Esterification of Polymeric Carbohydrate Through Congener Cutinase-Like Biocatalyst.

Cutinase-like enzymes (CLEs) are bi-functional hydrolases, which share the conserved catalytic site of lipase and consensus pentapeptide sequence of cutinase. Here, we have genetically replaced the canonical amino acids (CAA) by their non-canonical fluorinated surrogates to biosynthesize a novel class of congener biocatalyst for esterification of polymeric carbohydrate with long-chain fatty acid. It is a new enzyme-engineering approach used to manipulate industrially relevant biocatalyst through genetic incorporation of new functionally encoded non-canonical amino acids (NCAA).

Chromium-catechin complex, synthesis and toxicity check using bacterial models.

Chromium-catechin complex was synthesized by reacting [Cr(HO)] (hexa-aqua) with catechin as a ligand. Toxicity studies were carried out for the complex using bacterial models for safer application of this complex in the future as a drug. Chromium-catechin complex was characterized using ESI Mass spectrometry, electronic spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry.

Lutein inhibits breast cancer cell growth by suppressing antioxidant and cell survival signals and induces apoptosis.

Reduced risk of breast cancer upon intake of lutein-rich food supplements creates an interest to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the growth inhibitory potential of lutein in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Lutein purified from Spinacia oleracea was identified by high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The cell viability was measured by water-soluble tetrazolium-1 assay.

Evaluation of chromium in vegetables and groundwater aptness for crops from an industrial (leather tanning) sector of South India.

The main objective of the present study is evaluation of groundwater aptness for crops and chromium concentration in vegetables from an industrial (leather tanning) sector of South India using geospatial techniques. Seventy groundwater samples were collected from the open and tube wells during November 2017, February 2018, May 2018 and September 2018 to represent northeast (NE) monsoon (October-December), post-monsoon (winter) (January-February), pre-monsoon (summer) (March-May) and southwest (SW) monsoon (June-September) seasons, respectively. In addition, vegetables were also collected during the above-mentioned seasons from the market to assess the level of chromium content in them.

Insights into the effect of artificial sweeteners on the structure, stability, and fibrillation of type I collagen.

Artificial sweeteners (AS) are widely used as sugar substitutes because natural sweetener (sugar) leads to a number of health issues, including diabetes, obesity, and tooth decay. Since natural sugar (sucrose), diabetes and skin are highly interlinked, and also sucrose is known to inhibit the fibrillation of collagen, the major protein of the skin, a study on the impact of AS on collagen is important and essential. Herein, we have studied the influence of commonly used AS such as Sucralose (SUC), Aspartame (APM), and Saccharin (SAC) on the structure, stability, and fibrillation of collagen using various spectroscopic methods.

The multi-spectroscopic approach on the interaction between rabbit serum albumin and cationic surfactant: Investigation on the formation and solubilization of the protein aggregation.

The protein-surfactant interaction studies have great importance in the range of the application like cosmetics, food, pharmaceutical, detergent industries, and many more. In this study, we have studies protein (rabbit serum albumin, RSA) and a cationic surfactant (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB) interaction at different physiological conditions (viz., pH, ionic strength, surfactants concentrations, protein concentration, and many more).

Eucalyptus Concoction Mediated Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles and Its Bioactive Role Explored via Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Studies.

Biosynthesis of nanoparticles has now become a novel trend in addressing some of the environmental issues by adopting eco-friendly approaches in manoeuvring nanoparticles for various applications. Plants and micro-organisms have been the potential sources of the biological mode of synthesizing nanoparticles as part of their bioremediation process. This principle has been harnessed for synthesizing nanoparticles either extra or intracellularly.

Spectroscopic studies of the aggregation behavior of Human Serum Albumin and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide.

To check the role of micelle in the interaction studies of human serum albumin (HSA) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), many spectroscopic techniques, like UV-visible, fluorescence, circular dichroism, fluorescence lifetime measurement, and atomic force microscopy (AFM), are employed. The binding affinity of all compound groups depended on the hydrocarbon chain, indicating the predominant role of hydrophobic forces, electrostatic forces and supported by polar interactions on protein surfaces. The protein has a different effect on the polarity of a microenvironment in fluorescence spectra above and below the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the suractant.

Fabrication of Biohybrid Cellulose Acetate-Collagen Bilayer Matrices as Nanofibrous Spongy Dressing Material for Wound-Healing Application.

Tissue engineering is currently one the fastest growing engineering fields, requiring fabrication of advanced and multifunctional materials to be used as scaffolds or dressing for tissue regeneration. In this work, a bilayer matrix was fabricated by electrospinning of a hybrid cellulose acetate nanofibers (CA) containing bioactive latex or Ciprofloxacin over highly interconnected collagen (CSPG) 3D matrix previously obtained by a freeze-drying process. The bilayer matrix was fabricated with a nanofibrous part as the primary (top) layer and a spongy porous part as the secondary (bottom) layer by combining electrospinning and freeze-drying techniques to enhance the synergistic effect of both materials corresponding to physical and biological properties.

Microwave-Assisted -Allylation/Homoallylation-RCM Approach: Access to Pyrrole-, Pyridine-, or Azepine-Appended (Het)aryl Aminoamides.

A facile and diversity-oriented approach has been developed for the synthesis of pyrrole-, pyridine-, or azepine-appended (het)aryl aminoamides via the -allylation/homoallylation-ring-closing metathesis (RCM) strategy. Microwave condition was efficiently utilized for -allylation of (het)aryl aminoamides to synthesize di-, tri-, and tetra-allyl/homoallylated RCM substrates in good yields. All of the RCM substrates were successfully converted to respective pyrroles , ,, ,, pyridines , , and azepines , via RCM.

Copper (0) Mediated Single Electron Transfer-Living Radical Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate: Functionalized Graphene as a Convenient Tool for Radical Initiator.

Polymer nanocomposites have been synthesized by the covalent addition of bromide-functionalized graphene (Graphene-Br) through the single electron transfer-living radical polymerization technique (SET-LRP). Graphite functionalized with bromide for the first time via an efficient route using mild reagents has been designed to develop a graphene based radical initiator. The efficiency of sacrificial initiator (ethyl α-bromoisobutyrate) has also been compared with a graphene based initiator towards monitoring their Cu(0) mediated controlled molecular weight and morphological structures through mass spectroscopy (MOLDI-TOF) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) analysis, respectively.

Efficacy of Recombinant Human Epidermal Growth Factor (Regen-D 150) in Healing Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Hospital-Based Randomized Controlled Trial.

To validate the efficacy of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (hEGH) in healing diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) at biochemical and molecular levels. A total of 50 noninfected DFU subjects were recruited for the study and divided into 2 groups based on the treatment application on the subjects. Group 1: DFU subjects treated with hEGH gel-based product called Regen-D 150 (n = 27) and group 2: DFU subjects treated with alternative placebo as the control group (n = 23).

Influence of micelles on protein's denaturation.

To evaluate the role of micelles for protein-surfactant interaction, we have studied the binding modes of serum albumin proteins (human (HSA) and rabbit (RSA)) with anionic-surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) by using UV-visible, fluorescence, circular dichroism, fluorescence lifetime, atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. The study performed with three different pHs (below (4.0), at (4.

Biokinetics of fed-batch production of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) using microbial co-culture.

A novel fed-batch strategy based on carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio in a microbial co-culture production medium broth was carried out in a biocalorimeter for improved production of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). Shake flask study suggested that the C/N ratio of 10 increased the yield of PHB by 2.8 times.

Towards sustainable system configuration for the treatment of fish processing wastewater using bioreactors.

The wastewater generated from fish processing industry contains a credible level of biodegradable proteins and low biodegradable fats, oils, and grease (FOG). The conventional biological treatment of fish processing wastewater (FPWW) containing high concentration of FOG faces the challenges of clogging, hindrance to sedimentation due to the formation of hydrophobic sludge along with lipids, flocculation of sludge with poor activity, dewatering of sludge due to the presence of lipids, and formation of aminated offensive odors. The present investigation employed baffled moving bed biofilm reactor (BMBBR), up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, fluidized immobilized cell carbon oxidation (FICCO) reactor, and chemoautotrophic activated carbon oxidation (CAACO) reactors in series to treat FPWW.

N-Vanillylnonanamide, a natural product from capsicum oleoresin, as potential inhibitor of collagen fibrillation.

Inhibition of collagen fibrillation by small molecules is of growing interest to develop therapeutics for the illnesses related to excess deposition of collagen. In this context, we have studied the inhibitory effect of N-Vanillylnonanamide (NVA), a natural product from capsicum oleoresin and an analog of capsaicin (a known inhibitor of collagen fibrillation), on collagen self-assembly that leads to fibrillation in vitro. Commercially, capsaicin was found to be expensive than NVA.

Counterion coupled (COCO) gemini surfactant capped Ag/Au alloy and Ag@Au core-shell nanoparticles for cancer therapy.

Hybrid silver (Ag)-gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) with different sizes and compositions were synthesized. Ag/Au alloy and Ag@Au core-shell type NPs were prepared from Ag and Au with various ratios using the COCO gemini surfactant, 1,6-bis (,-hexadecyldimethylammonium) adipate (COCOGS), 16-6-16 as a stabilizer. The formation of the Ag/Au alloy and Ag@Au core-shell was confirmed by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns.

Metabolic heat coherent growth of (HV) for enhanced production of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) in a Bio Reaction Calorimeter (BioRC).

The optimum condition at which the halophilic salt-tolerant bacterium (MTCC 3712) produces the maximum amount of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) was investigated experimentally using response surface methodology based on the central composite design (CCD). Hyper-saline medium containing 1.5% w/v NaCl enriched nutrient medium with 1.

Influence of pH on interaction of silver nanoparticles - protein: Analyses by spectroscopic and thermodynamic ideology.

To investigate the interaction between bovine serum albumin (BSA) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) at five different pHs (below (3.0 and 4.0), above (7.

Porous materials of nitrogen doped graphene oxide@SnO electrode for capable supercapacitor application.

The porous materials of SnO@NGO composite was synthesized by thermal reduction process at 550 °C in presence ammonia and urea as catalyst. In this process, the higher electrostatic attraction between the SnO@NGO nanoparticles were anchored via thermal reduction reaction. These synthesized SnO@ NGO composites were confirmed by Raman, XRD, XPS, HR-TEM, and EDX results.

Bio-fabrication of pigment-capped silver nanoparticles encountering antibiotic-resistant strains and their cytotoxic effect towards human epidermoid larynx carcinoma (HEp-2) cells.

Bacterial biomolecule-mediated nanoparticle (NP) synthesis constitutes a reliable, eco-friendly approach that ameliorates green-chemistry principles. In this study, stable silver nanoparticles were synthesized by exposing aqueous silver ions to an extracellular diffusible pigment produced by (PA6) under optimized laboratory conditions. Spectroscopic and microscopic analyses showed the typical characteristics of silver with an average size of ∼28.

Biodegradation of tannery dye effluent using Fenton's reagent and bacterial consortium: A biocalorimetric investigation.

The impact caused by dye effluent discharge on the environment is well known. The study explores a hybrid method of combining Fenton oxidation with biological treatment by a defined bacterial consortium for the biodegradation of an effluent containing toxic azo dye (acid blue 113). In actual treatment process, the fluctuation in toxic load and presence of other dyeing chemical inhibits the activity of the bacterial consortium.

Bio-engineering and cellular imaging of silver nanoparticles as weaponry against multidrug resistant human pathogens.

'Go green' has also been implied to nanotechnology by harbouring eco-benign principle for a cleaner production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). This was achieved using a nitrate reducing Bacillus subtilis L1 (KT266579.1) inhabiting rhizosphere soil under optimized laboratory conditions, highlighting on its antibacterial modus operandi.

Probing visible light induced photochemical stabilization of collagen in green solvent medium.

Crosslinking of proteins such as collagen for enhanced stability and mechanical properties is an intriguing area in the context of both biomedical and industrial applications. Herein, we have shown the crosslinking of collagen fibers using visible light in a green solvent, ethanol, in the presence of photosensitizers such as methylene blue (Mb) and erythrosine B (Eb). The visible light induced crosslinking increases the shrinkage temperature of collagen fibers from 67 to 100 °C in a concentration dependent manner (1.

A novel protease-immobilized carbon catalyst for the effective fragmentation of proteins in high-TDS wastewater generated in tanneries: Spectral and electrochemical studies.

The aim of this study was to degrade proteins in high-total dissolved solids (TDS)-containing wastewater produced during the soaking process in tanneries (tannery-TDS wastewater) using a halotolerant protease-assisted nanoporous carbon catalyst (STPNPAC). A halotolerant protease was obtained from the halophile, Lysinibacillus macroides, using animal fleshing as the substrate. The protease was immobilized using ethylene diamine (EDA)/glutaraldehyde functionalized nanoporous activated carbon (EGNPAC).