A Real-Life Study in Sequential Therapy for Severe Menopausal Osteoporosis.

Teriparatide (TPT) acts against severe primary (postmenopausal) osteoporosis (MOP), and it requires continuation with another anti-resorptive drug to conserve or enhance the effects on fracture risk reduction. To analyse the sequential pharmacotherapy in MOP who were treated upon a 24-month daily 20 µg TPT protocol (24-mo-TPT) followed by another 12 months of anti-resorptive drugs (12-mo-AR) amid real-life settings. 1.

Minimally Invasive Surgical Approach in Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis Complicated with Intramural Descending Aorta Hematoma Followed by Aortic Wall Rupture.

: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) represents a rare autoimmune disease with granulomatous inflammation, tissue necrosis, and systemic vasculitis of the small and medium blood vessels. Although the clinical elements vary, aortic involvement is exceptional and it represents a challenge that requires a rapid intervention with the potential of displaying a fulminant evolution. : We report a 64-year-old male with an 18-year history of GPA who presented atypical low back pain.

Discriminating between the maxillary tuberosity and the alveolar tuberosity- a critical pictorial review.

Purpose: The maxillary tuberosity, a critical anatomical landmark in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery, is burdened by terminological confusion. This inconsistency hampers clinical practice and communication across disciplines.

Method: Different resources were used to argue for the necessity of standardising the terminology related to maxillary tuberosity to enhance diagnostic precision and ultimately improve patient outcomes.

The Impact of Hepatic Hydrothorax on the Outcome of Liver Cirrhosis: A Comparative Study.

Hepatic hydrothorax (HH) is a severe cirrhosis complication requiring early diagnosis and appropriate management. This study aimed to assess the impact of HH on the disease severity and mortality of cirrhotic patients and compare their clinical and biological profiles with those of patients without HH. This retrospective study involved 155 patients diagnosed with cirrhosis, of whom 31 had HH.

From Molecular to Radionuclide and Pharmacological Aspects in Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis.

Amyloidosis is a rare pathology characterized by protein deposits in various organs and tissues. Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) can be caused by various protein deposits, but transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) and immunoglobulin light chain (AL) are the most frequent pathologies. Protein misfolding can be induced by several factors such as oxidative stress, genetic mutations, aging, chronic inflammation, and neoplastic disorders.

Revolutionizing Neuroimmunology: Unraveling Immune Dynamics and Therapeutic Innovations in CNS Disorders.

Neuroimmunology is reshaping the understanding of the central nervous system (CNS), revealing it as an active immune organ rather than an isolated structure. This review delves into the unprecedented discoveries transforming the field, including the emerging roles of microglia, astrocytes, and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in orchestrating neuroimmune dynamics. Highlighting their dual roles in both repair and disease progression, we uncover how these elements contribute to the intricate pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, cerebrovascular conditions, and CNS tumors.

Histological Findings in Infective Endocarditis-A Retrospective Cohort Study Conducted at "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency University Hospital in Bucharest.

Background: Histological findings of infective endocarditis (IEs) in mechanical valves present a complex diagnostic challenge owing to the lack of a precise definition. This ambiguity is further complicated by the natural degenerative processes that occur in the mechanical valves over time. Consequently, pathologists and clinicians face significant difficulties in distinguishing between genuine infective processes and the normal wear and tear of mechanical valves.

3D Bioprinting in Limb Salvage Surgery.

With the development of 3D bioprinting and the creation of innovative biocompatible materials, several new approaches have brought advantages to patients and surgical teams. Increasingly more bone defects are now treated using 3D-bioprinted prostheses and implementing new solutions relies on the ability of engineers and medical teams to identify methods of anchoring 3D-printed prostheses and to reveal the potential influence of bioactive materials on surrounding tissues. In this paper, we described why limb salvage surgery based on 3D bioprinting is a reliable and effective alternative to amputations, and why this approach is considered the new standard in modern medicine.

Ectopic Mediastinal Thyroid: A Crossroad Between a Multi-Layered Endocrine Perspective and a Contemporary Approach in Thoracic Surgery.

An ectopic thyroid (ET) involves numerous scenarios of detection and outcomes, while its current management is not standardised. A mediastinal ET (MET) represents a low index of suspicion. In this paper, we introduce a 47-year-old female who was accidentally identified with an MET, and a modern surgical approach was provided.

Navigating the Complexities of Radiation Injuries: Therapeutic Principles and Reconstructive Strategies.

Radiation injuries, particularly those resulting from therapeutic or accidental exposure, present complex challenges for medical management. These injuries can manifest localized skin damage or extend to deeper tissues, presenting as various clinical entities that require treatment strategies, ranging from conservative management to complex surgical interventions. Radiation treatment constitutes a fundamental component of neoplastic management, with nearly two out of three oncological instances undergoing it as an element of their therapeutic strategy.

Endocrine Perspective of Cutaneous Lichen Amyloidosis: -C634 Pathogenic Variant in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2.

Background: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), the third most frequent histological type of thyroid malignancy, may be found isolated or as part of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2). One particular subtype of this autosomal dominant-transmitted syndrome includes an association with cutaneous lichen amyloidosis, although, generally, a tide genotype-phenotype correlation is described in patients who carry proto-oncogene pathogenic variants.

Methods: Our objective was to provide an endocrine perspective of a case series diagnosed with -positive familial MTC associated with cutaneous primary lichen amyloidosis amid the confirmation of MEN2.

Osteoporosis and Normocalcemic Primary Hyperparathyroidism (Conservatively or Surgically Managed).

Asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) involves 80-90% of the parathyroid tumor-associated cases of PHPT in the modern medical era, while normocalcemic PHPT (NPHPT) has a prevalence of 0.1-11%. We aimed to analyze the bone status and mineral metabolism in NPHPT amid conservative or surgical management.

Review of Guideline Recommendations for Optimal Anti-VEGF Therapy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Neovascular age-related macular degeneration is a progressive, blinding macular disease that has become a burden both in healthcare systems and the global economy. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the main agent involved in the pathogenic process of the disease. The main goal of the age-related macular degeneration treatment is to maintain and improve visual acuity by injecting intravitreal anti-VEGF agents in either a reactive or proactive manner.

The Hidden Heart: Exploring Cardiac Damage Post-Stroke: A Narrative Review.

Stroke-heart syndrome (SHS), a critical yet underrecognized condition, encompasses a range of cardiac complications that arise following an ischemic stroke. This narrative review explores the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and implications of SHS, focusing on the complex interplay between the brain and the heart. Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) triggers autonomic dysfunction, leading to a surge in catecholamines and subsequent myocardial injury.

A Study in Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors (PitNETs): Real-Life Data Amid Baseline and Serial CT Scans.

Unlabelled: Non-functioning (NF) accidentally detected PitNETs (PIs) are common findings of CT/MRI scans currently. Data concerning their behavior vary, and some PIs will potentially experience a size change over time that might become clinically relevant.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate CT-related PIs diameters following 3 aspects: a cross-sectional analysis based on the age' groups at first PI diagnosis and on the gender distribution and a longitudinal analysis in PIs with <0.

A Real-World Longitudinal Study in Non-Functioning Pituitary Incidentalomas: A PRECES Micro-Adenomas Sub-Analysis.

Incidentalomas have an increasing incidence all over the world due to a larger access to imaging assessments, and endocrine incidentalomas make no exception in this matter, including pituitary incidentalomas (PIs). Our objective was to analyse the dynamic changes amid a second computed tomography (CT) scan after adult patients were initially confirmed with a PI (non-functioning micro-adenoma). This was a multi-centric, longitudinal, retrospective study in adults (aged between 20 and 70 y) amid real-world data collection.

Three-Leaf-Clover Thyroid and Minimally Invasive Trans-Cervical Synchronous Thyroidectomy and Ectopic Mediastinal Thyroid Tissue Removal: Does the Age of the Patient Count amid a Multifaceted Strategy?

Ectopic organ-associated conditions belong to the larger panel of developmental ailments, and among this challenging medical and surgical chapter, ectopic endocrine glands-related picture is mostly focused on the presence of the ectopic parathyroid and thyroid. Ectopic thyroid tissue within mediastinum (ETTM) stands for a less common ETT site; while, globally, less than 1% of the mediastinum masses are ETTM. We aim to introduce a rare case of ETTM in a senior lady to whom one-time synchronous thyroidectomy with ETT removal was successfully performed via a minimally invasive modern procedure upon cervicotomy and intra-operatory use of the Cooper thymectomy retractor.

Patient Blood Management in 2023: a Nationwide Survey of Anesthesiologists in Romania following the 2018 Guidelines.

Background: In 2018, Romania established national guidelines for patient blood management (PBM), endorsed by the Romanian Society of Anesthesia and Intensive Care (SRATI) and approved by the Ministry of Health. These guidelines emphasize managing anemia, coagulation issues, and the cautious use of allogeneic transfusions to improve patient outcomes.

Materials And Methods: A national survey was conducted among Romanian anesthesiologists to assess PBM guideline adoption.

Eyes as Windows: Unveiling Neuroinflammation in Multiple Sclerosis via Optic Neuritis and Uhthoff's Phenomenon.

: This study investigated the frequency and timing of optic neuritis (ON) episodes in relation to the onset of multiple sclerosis (MS) and examined the occurrence of Uhthoff's phenomenon and Lhermitte's sign to understand their roles in early diagnosis and disease progression. : A longitudinal study was conducted with 127 MS patients. Clinical data, including ophthalmological examinations for ON, were collected and questionnaires assessed the presence of Uhthoff's phenomenon and Lhermitte's sign.