Stereoselective transition metal-catalyzed [(2+2)+1] and [(2+2)+2] carbocyclization reactions using 1,6-enynes with 1,1-disubstituted olefins: construction of quaternary centers.

Transition metal-catalyzed carbocyclization reactions provide a powerful method for the stereoselective assembly of complex, highly substituted (poly)cyclic scaffolds. Although 1,6-enynes are common substrates for these transformations, using polysubstituted alkene derivatives to construct functionalized cyclic products remains challenging due to their significantly lower reactivity. This highlights key developments in stereoselective semi-intramolecular metal-catalyzed [(2+2)+1] and [(2+2)+2] carbocyclizations of 1,6-enynes containing 1,1-disubstituted alkenes, which produce cycloadducts with quaternary stereogenic centers.

Clinical effectiveness and safety of Camrelizumab immunotherapy in treating advanced esophageal carcinoma.

Objective: To analyze the clinical effectiveness and safety of Camrelizumab immunotherapy in patients with advanced esophageal carcinoma (aEC).

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 142 aEC cases admitted between May 2020 to October 2022. The patients who received albumin-bound paclitaxel (ALB-bound PTX) and cis-platinum (DDP) were grouped into the control group (n=72), and the others received Camrelizumab immunotherapy in combination with ALB-bound PTX and DDP were grouped in to the research group (n=72).

High-fidelity imaging of a tumour-associated lysosomal enzyme with an acceptor engineering-boosted near-infrared fluorescent probe.

To facilitate the understanding of the dynamic distribution and activity of lysosomal enzymes, it is highly desirable to develop high-fidelity near-infrared (NIR) activatable fluorescent probes. Here, we propose a general acceptor engineering strategy to construct NIR probes with lysosome-targeting capability. Upon isosteric replacement and additional functionalization, the β-gal-activatable probe OELyso-Gal exhibited excellent lysosome-targeting capability and favorable responsive performance to the enzyme of interest.

Catalytic asymmetric carbenoid α-C-H insertion of ether.

Significant advancements have been made in catalytic asymmetric α-C-H bond functionalization of ethers carbenoid insertion over the past decade. Effective asymmetric catalytic systems, featuring a range of chiral metal catalysts, have been established for the enantioselective synthesis of diverse ether substrates. This has led to the generation of various enantioenriched, highly functionalized oxygen-containing structural motifs, facilitating their application in the asymmetric synthesis of bioactive natural products.

Carcinogen-induced super-enhancer RNA promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis through NPM1/c-Myc/NDRG1 axis.

Chemical carcinogen is one etiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) occurrence, N,N'-Dinitrosopiperazine (DNP) has been verified to cause NPC cell metastasis and generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). To investigate the oncogenic mechanism of DNP, NPC cells were exposed to DNP, and subjected to RNA-seq, GRO-seq, ChIP-seq, and data analysis. The results showed that the super-enhancer RNA (seRNA) participates in DNP-mediated NPC metastasis through regulating N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1).

Correlation analysis of the expression of mesenchymal circulating tumor cells and CD133 with the prognosis of colorectal cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the expression of tumor stem cell marker CD133 in peripheral blood circulating tumor cells (CTC) and the value of CD133 in prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: Preoperative/pre-chemotherapy peripheral blood samples of 63 patients with CRC from January 2016 to January 2021 were selected to detect peripheral blood CTC by CanPatrol CTC enrichment technology. Expression of CD133 in different epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) typing CTC was analyzed.

Immune cells regulate matrix metalloproteinases to reshape the tumor microenvironment to affect the invasion, migration, and metastasis of pancreatic cancer.

This study aimed to identify author, country, institutional, and journal collaborations and assess their impact, along with knowledge base, as well as identify existing trends, and uncover emerging topics related to matrix metalloproteinase and pancreatic-cancer research. A total of 1474 Articles and reviews were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection and analyzed by Citespace and Vosviewer. CANCER RESEARCH, CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH, and FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY are the most influential journals.

Ferroptosis synergistically sensitizes wee1 inhibitors: a bibliometric study.

Synthetic lethality (SL) is a lethal phenomenon with an important role in cancer treatment. This study was conducted to analyze the hotspots and frontiers in SL research. The Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) was used to identify the 100 top-cited articles related to SL research.

Identification of cuproptosis-related long non-coding ribonucleic acid signature as a novel prognosis model for colon cancer.

Cuproptosis is a novel type of cell death that may play a vital role in preventing various types of cancer. Studies examining cuproptosis are limited, and the cuproptosis-related lncRNAs (long non-Coding ribonucleic acids) involved in the regulation of colon cancer remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the prognostic signature of cupronosis-related lncRNAs and explore their potential molecular functions in colon cancer.

Dearomative -diprenylation of hydroxynaphthalenes by an engineered fungal prenyltransferase.

Prenylation usually improves structural diversity and bioactivity in natural products. Unlike the discovered enzymatic -diprenylation of mono- and tri-cyclic aromatic systems, the enzymatic approach for -diprenylation of bi-cyclic hydroxynaphthalenes is new to science. Here we report an enzymatic example for dearomative C4 -diprenylation of α-hydroxynaphthalenes, by the F253G mutant of a fungal prenyltransferase CdpC3PT.

Cell-free fat extract protects septic lethality via restraining NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Background: Sepsis is a dysregulated host response to infection with high mortality and current management cannot reach optimal remission. Previous studies have shown that cell-free fat extract (CEFFE) is a kind of bioactive extraction from adipose tissues and exhibits a potent anti-inflammatory effect on wound healing and inflammatory diseases. However, the potential role of CEFFE in sepsis remains unclear.

An inflammatory response-related gene signature associated with immune status and prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia.

Objective: To determine the prognostic significance of inflammatory response-associated genes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Methods: Transcriptomic profiles and related clinical information of AML patients were acquired from a public database. To establish a multi-gene prognosis signature, we performed least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox analysis for the TCGA cohort and evaluated the ICGC cohort for verification.

Immunological significance of prognostic markers for breast cancer based on alternative splicing.

Objectives: Breast cancer (BC) currently has the highest incidence rate. Epigenetic regulation could alter gene expression and is closely related to BC initiation. This study aimed to develop an alternative splicing (AS)-based prognostic signature and clarify its relevance to the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) status and immunotherapy of BC.

Recent applications of solid-phase strategy in total synthesis of antibiotics.

Antibiotics produced by soil microorganisms have been widespread and have cured the most prevalent diseases since 1940s. However, recent bacterial resistance to existing antibacterial drugs is causing a public health crisis. The structure-activity relationship of antibiotics needs to be established to search for existing antibiotics-based next-generation drug candidates that can conquer the challenge of bacterial resistance preparedness, which relies on the development of highly efficient total synthesis strategies.

Synthesis and antioxidant activities of berberine 9--benzoic acid derivatives.

Although berberine (BBR) shows antioxidant activity, its activity is limited. We synthesized 9--benzoic acid berberine derivatives, and their antioxidant activities were screened ABTS, DPPH, HOSC and FRAP assays. The -position was modified with halogen elements on the benzoic acid ring, which led to an enhanced antioxidant activity and the substituent on the -position was found to be better than the -position.

Construction of a lysosome-targetable ratiometric fluorescent probe for HO tracing and imaging in living cells and an inflamed model.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO), an important reactive oxygen species (ROS) with unique destructive oxidation properties, can be produced in lysosomes to fight off pathogens. Although many fluorescent probes have been developed for the detection and imaging of HO, the development of a ratiometric fluorescent probe for HO detection and imaging in lysosomes and an inflammation model remains rather scarce. Therefore, it is important to develop an efficient tool for monitoring HO in inflamed tissues to evaluate the physiological and pathological relationship between inflammation and lysosomal HO.

Decompressive craniectomy can improve the recovery of neurological function, daily living ability and life quality of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage after surgery.

Objective: To determine the effect of decompressive craniectomy (DC) on the recovery of neurological function, daily living ability and life quality of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) after surgery.

Methods: Totally 290 patients with ICH admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to June 2020 were retrospectively enrolled and assigned to two groups according to different surgical methods. Among them, 138 patients who received craniotomy evacuation of hematoma (CEH) only were assigned to a control group (Con group), while the other 152 who received CEH combined with DC to a research group (Res group).

The role of alternative splicing in human cancer progression.

In eukaryotes, alternative splicing refers to a process via which a single precursor RNA (pre-RNA) is transcribed into different mature RNAs. Thus, alternative splicing enables the translation of a limited number of coding genes into a large number of proteins with different functions. Although, alternative splicing is common in normal cells, it also plays an important role in cancer development.

Facile synthesis of multi-functional nano-composites by precise loading of Cu onto MgO nano-particles for enhanced osteoblast differentiation, inhibited osteoclast formation and effective bacterial killing.

Biomaterials with multi-functions including enhancing osteogenesis, inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and effectively removing bacteria are urgently needed in the treatment of osteoporotic bone defects. In this study, MgO nano-particles were employed as a platform for precise Cu loading. By immersing MgO into CuSO solution with a pre-defined concentration (0.

Erratum: Use of whole-exome sequencing to identify a novel ADCY10 mutation in a patient with nephrolithiasis.

[This corrects the article on p. 4576 in vol. 12, PMID: 32913531.

Long non-coding RNA FOXD1-AS1 promotes the progression and glycolysis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by sustaining FOXD1 expression.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a vital role in the progression of several cancers, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the mechanism of lncRNA involvement in the progression of NPC remains to be elucidated. Hence, we conducted in vivo and in vitro experiments to determine the molecular mechanism of FOXD1-AS1.

The biogenesis and roles of extrachromosomal oncogene involved in carcinogenesis and evolution.

More and more extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) was found in human tumor cells in recent years, which has a high copy number in tumors and changes the expression of oncogenes, thus different from normal chromosomal DNA. These circular structures were identified to originate from chromosomes, and play critical roles in rapid carcinogenesis, tumor evolution and multidrug resistance. Therefore, this review mostly focuses on the biogenesis and regulation of extrachromosomal oncogene in ecDNA as well as its function and mechanism in tumors, which are of great significance for our comprehensive understanding of the role of ecDNA in tumor carcinogenic mechanism and are expected to provide ecDNA with the potential to be a new molecular target for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors.

Biphasic Regulation of Mesenchymal Genes Controls Fate Switches During Hematopoietic Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) or its reverse process mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) occurs in multiple physiological and pathological processes. However, whether an entire EMT-MET process exists and the potential function during human hematopoiesis remain largely elusive. Utilizing human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-based systems, it is discovered that while EMT occurs at the onset of human hematopoietic differentiation, MET is not detected subsequently during differentiation.

SiRNA targeting PFK1 inhibits proliferation and migration and enhances radiosensitivity by suppressing glycolysis in colorectal cancer.

Purpose: This study explored the effects of phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK1) on the radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer (CRC) in vivo and in vitro and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Tissue samples from 48 patients with rectal cancer who had received neoadjuvant radiotherapy followed by surgery were analyzed. The expression of PFK1 in tissue samples was semi-quantitated by immunohistochemistry, and its relationship with clinicopathological features was analyzed.

Mechanisms of metformin inhibiting cancer invasion and migration.

Cancer currently ranks among the leading causes of death globally. Cancer invasion and metastasis transform locally grown cancers to a systemic and life-threatening disease, which accounts for the most significant challenge in cancer treatment. Recent studies showed that Metformin, the most commonly used first-line oral drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), could prevent and treat various cancers.