Intersociety Position Statement on the Prevention of Ophthalmia Neonatorum in Italy.

There is currently no worldwide agreement on the real need to administer conjunctival antibiotics to neonates at birth to prevent neonatal conjunctivitis (usually defined as ophthalmia neonatorum) by and . Therefore, there is wide variability in antibiotic administration, conditioned mainly by the social and health context. In Italy, a law enacted in 1940 required doctors and midwives to administer ophthalmic prophylaxis with 2% silver nitrate to all newborns at birth.

Antibiotic prophylaxis for ophthalmia neonatorum in Italy: results from a national survey and the Italian intersociety new position statements.

Background: Ophthalmia neonatorum is an acute conjunctivitis that occurs in newborns within the first month of life. The most serious infections are due to Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, that may cause permanent damages. The use of ophthalmic prophylaxis varies widely around the world, according to the different health and socio-economic contexts.

A bicentric cohort study comparing umbilical cord and neonatal blood samples for chemistry tests at birth.

Objectives: To compare umbilical cord and neonatal blood for chemistry tests upon admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Methods: We designed a prospective, bicentric cohort study enrolling newborns (n = 71) with a planned admission to the NICU. Paired samples of umbilical cord and infant's blood were collected, analyzed, and compared.

Recommendations of the Netzwerk Kindersimulation for the Implementation of Simulation-Based Pediatric Team Trainings: A Delphi Process.

Background: Serious or life-threatening pediatric emergencies are rare. Patient outcomes largely depend on excellent teamwork and require regular simulation-based team training. Recommendations for pediatric simulation-based education are scarce.

Cannabidiol use in patients with Dravet syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: experts' opinions using a nominal group technique (NGT) approach.

Background: Dravet syndrome (DS) and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) currently present a therapeutic challenge. A pharmaceutical cannabidiol (CBD) specialty (Epidyolex®) has been approved by the FDA and EMA for the treatment of seizures in these syndromes. However, in Italy, the use of galenic formulations versus the pharmaceutical CBD has not been clearly regulated.

"CHildren with Inherited Platelet disorders Surveillance" (CHIPS) retrospective and prospective observational cohort study by Italian Association of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (AIEOP).

Background: Inherited thrombocytopenias (ITs) are rare congenital bleeding disorders characterized by different clinical expression and variable prognosis. ITs are poorly known by clinicians and often misdiagnosed with most common forms of thrombocytopenia.

Material And Methods: "CHildren with Inherited Platelet disorders Surveillance" study (CHIPS) is a retrospective - prospective observational cohort study conducted between January 2003 and January 2022 in 17 centers affiliated to the Italian Association of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (AIEOP).

Increase of Parkin and ATG5 plasmatic levels following perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Brain injury at birth is an important cause of neurological and behavioral disorders. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a critical cerebral event occurring acutely or chronically at birth with high mortality and morbidity in newborns. Therapeutic strategies for the prevention of brain damage are still unknown, and the only medical intervention for newborns with moderate-to-severe HIE is therapeutic hypothermia (TH).

Lamina cribrosa perforation during nasotracheal intubation in neonates: case series and review of the literature.

Intracranial penetration during attempted nasotracheal intubation is a potentially devastating complication, which should be carefully evaluated and the risk should be addressed in neonatal resuscitation trainings.

Furosemide use in Italian neonatal intensive care units: a national survey.

Background: Furosemide is approved in full term neonates to treat edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis and renal diseases. It is often administered off-label in premature neonates, to treat respiratory conditions and at doses greater-than-recommended. We conducted a national survey on behalf of the Neonatal Pharmacotherapy Study Group of the Italian Society of Neonatology (SIN), to investigate its use in Italian neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), in conformity with current guidelines.

Use of impregnated catheters to decrease colonization rates in neonates - A randomized controlled pilot trial.

Objective: Nosocomial infections increase mortality and morbidity in preterm infants. Central venous line colonization is a major risk factor for the development of such infections. In adults and children, antibiotic and antimycotic impregnated catheters have been demonstrated to reduce colonization.

Decision making and situational awareness in neonatal resuscitation in low resource settings.

Introduction: Data on non-technical skills (i.e. task management, team working, situation awareness and decision-making) of healthcare providers during real-life newborn resuscitation in low-resource settings are lacking.

Status Quo in Pediatric and Neonatal Simulation in Four Central European Regions: The DACHS Survey.

Introduction: Simulation has acquired wide acceptance as an important component of education in health care and as a key tool to increase patient safety. This study aimed at identifying to what extent and how pediatric and neonatal simulation-based training (SBT) was being carried out in four Central European regions.

Methods: We surveyed all pediatric and neonatal health care institutions in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and South Tyrol on their current state of SBT using an online questionnaire.

Reconstruction of large rectangular infraorbital and malar skin defects in elderly patients with a modified "reading man flap" using local tumescent anesthesia.

Background: The classical "reading man flap" is a recently described flap named after its appearance and mainly used for reconstruction of circular malar or infraorbital skin defects. It avoids surgical complications such as lower lid retraction and ectropion but is limited to circular skin defects. Local tumescent anesthesia uses a diluted local anesthetic together with diluted epinephrine to anesthetize large skin areas without the need for general anesthesia.

Premature newborns with fatal intrauterine herpes simplex virus-1 infection: first report of twins and review of the literature.

Background: Neonates with blistering skin diseases are dermatologic emergencies. The pathologies involved can pose diagnostic difficulties and there exists a variety of potential life-threatening differential diagnoses.

Objective: description of the first case of intrauterine acquired herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 infection in twins.