Serum Biomarker Profiles Discriminate AQP4 Seropositive and Double Seronegative Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.

Background And Objectives: Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) serum levels are useful to define disease activity in different neurologic conditions. These biomarkers are increased in patients with aquaporin-4 antibody-positive NMOSD (AQP4+NMOSD) during clinical attacks suggesting a concomitant axonal and glial damage. However, there are contradictory results in double seronegative NMOSD (DS-NMOSD).

Epidemiological features of ophthalmic emergencies during the COVID-19 lockdown: Impact of the health crisis in a tertiary care center.

Purpose: The goal of this study is to examine changing patterns of ophthalmic visits in an emergency eye care unit of a tertiary referral center in Paris, France, during the Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic compared to a control period.

Materials And Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, observational, epidemiological study. We included all visits in the emergency eye care unit of the Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Center, Paris, France, from March 17, 2020 to April 30, 2020, and a corresponding time period in 2016.

A Rare Case of Didanosine-Induced Mid-Peripheral Chorioretinal Atrophy Identified Incidentally 11 Years after the Drug Cessation.

This article aims to describe a unique case of didanosine-induced retinal degeneration that was discovered 11 years after the drug withdrawal. The patient is a 42-year-old woman with a medical history of HIV and hepatitis C virus since 2004. She has been prescribed antiretroviral therapy since then.

Atypical Case of MOG Antibody-Associated Optic Neuritis with Roth Spots.

Purpose: To report an atypical case of MOG antibody-associated optic neuritis with Roth spots and widespread retinal hemorrhages.

Case Report: A 49-year-old woman complained of 1 week history painful visual loss in the left eye. Funduscopy exam showed a severe optic disc edema associated with multiple peripapillar hemorrhages, peripheral retinal hemorrhages and Roth spots in the left eye.

Indocyanine Green Angiography Features in Acute Syphilitic Posterior Placoid Chorioretinitis.

Purpose: Acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis (ASPPC) is a rare clinical manifestation of ocular syphilis. The cause of the placoid lesion is still up for debate but could be caused by an impaired choriocapillaris perfusion. However, less attention has been paid to the hypofluorescence of the plaque on late-phase indocyanine green angiography (ICGA).

[Artificial intelligence and glaucoma: A literature review].

In recent years, research in artificial intelligence (AI) has experienced an unprecedented surge in the field of ophthalmology, in particular glaucoma. The diagnosis and follow-up of glaucoma is complex and relies on a body of clinical evidence and ancillary tests. This large amount of information from structural and functional testing of the optic nerve and macula makes glaucoma a particularly appropriate field for the application of AI.

Type one macular neovascularization in central serous chorioretinopathy: Short-term response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the short-term effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment on type 1 macular neovascularization (MNV) secondary to central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) and to identify potential predictive factors for treatment response using multimodal imaging.

Methods: Retrospective, multicentre study in CSCR patients with MNV detected by OCT-angiography and treated with anti-VEGF injections. Clinical and multimodal imaging data before and after anti-VEGF injections was reviewed.

Didanosine-induced Retinopathy: New Insights with Long-term Follow-up.

Introduction: Didanosine is an adenosine analog, part of the nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor family. Since the description of didanosine-induced retinopathy in the early 1990s, little is known about the progression of this toxic retinopathy and the putative underlying mitochondrial defect.

Objectives: We report long-term follow-up for cases of didanosine-induced retinopathy and discuss a new hypothesis for pathophysiology based on the alteration of endogenous adenosine on the photoreceptor outer segment turnover and phagocytosis by the retinal pigment epithelium.

Review of the Current Literature and Our Experience on the Value of OCT-angiography in White Dot Syndromes.

Purpose: To describe the application of OCT-A in various posterior uveitis disorders in our experience and to compare it with the available literature.

Methods: Eighteen eyes with the diagnoses of multifocal choroiditis (MFC), multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE), multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS), tuberculous serpiginous-like choroiditis (SLC), serpiginous choroiditis (SC), and birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR) were studied.

Results: We found flow void of the choriocapillaris in patients with APMPPE, SC, MFC, BSCR, and in SLC.

Association of Anterior Uveitis With Acute Zika Virus Infection in Adults.

Importance: Acute anterior uveitis has been reported to be associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in case reports and retrospective studies based on systemic clinical signs of ZIKV and positive serologic tests.

Objective: To describe the ophthalmic findings associated with systemic ZIKV infection during the 2016 ZIKV outbreak in Guadeloupe in the French West Indies.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study assessed adult patients with red eye and virologic or serologic confirmation of acute ZIKV infection who were admitted to the Pointe-à-Pitre University Hospital from January 1, 2016, to January 1, 2017, for a systematic ophthalmologic examination.

TREATMENT OF SUBRETINAL PERFLUOROCARBON LIQUID BUBBLES COMPLICATING RETINAL DETACHMENT SURGERY USING AIR FOR DRAINAGE.

Purpose: The authors describe an original technique for treating multiple subretinal perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) bubbles complicating previous surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Methods: To facilitate the induction of macular redetachment and peripheral displacement of the PFCL bubbles, we performed the subretinal injection of filtered air in addition to balanced salt solution. In this setting, the action of the PFCL in the vitreous cavity, combined with globe manipulation, allowed bubbles' displacement and full aspiration.

Antagonist of nucleolin, N6L, inhibits neovascularization in mouse models of retinopathies.

Retinal vascular diseases (RVD) have been identified as a major cause of blindness worldwide. These pathologies, including the wet form of age-related macular degeneration, retinopathy of prematurity, and diabetic retinopathy are currently treated by intravitreal delivery of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents. However, repeated intravitreal injections can lead to ocular complications and resistance to these treatments.

HAIR DYE-INDUCED RETINOPATHY MIMICKING MEK-INHIBITOR RETINOPATHY.

Purpose: To report a new toxic retinopathy related to the use of hair dye.

Methods: Case reports of three patients with follow-up after exposure and until resolution.

Results: There were three middle-aged women (32-66 year old) all of whom had bilateral moderate to severe vision loss and normal slit-lamp examination at presentation.

[Boston Keratoprosthesis with temporal aponeurosis graft: A solution when there seems to be no more].

Purpose: To report cases of patients with severe bilateral corneal blindness and recurrent refractory perforation to keratoplasty and conventional treatment, for whom Boston keratoprosthesis (KP) was a satisfactory alternative when combined with a temporalis aponeurosis graft.

Description Of Cases: The first patient had progressive Lyell syndrome with spontaneous corneal perforation. The second had a severe graft vs.

Predictive Factors of Response to Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists in Nonresolving Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy and safety of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) in the treatment of nonresolving central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and to identify factors that are predictive of treatment response.

Design: Retrospective, multicenter, noncomparative, interventional case series.

Methods: Clinical and imaging data from consecutive patients with nonresolving CSC treated with eplerenone or spironolactone for 3 to 6 months between 2012 and 2016 were reviewed.

[Ocular tuberculosis].

Despite extensive investigations, including the use of Interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA), the diagnosis of intraocular tuberculosis (TB) remains challenging. Ocular evidence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in low endemic countries for TB is extremely rare, leading mostly to a TB-related ocular inflammation presumptive diagnosis. This present work aims: to highlights the main clinical patterns suggestive of ocular TB; and the latest recommended guidelines for diagnosing ocular TB to clarify interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) contribution and accuracy to the management of intraocular TB and its diagnosis, in addition to other available diagnostic tools, such as tuberculin skin test, bacteriologic and histologic analysis from intra/extra ocular sample and radiographic investigations; to define the accuracy of these diagnostic tools according to the endemic TB prevalence; and finally to identify therapeutic strategies adapted to the main clinical presentations of ocular TB.

OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY OF FLAT IRREGULAR PIGMENT EPITHELIUM DETACHMENT IN CHRONIC CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY.

Purpose: To assess the rate of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) detected by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in flat irregular pigment epithelium detachment (PED) in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy.

Methods: Data on all consecutive patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy who underwent OCTA over a 1-year period were reviewed. The presence of flat irregular PED, which was defined as an irregular elevation of the retinal pigment epithelium allowing the visualization of a distinct Bruch's membrane was assessed on high-resolution OCT B-scan.