Molecular architecture of the altered cortical complexity in autism.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by difficulties in social interaction, communication challenges, and repetitive behaviors. Despite extensive research, the molecular mechanisms underlying these neurodevelopmental abnormalities remain elusive. We integrated microscale brain gene expression data with macroscale MRI data from 1829 participants, including individuals with ASD and typically developing controls, from the autism brain imaging data exchange I and II.

Determinants of body composition among peri-menopausal women of Bilaspur district, Chhattisgarh, India.

A cross-sectional study was conducted among the peri-menopausal women to find out determinants of body composition. A total of 200 peri-menopusal women were recruited (≥ 40 years) from rural and urban areas of the district Bilaspur (CG). Among the studied respondents the mean age for peri-menopausal women was 42.

Pentraxin 3: a novel biomarker in pediatric central nervous system infections.

Background: Pediatric CNS infections have been identified as a global health problem, associated with an increased death rate and fatal consequences. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an acute-phase mediator that increases in body fluids and plasma throughout inflammation. Our study was designed to assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) PTX3 levels in pediatric patients with different central nervous system (CNS) infections.

Genomic characteristics and phylogenetic relationships of Cutibacterium acnes breast milk isolates.

Background: Cutibacterium acnes is one of the most commonly found microbes in breast milk. However, little is known about the genomic characteristics of C. acnes isolated from breast milk.

Fusarium oxysporum assisted green synthesis of small-sized silver nanoparticles for high antibacterial, and photocatalytic decolorization performances.

Background: Novel platforms using nanotechnology-based medicines have exponentially increased in our daily lives. The unique characteristics of metal oxide and noble metals nanoparticles make them suitable for different fields including antimicrobial agents, cosmetics, textiles, wound dressings, and anticancer drug carriers.

Methods: This study focuses on the biosynthesis of small-sized SNPs using exo-metabolites of Fusarium oxysporum via bioprocess optimization using Plackett-Burman (PBD) and central composite designs (CCD) while evaluating their multifaceted bioactivities.

Machine learning-based estimation of crude oil-nitrogen interfacial tension.

Accurate estimation of interfacial tension (IFT) between nitrogen and crude oil during nitrogen-based gas injection into oil reservoirs is imperative. The previous research works dealing with prediction of IFT of oil and nitrogen systems consider synthetic oil samples such n-alkanes. In this work, we aim to utilize eight machine learning methods of Decision Tree (DT), AdaBoost (AB), Random Forest (RF), K-nearest Neighbors (KNN), Ensemble Learning (EL), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Multilayer Perceptron Artificial Neural Network (MLP-ANN) to construct data-driven intelligent models to predict crude oil - nitrogen IFT based upon experimental data of real crude oils samples encountered in underground oil reservoirs.

Machine learning Nomogram for Predicting endometrial lesions after tamoxifen therapy in breast Cancer patients.

Objective Endometrial lesions are a frequent complication following breast cancer, and current diagnostic tools have limitations. This study aims to develop a machine learning-based nomogram model for predicting the early detection of endometrial lesions in patients. The model is designed to assess risk and facilitate individualized treatment strategies for premenopausal breast cancer patients.

Parasitic structure defect blights sustainability of cobalt-free single crystalline cathodes.

Recent efforts to reduce battery costs and enhance sustainability have focused on eliminating Cobalt (Co) from cathode materials. While Co-free designs have shown notable success in polycrystalline cathodes, their impact on single crystalline (SC) cathodes remains less understood due to the significantly extended lithium diffusion pathways and the higher-temperature synthesis involved. Here, we reveal that removing Co from SC cathodes is structurally and electrochemically unfavorable, exhibiting unusual voltage fade behavior.

Unveiling ADAMTS12: A Key Driver of Bladder Cancer Progression via COL3A1-Mediated Activation of the FAK/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway.

Bladder cancer (BCa) is a common and lethal disease characterized by high recurrence rates and limited treatment options. Understanding the molecular pathways of BCa progress is crucial for investigating more effective targeted therapies. While ADAMTS12 is known to contribute to cancer progression and treatment resistance, its prognostic significance and underlying mechanisms in BCa remain poorly understood.

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing on treatment strategies and prognosis of patients with lower respiratory tract infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Controversy exists regarding the benefits of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). We assessed the impact of mNGS on the treatment and prognosis of LRTI patients through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase and CENTRAL databases up to February 19, 2024.

Diagnostic Utility of Low-Dose Cosyntropin Stimulation Test for Central Adrenal Insufficiency.

Introduction: Consensus regarding the diagnostic cutoff values for cortisol responses to low-dose Cosyntropin testing (LDT) and its specific advantages over standard (high) dose test (HDT) in assessing the pituitary-adrenal axis in children is lacking.

Methods: In a retrospective study, patients who underwent sequential LDT and HDT were classified into two groups depending on the reason for testing: prolonged systemic glucocorticoid exposure (Group 1) or suspected hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction (Group 2). Sensitivity and specificity analysis of varying cortisol levels during LDT in diagnosing ACTH deficiency (ACTHD) were calculated via the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis against the reference diagnostic test HDT.

Knowledge domain and frontier trends of artificial intelligence applied in solid organ transplantation: A visualization analysis.

Background: Solid organ transplantation (SOT) is vital for end-stage organ failure but faces challenges like organ shortage and rejection. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers potential to improve outcomes through better matching, success prediction, and automation. However, the evolution of AI in SOT research remains underexplored.

The influence of cognitive reserve on ERP measures of selective visual attentional processing in older adults after mild traumatic brain injury.

Objective: Older adults have an increased risk of developing persistent cognitive complaints after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Yet, studies exploring which factors protect older adults with mTBI from developing such complaints are rare. It has been suggested that one such factor may be cognitive reserve (CR), but it is unknown how CR influences cognition in this patient category.

Metabotropic GABA Receptor Activation Induced by G Protein Coupling.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play central roles in regulating cellular responses through heterotrimeric G proteins (GP). Extensive studies have elucidated the complex cellular signaling mediated by GPCRs that accompany dynamic conformational changes upon activation. However, there has been less focus on the role of the GP on the activation process, particularly for class C GPCRs that function as obligate dimers.

Ultrafast Lithium-Ion Transport Engineered by Nanoconfinement Effect.

Amid the burgeoning demand for electrochemical energy storage and neuromorphic computing, fast ion transport behavior has attracted widespread attention at both fundamental and practical levels. Here, based on the nanoconfined channel of graphene oxide laminar membranes (GOLMs), the lithium ionic conductivity typically exceeding 10 mS cm is realized, one to three orders of magnitude higher than traditional liquid or solid lithium-ion electrolyte. Specifically, the nanoconfined lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF)-ethylene carbonate (EC)/ dimethyl carbonate (DMC) electrolyte demonstrates the ionic conductivity of 170 mS cm, outperforming the bulk counterpart by ≈16 fold.

A perspective on field-effect in energy and environmental catalysis.

The development of catalytic technologies for sustainable energy conversion is a critical step toward addressing fossil fuel depletion and associated environmental challenges. High-efficiency catalysts are fundamental to advancing these technologies. Recently, field-effect facilitated catalytic processes have emerged as a promising approach in energy and environmental applications, including water splitting, CO reduction, nitrogen reduction, organic electrosynthesis, and biomass recycling.

Consensus on the lung cancer management after third-generation EGFR-TKI resistance.

Lung cancer is the most prevalent malignant tumour in the Asia-Pacific region. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of lung cancers. Among these, the rate of mutations in Asian patients with lung adenocarcinoma is 40-60%.

The Clinical Utility of Targeted Heart Rate Control in Septic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials with Trial Sequential Analysis.

Objectives: Heart rate control using beta-blockers in sepsis has traditionally been avoided because of concerns with worsening cardiac index and organ perfusion. Recent studies has explored the possible beneficial effects of targeted heart rate control in patients with septic shock who have tachycardia despite initial resuscitation. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the effects of heart rate control in septic shock patients.

Heat and Drought Events Alter Biogenic Capacity to Balance CO Budget in South-Western Europe.

Heat and drought events are increasing in frequency and intensity, posing significant risks to natural and agricultural ecosystems with uncertain effects on the net ecosystem CO exchange (NEE). The current Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model (VPRM) was adjusted to include soil moisture impacts on the gross ecosystem exchange (GEE) and respiration ( ) fluxes to assess the temporal variability of NEE over south-western Europe for 2001-2022. Warming temperatures lengthen growing seasons, causing an increase in GEE, which is mostly compensated by a similar increment in .

Unravelling the genetic architecture of soybean tofu quality traits.

Unlabelled: Tofu is a popular soybean ( (L.) Merr.) food with a long tradition in Asia and rising popularity worldwide, including Central Europe.

Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology of : A Critical Review and Future Perspectives.

Medicinal plants are fundamental sources of natural products with high chemical diversity and specificity as novel lead compounds with diverse pharmacological activities. . is an important traditional Chinese medicine used to treat fever caused by cold, wind-fire toothache, headache, bruises and sprains, irregular menstruation, and infantile eczema.

Comparison between Spectral-domain and Swept-source OCT Angiography Scans for the Measurement of Hyperreflective Foci in Age-related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: Spectral-domain OCT angiography (SD-OCTA) scans were used in an algorithm developed for swept-source OCT angiography (SS-OCTA) scans to determine if SD-OCTA scans yielded similar results for the measurement of hyperreflective foci (HRF) in intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD).

Design: Retrospective study.

Participants: Forty eyes from 35 patients with iAMD.

Corrigendum to: Investigation of the Expression and Regulation of SCG5 in the Context of the Chromogranin-Secretogranin Family in Malignant Tumors.

An error was found in the affiliations of the author in the article titled 'Investigation of the Expression and Regulation of SCG5 in the Context of the Chromogranin-Secretogranin Family in Malignant Tumors'', published in Protein and Peptide Letters, 2024, 31(9), 657-666 [1]. Details of the error and a correction are provided here. Original: *Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng 224000, P.

Real-world evidence of ocrelizumab in Chilean patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Real-world studies are needed to expand our knowledge concerning populations underrepresented in clinical trials.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of ocrelizumab in Hispanic/Latino people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS).

Methods: Prospective longitudinal observational study including pwMS who received at least one dose of ocrelizumab between June 2018 and October 2023.

From PD-1/PD-L1 to tertiary lymphoid structures: Paving the way for precision immunotherapy in cholangiocarcinoma treatment.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly malignant hepatobiliary tumor characterized by limited treatment options and poor prognosis. The recent rise of immunotherapy has significantly influenced research in this field. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of 416 articles retrieved from the WOSCC, Wan fang Data, CNKI and VIP databases, spanning contributions from 32 countries, 589 institutions and 3,200 authors.