOTEM) in children with refractory or relapsed neuroblastoma.

Patients And Methods: This multicenter, non-randomised, phase II study included children with neuroblastoma according to a two-stage Simon design. Eligibility criteria included relapsed or refractory, measurable or metaiodobenzylguanidine (mIBG) evaluable disease, no more than two lines of prior treatment.

Botulinum toxin treatment in neurological practice: how much does it really cost? A prospective cost-effectiveness study.

Botulinum toxin (BTA) is a safe and effective therapeutic tool for many neurological conditions but few studies have investigated its real cost in neurological practice. We evaluated the daily cost of botulinum toxin type A (BTA) treatment through a cost effectiveness analysis alongside a prospective study of BTA injections at a French University Hospital over a 2-year follow-up period. The data of 3,108 BTA injections performed in 870 adult patients presenting with dystonia, facial hemispasm, or spasticity were entered in the database.

[Sequential use of cervical length measurement before fetal fibronectin detection to predict spontaneous preterm delivery in women with preterm labor].

Objective: To test a sequential test with fetal fibronectin detection after ultrasound measurement of cervical length to predict preterm delivery in women with preterm labor.

Study Design: Descriptive retrospective study on 111 women hospitalised for preterm labor between 24 and 34 weeks and six days of gestation. The primary outcomes were preterm delivery before 34 or 37 weeks of gestation or within seven or 14 days.

Anterior approach to the cervicothoracic junction without sternotomy: a report of 37 cases.

Study Design: Description of a new anterior approach to the cervicothoracic junction and retrospective study of results.

Objective: To propose a less invasive anterior approach and report the preliminary results of this technique.

Summary Of Background Data: Different partial sternotomies with or without associated clavicular resection have been proposed but expose patients to the risk of pseudarthrosis.

Use of intraoperative monitoring of somatosensory evoked potentials to prevent ischaemic stroke after surgical exclusion of middle cerebral artery aneurysms.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the value of monitoring somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) in the prevention of ischaemic stroke occurring during surgical exclusion of middle cerebral artery aneurysms.

Methods: SEP monitoring was performed during the surgical exclusion of 131 aneurysms in 122 patients. All SEP variations over 30% were notified to the surgeon and those over 50% were considered as highly significant.

[Fecal elastase-1: a useful test in pediatric practice].

Aim: To study fecal elastase-1 (E1F) and chymotrypsin (ChT) in stools for the diagnosis of pancreatic insufficiency in pediatric practice.

Materials And Methods: E1F and ChT were measured in stools of 198 children divided in 3 groups: 49 children without any digestive disease (group A), 71 children with pancreatic diseases (group B), and 78 children with non-pancreatic digestive diseases (group C).

Results: In group B, E1F values were very low in 64 children and normal in 7 children without pancreatic insufficiency (6 children with cystic fibrosis and 1 with chronic pancreatitis).

Pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a necessary link between phenomenology, neuropsychology, imagery and physiology.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by repetitive intrusive thoughts and compulsive time-consuming behaviors classified into three to five distinct symptom dimensions including: (1) aggressive/somatic obsessions with checking compulsions; (2) contamination concerns with washing compulsions; (3) symmetry obsessions with counting/ordering compulsions; (4) hoarding obsessions with collecting compulsions; and (5) sexual/religious concerns. Phenomenologically, OCD could be thought of as the irruption of internal signals centered on the erroneous perception that "something is wrong" in a specific situation. This generates severe anxiety, leading to recurrent behaviors aimed at reducing the emotional tension.

[Idiopathic epilepsy in the child].

Study of idiopathic epilepsy in childhood can distinguish various syndromes on the basis of clinical and electroencephalographic criteria. There is much overlapping between the syndromes described. The aim of the classification is to define precisely the prognosis of each disorder and to approach treatment effectively and safely, avoiding aggravation of a condition by poorly adapted prescription.

Systematic detection of mycoplasmas by culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedures in 209 synovial fluid samples.

The objective was to investigate the presence of mycoplasmas in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other chronic arthritides. Samples of synovial fluid (SF) were systematically collected from all patients presenting with an articular effusion. Each sample was divided into three parts.

[Melanoma of soft tissues].

Introduction: Soft tissue melanoma was described in 1965 by Enzinger who used the term clear-cell sarcoma. In 1983, Chung and Enzinger coined the term soft tissue melanoma due to the immunohistochemical similarity with melanoma. We report a case of this rare type of melanoma.

[Common fibular nerve lesions. Etiology and treatment. Apropos of 146 cases with surgical treatment].

Purpose Of The Study: Common peroneal nerve lesion on the lateral aspect of the knee is one of the most frequent neurologic injury of the lower limb. We reported the results of surgical procedure for each etiological group.

Material And Methods: In the peroneal nerve entrapment group, we individualised 62 fibular tunnel syndroms (55 idiopathic, 4 postural, 3 dynamic), and 16 external compression.

[Placement technique of a permanent urethral endoprosthesis].

By taking into account the properties of this stent, which must eventually become completely epithelialized, it is important to clearly define its length so that its proximal and distal ends lie in healthy mucosa and the stricture must be dilated to allow maximum expansion of the stent. On the other hand, due to the severity of periurethral fibrosis, which can advance through the stent, this solution is contraindicated in the case of posttraumatic stricture or recurrence after urethroplasty. Apart from these contraindications, this is a rapid, sophisticated and effective procedure for which the current data of the literature are convincing.