DNA fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Agra region by IS 6110 probe.

DNA fingerprinting using IS 6110 probe has been used all over the world quite successfully to characterize M. tuberculosis strains. The present study has been carried out to study the polymorphism among isolates of M.

Prevalence of leprosy in Agra District (U.P.) India from 2001 to 20031.

Leprosy prevalence has reportedly declined all over the world, but six countries, including India, are still endemic for the disease. India alone contributes about 60% to the world's leprosy case load, with the major share from its northern states. The present study done in Agra district was based on a randomly-selected sample of over 10% of the population, spread across 300 villages and 16 urban units of the district.

Persister studies in leprosy patients after multi-drug treatment.

Cutaneous biopsies were collected from leprosy patients who attended the out-patient department of the Institute for treatment at different intervals, i.e., 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 36 months, and more after beginning the multi-drug treatment therapy (M.

On cell signalling mechanism of Mycobacterium leprae soluble antigen (MLSA) in Jurkat T cells.

We investigated the role of Mycobaterium leprae soluble antigen (MLSA) in the modulation of calcium signalling, phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases and IL-2 mRNA expression in human Jurkat T cells. We observed that MLSA induced an increase in free intracellular calcium concentrations, [Ca2+]i, via opening CRAC (Ca2+-release activated- Ca2+) channels. Furthermore, MLSA failed to potentiate both thapsigargin- and anti-CD3 antibodies-induced capacitative calcium influx in Jurkat T cells.

Seroprevalence of HIV infection among tuberculosis patients in Agra, India--a hospital-based study.

In this study which was carried over a period of 4 years, from 2001 to 2004, 600 adult patients with active TB disease attending the OPD of TBDTC, Agra, were screened for HIV-1/2 antibodies. Of these, 26 were found to be HIV-positive. Seroprevalence of HIV infection among adult TB patients in Agra is 4.

Newer diagnostic techniques for tuberculosis.

Diagnosis of tuberculosis is mainly based on clinical features, histopathology, demonstration of acid fast bacilli (AFB) and isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from the clinical specimens. These techniques have limitations of speed, sensitivity and specificity. During the last two decades several rapid techniques for detection of early growth (5-14 days as compared to 2-8 wk with conventional methods) have been described which can help in obtaining the culture and sensitivity reports relatively early.

Infections due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM).

The membership list of genus mycobacterium is ever expanding and it has grown to 95 in year 2003. While leprosy and tuberculosis are specific diseases caused by mycobacteria, other members are usually saprophytes but can be opportunistic and at times deadly pathogens. These other mycobacteria are referred to as atypical mycobacteria, non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) or mycobacteria other than tubercle bacilli (MOTT).

In situ hybridization in the histological diagnosis of early and clinically suspect leprosy.

The present study tests the utility of the in situ hybridization procedure for M. leprae rRNA in the histological diagnosis of early leprosy and clinically suspect leprosy, both diagnostically demanding situations. The histological confirmation obtained with routine histopathology (Haematoxylin-Eosin staining for studying morphologic alterations and Fite-Faraco staining for demonstration of acid-fast bacilli) were 32% for early leprosy and 25% for clinically suspect leprosy.

Correlation of mutations detected by INNO-LiPA with levels of rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Background & Objectives: Due to emergence of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, there is a need to have accurate and rapid methods for detection of drug resistance to important drugs like rifampicin. The present study was aimed at evaluation of a commercially available INNO-LiPA assay, for the detection of mutation in rpoB gene region of M. tuberculosis and correlate these mutations with levels of rifampicin resistance for assessing their clinical relevance.

10-12 years follow-up of highly bacillated BL/LL leprosy patients on combined chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

This study reports the follow-up results of 36 highly bacillated untreated BL/LL cases who were serially allocated to three treatment groups. Group I patients received a modified WHO regimen (Rifampicin 600 mg once a month supervised, 50 mg of Clofazimine and 100 mg of Dapsone daily unsupervised) and BCG 0.1 mg per dose 6 monthly; group II patients received the same multi-drug treatment (MDT) and Mw (2 x 10(8) killed bacilli per dose) 6 monthly: group III patients received the same MDT with 0.

Optimization of procedures for isolation of mycobacteria from soil and water samples obtained in northern India.

For isolation of environmental mycobacteria, a decontamination procedure has been standardized by which treatment with 3% sodium dodecyl sulfate plus 4% NaOH (15 and 30 min for rapid and slow growers, respectively) is followed by incubation with 2% cetrimide (5 and 15 min for fast- and slow-growing mycobacteria, respectively); this procedure was found to completely eliminate contamination with other organisms and resulted in the isolation of only mycobacteria.