[Efficacy of ofloxacin (zanocin) in the treatment of multidrug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis].

Data concerning chemotherapy of patients with multiresistant tuberculosis of the lungs by reserve antituberculous agents in combination with ofloxacin are presented. It was shown that the ofloxacin-including chemotherapy regimen applied to patients with multiresistant destructive tuberculosis of the lungs provided by the end of the 6-month treatment course elimination of multidrug resistant tubercle bacilli isolation at least in 80% of the patients and closure of the lung caverns after artificial pneumothorax and routine surgical interventions in more than half of the patients. For all this, side effects that could not be eliminated were stated merely in 8.

[Ultrasound evaluation of the hemothorax of patients operated on for pulmonary tuberculosis and control of the development of fibrous thorax].

The paper deals with the ultrasound study of the hemothoracic cavity in pulmonary tuberculosis patients undergone pulmonectomy. Ultrasound study provides objective data on the time course of processes occurring the hemothorax operated on and controls the development of fibrothorax, such as the formation of effusions, in all its details.

[X-ray criteria for assessing the activity of lung sarcoidosis at follow-up].

The results of comprehensive X-ray findings in 300 patients with different clinical and X-ray forms of respiratory sarcoidosis who had been registered to be followed up at the Consulting Outpatient Department, Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, were analyzed. The follow-up lasted 3 to 20 years. X-ray study heads the list of the most informative techniques for assessing the activity of sarcoidosis.

[Antibodies to cytokeratin-8 in patients with different lung pathology].

Antibodies to cytokeratin-8 were detected by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) in sera of 135 patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveiolitis, different rheumatic diseases, sarcoidosis and exogenous allergic alveolitis, 109 patients with inflammatory lung diseases and 74 donors of the Moscow Blood Transfusion Station. The results revealed that The frequency of positive EIA reactions among the donors was 7%, while in the group of patients with rheumatic diseases--from 5.9% (scleroderma) to 42.

[Radiation diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) of lung].

The authors studied the pattern of X-ray changes detectable in the lungs of 41 patients with LCH. The results of classical X-ray study were supplemented by the data of computed tomography, ultrasonography, and 99mTc and 67Ga citrate radioisotopic studies. The diagnostic values of these techniques were compared.

[Radiation diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases].

The authors analyzed the results of complex radiation study of 1192 patients with various interstitial lung diseases (ILD). An algorithm of differential diagnosis of diffuse and disseminated lesions of the lung was derived by using the findings. The X-ray morphological principle underlies the algorithm.

[Experimental and clinical pulmonary pneumocystosis].

Rat lungs with hydrocortisone-induced pneumocystosis and a necropsy material from 5 patients with AIDS were studied light- and electron-microscopically. The identity of basic morphological features of lung pneumocystosis development in experiment and humans is demonstrated. Three main periods--latent, pronounced, terminal (pneumocystic pneumonia) are distinguished taking into account the relation of productive and vegetative forms of Pneumocystis carinii, state of the surfactants, type I alveolocytes and inflammation cells.

[Surfactant-dependent atelectasis in pulmonary tuberculosis].

Using mathematic modelling of the secretion function of type II alveolocytes of the right lung intercellular surfactant production in treated and not treated rabbits with multi cavernous tuberculosis of the lung was evaluated. Correlation between its disorders and frequency of development and dissemination of atelectatic changes in the organ was revealed. Surfactant-dependent character of alveoli atelectasis in animals receiving a combination of antituberculosis drugs (isoniazide plus rifampycin plus etambutol), a direct effect of these drugs on membranes of the granular endoplasmic reticulum, formation of secretion granules was demonstrated.