Focus on mechano-immunology: new direction in cancer treatment.

The immune response is modulated by a diverse array of signals within the tissue microenvironment, encompassing biochemical factors, mechanical forces, and pressures from adjacent tissues. Furthermore, the extracellular matrix and its constituents significantly influence the function of immune cells. In the case of carcinogenesis, changes in the biophysical properties of tissues can impact the mechanical signals received by immune cells, and these signals can be translated into biochemical signals through mechano-transduction pathways.

Artificial Intelligence Predicts Multiclass Molecular Signatures and Subtypes Directly From Breast Cancer Histology: a Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Detection of biomarkers of breast cancer incurs additional costs and tissue burden. We propose a deep learning-based algorithm (BBMIL) to predict classical biomarkers, immunotherapy-associated gene signatures, and prognosis-associated subtypes directly from hematoxylin and eosin stained histopathology images. BBMIL showed the best performance among comparative algorithms on the prediction of classical biomarkers, immunotherapy related gene signatures, and subtypes.

Isolation and identification of a novel strain JIN4 and its potential for biocontrol of kiwifruit bacterial canker caused by pv. .

Bacterial canker is a devastating disease in kiwifruit production, primarily caused by pv. . In this study, a strain of named JIN4, isolated from a kiwifruit branch, showed antagonistic activity.

Nevus of Hori in African patients: an entity that is most likely underdiagnosed in clinical practice.

Background: Nevus of Hori (HN) has been primarily reported in patients of Eastern Asian descent, with a paucity of data regarding HN occurring in African patients. In this study, we report on South African patients with HN initially thought to have melasma.

Objective: To characterize the histopathological and clinical phenotypes of HN in African patients.

Basis of single-seed formation in chestnut: cytomorphological observations reveal ovule developmental patterns of .

Background: Many plants, including those commonly found in the Fagaceae family, produce more flowers and ovules than mature fruits and seeds. In , an ovary contains 16-24 ovules, but only one develops into a seed. The other ovules abort or otherwise fail to fully develop, but the reason for this is unknown.

Efficacy of combined surgery and pembrolizumab for the treatment of pulmonary large cell carcinoma: a case report.

Pulmonary large cell carcinoma (LCC) is a rare and aggressive subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with poor prognosis. Surgical resection remains the cornerstone of treatment for resectable LCC; however, its efficacy is limited in advanced stages, necessitating adjuvant therapies to reduce postoperative recurrence risk. Recent advances in immunotherapy have shown promising survival benefits.

Prevalence of meconium-stained amniotic fluid and factors associated with emergency cesarean section: multicenter cross-sectional study in south central Ethiopia.

Background: Meconium is thick black-green fetal intestinal content starting from the early first trimester of gestation. Unfortunately, if it is released into the amniotic cavity due to any cause, it can be associated with neonatal mortality and morbidity.

Objective: To identify the factors associated with meconium-stained amniotic fluid among mothers undergoing emergency cesarean section in specialized hospitals cross-sectional study in south central Ethiopia from August 1, 2022, to 30, October 2022.

Aberrant controllability of functional connectome during working memory tasks in patients with schizophrenia and unaffected siblings.

Background: Working memory deficit, a key feature of schizophrenia, is a heritable trait shared with unaffected siblings. It can be attributed to dysregulation in transitions from one brain state to another.

Aims: Using network control theory, we evaluate if defective brain state transitions underlie working memory deficits in schizophrenia.

Effect of ketamine on anxiety: findings from the Ketamine for Adult Depression Study.

Background: Anxiety disorders and treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (TRD) are often comorbid. Studies suggest ketamine has anxiolytic and antidepressant properties.

Aims: To investigate if subcutaneous racemic ketamine, delivered twice weekly for 4 weeks, reduces anxiety in people with TRD.

Comparison of en-bloc direct vertebrae rotation and non-direct vertebrae rotation for the correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis Lenke 5C: a retrospective study in Changsha, China.

Study Design: A retrospective study.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the clinical effectiveness of en-bloc direct vertebrae rotation (DVR) to non-DVR for the correction of Lenke 5C.

Overview Of Literature: The primary goal of posterior correction is to preserve the lumbar spine and achieve a well-balanced spine.

Polymers for mRNA Delivery.

mRNA delivery has emerged as a transformative approach in biotechnology and medicine, offering a versatile platform for the development of novel therapeutics. Unlike traditional small molecule drugs or protein-based biologics, mRNA therapeutics have the unique ability to direct cells to generate therapeutic proteins, allowing for precise modulation of biological processes. The delivery of mRNA into target cells is a critical step in realizing the therapeutic potential of this technology.

Association of live microbes intake and risk of all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer-related mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent chronic, non-communicable disease. The long-term health effects of dietary live microbes, primarily probiotics, on CKD patients remain insufficiently understood. This study aims to investigate the association between dietary intake of live microbes and long-term health outcomes among individuals with CKD.

G9a an Epigenetic Therapeutic Strategy for Neurodegenerative Conditions: From Target Discovery to Clinical Trials.

This review provides a comprehensive overview of the role of G9a/EHMT2, focusing on its structure and exploring the impact of its pharmacological and/or gene inhibition in various neurological diseases. In addition, we delve into the advancements in the design and synthesis of G9a/EHMT2 inhibitors, which hold promise not only as a treatment for neurodegeneration diseases but also for other conditions, such as cancer and malaria. Besides, we presented the discovery of dual therapeutic approaches based on G9a inhibition and different epigenetic enzymes like histone deacetylases, DNA methyltransferases, and other lysine methyltransferases.

Comparative study of torque expression and its biomechanical effects: spherical self-ligating bracket with lock-hook system versus passive self-ligating bracket and conventional bracket.

Background: Proper torque control is crucial to the outcome of orthodontic treatment. This study aimed to employ finite element analysis to compare the torque capabilities of a novel spherical self-ligating bracket with a lock-hook system against those of commonly used passive self-ligating and conventional bracket systems, as well as to reveal the biomechanical changes in the periodontal ligament (PDL) during torque expression.

Methods: A maxillary right central incisor, along with its PDL and alveolar bone, were modeled.

Prevalence and influencing factors of the dyadic psychological stress among patients with lung cancer and their family caregivers: a cross-sectional study.

Background: A lung cancer diagnosis has a huge impact on the psychological well-being of both patients and family caregivers. However, the current psychological stress status among dyads remains unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression and identify the factors that influence patients with lung cancer and their caregivers.

Epidemiological trends in gastrointestinal cancers and risk factors across U.S. states from 2000 to 2021: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021.

Introduction: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers account for over a quarter of all cancer-related deaths in the United States; however, the latest trends in their prevalence remain unclear.

Methods: Data on GI cancers were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) were estimated across various states, sexes, ages, and risk factors, and annual percentage changes were calculated.

Determinants of health seeking behaviour in South Sudan: a cross-sectional household survey.

Background: Access to healthcare is a major challenge in South Sudan, but evidence on the factors influencing health seeking behaviour (HSB) and the magnitude of their effect is limited. This study aims to identify which determinants are associated with seeking care for perceived health needs and with seeking care at private or public healthcare facilities in South Sudan.

Methods: A cross-sectional household survey was conducted in three purposefully-selected states (Central Equatoria, Western Equatoria and Warrap).

An effective vessel segmentation method using SLOA-HGC.

Accurate segmentation of retinal blood vessels from retinal images is crucial for detecting and diagnosing a wide range of ophthalmic diseases. Our retinal blood vessel segmentation algorithm enhances microfine vessel extraction, improves edge texture clarity, and normalizes vessel distribution. It stabilizes neural network training for complex retinal vascular features.

Parasitic structure defect blights sustainability of cobalt-free single crystalline cathodes.

Recent efforts to reduce battery costs and enhance sustainability have focused on eliminating Cobalt (Co) from cathode materials. While Co-free designs have shown notable success in polycrystalline cathodes, their impact on single crystalline (SC) cathodes remains less understood due to the significantly extended lithium diffusion pathways and the higher-temperature synthesis involved. Here, we reveal that removing Co from SC cathodes is structurally and electrochemically unfavorable, exhibiting unusual voltage fade behavior.

Catalytic asymmetric C-N cross-coupling towards boron-stereogenic 3-amino-BODIPYs.

3-Amino boron dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) are a versatile class of fluorophores widely utilized in live cell imaging, photodynamic therapy, and fluorescent materials science. Despite the growing demand for optically active BODIPYs, the synthesis of chiral 3-amino-BODIPYs, particularly the catalytic asymmetric version, remains a challenge. Herein, we report the synthesis of boron-stereogenic 3-amino-BODIPYs via a palladium-catalyzed desymmetric C-N cross-coupling of prochiral 3,5-dihalogen-BODIPYs.

Expert consensus on pulpotomy in the management of mature permanent teeth with pulpitis.

Pulpotomy, which belongs to vital pulp therapy, has become a strategy for managing pulpitis in recent decades. This minimally invasive treatment reflects the recognition of preserving healthy dental pulp and optimizing long-term patient-centered outcomes. Pulpotomy is categorized into partial pulpotomy (PP), the removal of a partial segment of the coronal pulp tissue, and full pulpotomy (FP), the removal of whole coronal pulp, which is followed by applying the biomaterials onto the remaining pulp tissue and ultimately restoring the tooth.

[Atrophic kidney-like lesion: a clinicopathological study of three cases].

To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, immunophenotypes, diagnostic criteria and differential diagnosis of atrophic kidney-like lesion (AKLL). Three cases of AKLL were collected from April 2021 to October 2023 at the Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou and Ningbo Clinical Pathology Diagnosis Center, Ningbo, China. The clinical, morphological, and immunohistochemical characteristics were analyzed.

FAecal micRobiota transplantation in primary sclerosinG chOlangitis (FARGO): study protocol for a randomised, multicentre, phase IIa, placebo-controlled trial.

Introduction: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is the classical hepatobiliary manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The strong association between gut and liver inflammation has driven several pathogenic hypotheses to which the intestinal microbiome is proposed to contribute. Pilot studies of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in PSC and IBD are demonstrated to be safe and associated with increased gut bacterial diversity.