Bacterial cell immobilized packed bed reactor for the elimination of dissolved organics from biologically treated post-tanning wastewater and its microbial community profile.

In conventional, the biologically treated tannery wastewaters are rich in dissolved organics and the application of reverse osmosis (RO) to biologically treated tannery wastewater was challenged with fouling and failure of RO membrane due to existence of lingering dissolved organic compounds. In present investigation the bacterial cell immobilized packed bed reactor (CIPBR) was operated to remove the dissolved organic compounds in biologically treated post-tanning wastewater to avoid membrane fouling in RO. The efficient microbial syndicate to eliminate dissolved organics in post-tanning wastewater was isolated and immobilized on to the carbon silica matrix (CSM) in the range of 2.

Coordination of Distal Carboxylate Anion Alters Metal Ion Specific Binding in Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine Congeners.

Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives have excellent potential for chelation with transition metal ions. Two new imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-8-carboxylates were synthesized and characterized by H NMR, C NMR, HRMS, and single crystal-XRD techniques. Methyl carboxylate (probe 1) turns on fluorescence upon coordination with Zn, while sodium carboxylate (probe 2) turns off its fluorescence upon coordination with Co or Cu ions present in aqueous acetonitrile medium.

Deciphering the mechanism of extract on Th17 cells through in-depth transcriptomic profiling and analysis.

Naive CD4 T cells differentiate into effector (Th1, Th2, Th17) cells and immunosuppressive (Treg) cells upon antigenic stimulation in the presence of a specific cytokine milieu. The T cell culture system provides a very efficient model to study compounds' therapeutic activity and mechanism of action. (Willd.

An efficient dehairing system supported by oxidative-enzymatic auxiliary towards sustainability.

A method of dehairing of goat skins using oxidative chemicals and protease enzymes has been attempted. The dehairing process is one of the important and essential steps in leather making, where hair is removed by lime and sodium sulphide in the conventional process. This conventional dehairing system generates a higher amount of pollution problem as compared to the other unit operations and unit processes.

An Overview of Collagen-Based Composite Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering.

Bone regeneration or restoration is a series of well-ordered physiological activities that occur throughout a person's life, they are continuously being repaired and remodeled. A conventional bone repair procedure, such as autograft and allograft bone transplant, has failed to address bone reconstruction disputes and complexity. On the other hand, Tissue Engineering is a potential therapy option for repairing rather than replacing the damaged tissue.

Functionalization of Bacterial Cellulose and Related Surfaces Using a Facile Coupling Reaction by Thermoresponsive Catalyst.

Recently, bacterial cellulose and related materials attracted significant attention for applications such as leather-like materials, wound healing materials, etc., due to their abundance in pure form and excellent biocompatibility. Chemical modification of bacterial cellulose further helps to improve specific properties for practical utility and economic viability.

Nanorod-like Structure of ZnO Nanoparticles and ZnO Clusters Using 4-Dimethylamino Benzaldehyde Liquid to Study the Physicochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Pathogenic Bacteria.

To study their physicochemical and antimicrobial properties, zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using a simple chemical route and 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (4DB) as an organic additive. ZnO nanoparticles were characterized with XRD analysis, which confirmed the presence of a hexagonal wurtzite structure with different crystalline sizes. The SEM morphology of the synthesized nanoparticles confirmed the presence of nanorods in both modifications of ZnO nanoparticles.

In vitro and in vivo effect of novel GA-CSNPs loaded col-fibrin nanocomposite scaffold on diabetic wound healing.

A non-healing wound is a common problem associated with diabetes mellitus. Chronic inflammation, challenging re-epithelization, unusual growth factors, and impaired angiogenesis are the multifactorial events that contribute to impaired wounds. Hence, in the present work, an innovative GA-CSNPs nanocomposite scaffold has been fabricated by integrating Gallic acid (GA) loaded chitosan nanoparticles (GA-CSNPs) into a genipin crosslinked collagen-fibrin (Col-fibrin) scaffold as wound dressing material.

π-System Functionalization Transforms Amyloidogenic Peptide Fragment of Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide into a Super Hydrogelator.

While a considerable number of ultra-short/short amyloid peptides have been reported to form 3D supramolecular hydrogels, they all possess high minimum gelation concentration (MGC) (≥1 wt%), which preclude their applications. In this context, we demonstrate that functionalisation of a well-known amyloidogenic ultra-short peptide fragment NFGAIL (IAPf) of human Islet amyloid polypeptide with a π-system (Fluorenyl, Fm) at the N-terminus of the peptide (Fm-IAPf) yield not only highly thermostable hydrogel at physiological pH but also exhibited super gelator nature as the MGC (0.08 wt%) falls below 0.

Solvent-Controlled Photoswitching of Azobenzene: An Excited State Shuttle.

The light-controlled excited state trans-cis isomerization process is a key to the development of conversion of light energy to mechanical motion at the molecular level. Considerable efforts have been made in tuning the isomerization process with electron donor and acceptor substituents by altering the excited state reaction coordinate. Here, we report a two novel push-pull series of para-diethylamino (DEA) and diphenylamino (DPA) substituted (E)-4'-((4-(diethylamino)phenyl)diazenyl)-N,N-diphenyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-amine (1) and (E)-4'-((4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)diazenyl)-N,N-diphenyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-amine (2).

Synchronous COD removal and nitrogen recovery from high concentrated pharmaceutical wastewater by an integrated chemo-biocatalytic reactor systems.

Present report, an investigation of highly concentrated and low bio-degradable pharmaceutical wastewater (HCPWW) treatment; simultaneously ammoniacal nitrogen recovery for struvite fertilizer. The use of multiple solvents and many formulation processes in HCPWW, resulting highly refractory chemicals. Here, in this study focused on evaluation of chemo-biocatalysts for the removal of refractory organics, nitrogen recovery from HCPWW.

A high-value biohythane production: Feedstocks, reactor configurations, pathways, challenges, technoeconomics and applications.

In recent years, the demand for high-quality biofuels from renewable sources has become an aspirational goal to offer a clean environment by alternating the depleting fossil fuels to meet future energy needs. In this aspect, biohythane production from wastes has received extensive research interest since it contains superior fuel characteristics than the promising conventional biofuel i.e.

Nanosized Hexagonal Boron Nitride and Polyethylene Glycol-Filled Leathers for Applications Demanding High Thermal Insulation and Impact Resistance.

Leather is a niche material used for upholsteries, gloves, and garments due to its high durability, flexibility, and softness properties. The inclusion of nanoparticles in the leather matrix provides multifunctionality for high-performance applications. Herein, we synthesized hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanoparticles via a single-step hydrothermal synthesis and treated the leather after dispersing in polyethylene glycol (PEG) to yield h-BN/PEG-treated leathers.

Current nanotechnological strategies using lipids, carbohydrates, proteins and metal conjugates-based carrier systems for diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis - A review.

Tuberculosis is a fatal disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis with highest morbidity and mortality every year. The evolution of anti-TB drugs is promising in controlling and treating TB. Yet, the drug response varies depending on the bacterial load and host immunological profiles.

Vanillic acid potentiates insulin secretion and prevents pancreatic β-cells cytotoxicity under HO-induced oxidative stress.

Background: Oxidative stress is known to impair cellular functions and, therefore, plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of various diseases, including diabetes. The persistently elevated glucose levels may cause enhanced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation, which in turn can damage the pancreatic β-cells. In this study, we have investigated the effect of vanillic acid on preventing HO-induced β-cells death and retaining its insulin secretion potentiating effect in the presence of HO.

NMR Studies on the Interaction of Anticancer Drug Doxorubicin with Membrane Mimetic SDS.

In the formulation of efficient drug delivery systems, it is essential to unravel the structural and dynamical aspects of the drug's interaction with biological membranes. This has been done for the anticancer drug-membrane system comprising doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), a water-soluble anticancer drug, and the micellar sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), the latter serving as a useful mimic for membrane proteins. Using a multimodal NMR approach involving H, H, and C as probe nuclei and through the determination of chemical shifts, spin-relaxation, nuclear Overhauser enhancements (NOE), and translational self-diffusion (SD), the binding characteristics of the DOX with SDS have been determined.

A "self-shrinking" supramolecular hydrogel with a 3D shape memory performance from an unnatural amino acid derivative.

A supramolecular hydrogel with 3D self-shrinking, without any assistance, and a shape memory performance at room temperature is discovered from an unnatural amino acid derivative, fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-L-β-phenylalanine, as a minimalistic model. The self-shrinking properties of this hydrogel can be explored for potential applications.

Studies on stabilization of collagen using Cr-doped polydopamine complex.

The stabilization of collagen using different small molecules have been explored for the development of biomaterials. One of the most studied molecules in biomaterials research is polydopamine (PDA) due to its ability to bind to different substrates that ranges from metal surface to collagen. Similarly, in leather tanning, chromium has been an extensively used metal ion as it binds strongly with collagen and enhances its stability.

Broad Antiviral Effects of against SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern and Potential Mechanism of Action.

SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) represent an alarming threat as they show altered biological behavior and may escape vaccination effectiveness. Broad-spectrum antivirals could play an important role to control infections. The activity of (Echinaforce extract, EF) against (i) VOCs B1.

Hybrid nanostructured gadolinium oxide-collagen-dextran polymeric hydrogel for corneal repair and regeneration.

A bio composite hydrogel containing collagen, dextran and rare earth metal nanoparticle, gadolinium oxide nanoparticle was prepared for corneal tissue regenerative application. Gadolinium oxide nanoparticles which are widely used in MRI scanning application are not much explored for tissue regenerative applications. The synthesized nanoparticles provided stability and therapeutic potential to collagen-dextran composite for achieving tissue regenerative potential.

Isotope-edited vibrational circular dichroism study reveals a flexible N-terminal structure of islet amyloid peptide (NFGAIL) in amyloid fibril form: A site-specific local structural analysis.

The short peptide fragment NFGAIL (IAPf) is a well-known amyloidogenic peptide (22-27), derived from human islet amyloid polypeptide(hIAPP), whose fibrillar structure is often used to better understand the wild-type hIAPP amyloid fibrils, associated with type II diabetes. Despite an extensive study, the fibrillar structure of IAPf at the amino acid residue level is still unclear. Herein, the vibrational circular dichroism(VCD) spectroscopic technique coupled with isotope labelling strategy has been used to study the site-specific local structure of IAPf amyloid fibrils.

Electrochemical Response of Redox Amino Acid Encoded Fluorescence Protein for Hydroxychloroquine Sensing.

The sudden rise in the demand has led to large-scale production of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in the global market for various diseases such as malaria, rheumatic arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematous and prophylactic treatment of early SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Thorough monitoring of HCQ intake patients is in high demand; hence, we have developed a redox amino acid encoded fluorescent protein-based electrochemical biosensor for sensitive and selective detection of HCQ. This electrochemical biosensor is generated based on the two-electron transfer process between redox amino acid (3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine, DOPA) encoded bio-redox protein and the HCQ forms the conjugate.

Engineering microbial cells with metal chelating hydroxylated unnatural amino acids for removable of synthetic pollutants from water.

Lead (Pb) is a well-known heavy metal and toxic synthetic industrial pollutant in the ecosystem and causes severe threats to living organisms. It is paramount to develop a sustainable microbial engineering approach to remove synthetic pollutants from the environment. Genetic code engineering is emerging as an important microbial engineering tool in biosciences to biosynthesis congener protein production beyond the canonical set of natural molecules and expand the chemistries of living cells.

Valorization of tannery solid wastes for sustainable enzyme induced carbonate precipitation process.

Biocementation via enzyme induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) is an emerging ground improvement technique that utilizes urease for calcium carbonate precipitation. Usage of expensive laboratory grade chemicals in EICP hinders its implementation at field level applications. In this study, the feasibility of utilizing solid wastes generated from leather industry was investigated for EICP process.