Surgical decisions on implant-related parameters can enhance knowledge transfer for glenoid bone grafting in primary reverse shoulder arthroplasty: a scoping review of heterogeneity sources.

Purpose: The purpose of the present scoping review is to identify sources of heterogeneity in reporting domains that have the potential to improve surgical decision-making in reverse shoulder arthroplasty associated with glenoid bone grafting.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted according to the JBI and PRISMA ScR guidelines. Articles covering glenoid bone grafting at the time of reverse shoulder replacement, published between 2012 and 2022 in MEDLINE, Scopus, Epistemonikos, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, were searched.

The Effect of Blood Flow Restriction during Low-Load Resistance Training Unit on Knee Flexor Muscle Fatigue in Recreational Athletes: A Randomized Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study.

Despite the growing popularity of training with a controlled form of vascular occlusion, known as blood flow restriction (BFR) training, in the rehabilitation of orthopedic patients and sports medicine, there remains ample space for understanding the basis of its mechanism. The pilot study assessed the effect of BFR during a low-load resistance training unit on knee flexor muscle fatigue, intending to decide whether a larger trial is needed and feasible. : The study used a prospective, randomized, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled design.

Guideline-Optimised Treatment in Heart Failure-Do Higher Doses Reduce Systemic Inflammation More Significantly?

Chronic inflammation is a constant phenomenon which accompanies the heart failure pathophysiology. In all phenotypes of heart failure, irrespective of the ejection fraction, there is a permanent low-grade activation and synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines. Many classes of anti-remodelling medication used in the treatment of chronic heart failure have been postulated to have an anti-inflammatory effect.

Correction: Toader et al. Cognitive Crescendo: How Music Shapes the Brain's Structure and Function. 2023, , 1390.

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Long head of the biceps tendon versatility in reconstructive shoulder surgery: a narrative review of arthroscopic techniques and their biomechanical principles with video presentation.

The management of the long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) during shoulder arthroscopy has been a subject of controversy for many years, with evolving discussions and trends. Despite long-standing debate, the nature of the surgical indication regarding how to treat concomitent LHBT injuries has undergone changes in recent years. It now extends beyond the timing of tenotomy to encompass considerations of alternative methods for preserving the LHBT, along with an ongoing exploration of how it can be effectively utilized in reconstructive shoulder surgery.

Considering Histologic Remission in Ulcerative Colitis as a Long-Term Target.

Monitoring disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is challenging since clinical manifestations do not represent reliable surrogates for an accurate reflection of the inflammatory burden. Endoscopic remission had been the most significant endpoint target in the last years; nevertheless, a remarkable proportion of patients continue to relapse despite a normal-appearing mucosa, highlighting that endoscopy may underestimate the true extent of the disease. A subtle hint of the importance that histology plays in the long-term course of the disease has been endorsed by the STRIDE-II consensus, which recommends considering histologic healing for ulcerative colitis (UC), even though it is not stated to be a compulsory formal target.

Inflammation in Heart Failure-Future Perspectives.

Chronic heart failure is a terminal point of a vast majority of cardiac or extracardiac causes affecting around 1-2% of the global population and more than 10% of the people above the age of 65. Inflammation is persistently associated with chronic diseases, contributing in many cases to the progression of disease. Even in a low inflammatory state, past studies raised the question of whether inflammation is a constant condition, or if it is, rather, triggered in different amounts, according to the phenotype of heart failure.

Low molecular weight heparin decreases mortality and major complication rates in moderately severe and severe acute pancreatitis-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Routine anticoagulation therapy in acute pancreatitis (AP) is not recommended by the guidelines in the field, although it is frequently used in clinical practice.

Objectives: We aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of adding anticoagulants therapy to AP management.

Methods: The systematic search was performed in three databases on the 14th of October 2022 without restrictions.

Cognitive Crescendo: How Music Shapes the Brain's Structure and Function.

Music is a complex phenomenon with multiple brain areas and neural connections being implicated. Centuries ago, music was discovered as an efficient modality for psychological status enrichment and even for the treatment of multiple pathologies. Modern research investigations give a new avenue for music perception and the understanding of the underlying neurological mechanisms, using neuroimaging, especially magnetic resonance imaging.

From Homeostasis to Pathology: Decoding the Multifaceted Impact of Aquaporins in the Central Nervous System.

Aquaporins (AQPs), integral membrane proteins facilitating selective water and solute transport across cell membranes, have been the focus of extensive research over the past few decades. Particularly noteworthy is their role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and fluid balance in neural compartments, as dysregulated AQP expression is implicated in various degenerative and acute brain pathologies. This article provides an exhaustive review on the evolutionary history, molecular classification, and physiological relevance of aquaporins, emphasizing their significance in the central nervous system (CNS).

Decoding Neurodegeneration: A Comprehensive Review of Molecular Mechanisms, Genetic Influences, and Therapeutic Innovations.

Neurodegenerative disorders often acquire due to genetic predispositions and genomic alterations after exposure to multiple risk factors. The most commonly found pathologies are variations of dementia, such as frontotemporal dementia and Lewy body dementia, as well as rare subtypes of cerebral and cerebellar atrophy-based syndromes. In an emerging era of biomedical advances, molecular-cellular studies offer an essential avenue for a thorough recognition of the underlying mechanisms and their possible implications in the patient's symptomatology.

The Predisposition for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are diseases caused by the interaction of genetic and non-genetic factors. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the association between six common genetic polymorphisms and T2DM and MetS in males. A total of 120 T2DM, 75 MetS, and 120 healthy controls (HC) were included in the study.

Gut Microbiome Changes in Gestational Diabetes.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), one of the most common endocrine pathologies during pregnancy, is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first discovery in the perinatal period. Physiological changes that occur in pregnant women can lead to inflammation, which promotes insulin resistance. In the general context of worldwide increasing obesity in young females of reproductive age, GDM follows the same ascending trend.

The Impact of General Anesthesia on Redox Stability and Epigenetic Inflammation Pathways: Crosstalk on Perioperative Antioxidant Therapy.

Worldwide, the prevalence of surgery under general anesthesia has significantly increased, both because of modern anesthetic and pain-control techniques and because of better diagnosis and the increased complexity of surgical techniques. Apart from developing new concepts in the surgical field, researchers and clinicians are now working on minimizing the impact of surgical trauma and offering minimal invasive procedures due to the recent discoveries in the field of cellular and molecular mechanisms that have revealed a systemic inflammatory and pro-oxidative impact not only in the perioperative period but also in the long term, contributing to more difficult recovery, increased morbidity and mortality, and a negative financial impact. Detailed molecular and cellular analysis has shown an overproduction of inflammatory and pro-oxidative species, responsible for augmenting the systemic inflammatory status and making postoperative recovery more difficult.

The Interplay Between Gut Microbiota and miRNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases.

The human microbiota contains microorganisms found on the skin, mucosal surfaces and in other tissues. The major component, the gut microbiota, can be influenced by diet, genetics, and environmental factors. Any change in its composition results in pathophysiological changes that can further influence the evolution of different conditions, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).

Optional Vaccines in Children-Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Romanian Parents.

Vaccination is one of the most useful medical interventions for controlling certain infectious diseases. The aim of current research is to identify some of the drivers of vaccine hesitancy or acceptance in a rather skeptical European population by addressing parental perception on optional vaccination (OV) perception. Novel tools, delivered by social media, were used in our research attempt.

Gut Microbiome, Functional Food, Atherosclerosis, and Vascular Calcifications-Is There a Missing Link?

The gut microbiome is represented by the genome of all microorganisms (symbiotic, potential pathogens, or pathogens) residing in the intestine. These ecological communities are involved in almost all metabolic diseases and cardiovascular diseases are not excluded. Atherosclerosis, with a continuously increasing incidence in recent years, is the leading cause of coronary heart disease and stroke by plaque rupture and intraplaque hemorrhage.

Diabetes Mellitus as a Prognostic Factor for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.

Background/aim: Currently, the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on rectal cancer patients is complex and just partly elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of diabetes mellitus on rectal cancer patients focusing on tumor differentiation grade, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) response, disease-free (DFS) and overall (OS) survival.

Patients And Methods: Our study's population consisted of a group of 53 patients diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer, who underwent NACRT, followed by radical oncological surgery.

Comparison of Two Techniques for Lateral Ridge Augmentation in Mandible With Ramus Block Graft.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this manuscript was to assess mandibular ramus block grafts used for augmentation of mandibular posterior segments, followed by subsequent implant placement. Twenty-four human subjects in need of lateral ridge mandibular augmentation were included in the current patient series.

Inclusion Criteria: recipient site had at least 10-mm residual height, but less than 4.

Use of quantitative serum HBsAg for optimization of therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with pegylated interferon alfa-2a: a Romanian cohort study.

Background & Aims: The aim of the study was to assess the clinical utility of serum HBsAg quantification as a surrogate biomarker for the prediction of sustained virological response (SVR) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients treated with Pegylated Interferon alfa-2a (Peg-IFN α-2a).

Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study which included 57 patients with CHB treated 48 weeks with Peg-IFN α-2a and followed for another 24 weeks. HBsAg was quantified at the baseline, during treatment and at the end of follow-up.