A Second Near-Infrared Window-Responsive Metal-Organic-Framework-Based Photosensitizer for Tumor Immunotherapy via Synergistic Ferroptosis and STING Activation.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) holds promise as a cancer treatment modality due to its potential for enhanced therapy precision and safety. To enhance deep tissue penetration and minimize tissue adsorption and phototoxicity, developing photosensitizers activated by second near-infrared window (NIR-II) light shows significant potential. However, the efficacy of PDT is often impeded by tumor microenvironment hypoxia, primarily caused by irregular tumor vasculature.

Diverse and highly differentiated lava suite in Jezero crater, Mars: Constraints on intracrustal magmatism revealed by Mars 2020 PIXL.

The Jezero crater floor features a suite of related, iron-rich lavas that were examined and sampled by the Mars 2020 rover Perseverance, and whose textures, minerals, and compositions were characterized by the Planetary Instrument for X-ray Lithochemistry (PIXL). This suite, known as the Máaz formation (fm), includes dark-toned basaltic/trachy-basaltic rocks with intergrown pyroxene, plagioclase feldspar, and altered olivine and overlying trachy-andesitic lava with reversely zoned plagioclase phenocrysts in a K-rich groundmass. Feldspar thermal disequilibrium textures indicate that they were carried from their crustal staging area.

Characterization and quantification of iron species in the banded iron formations (BIFs) in China Craton to explore the potential for H2 production using XRD and Mössbauer spectroscopy.

Banded iron formations (BIFs), significant iron ore deposits formed approximately 2.3 billion years ago under low-oxygen conditions, have recently gained attention as potential geological sources for evaluating hydrogen (H₂) production. BIFs are characterized by high concentrations of iron oxide (20 to 40 wt.

Indole-3-Lactic Acid Inhibits Doxorubicin-Induced Ferroptosis Through Activating Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor/Nrf2 Signalling Pathway.

The clinical application of doxorubicin (DOX) is limited due to its cardiotoxicity, which is primarily attributed to its interaction with iron in mitochondria, leading to lipid peroxidation and myocardial ferroptosis. This study aimed to investigate the role of the gut microbiota-derived metabolite, indole-3-lactic acid (ILA), in mitigating DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). Cardiac function, pathological changes, and myocardial ferroptosis were assessed in vivo.

Identifying potential genes driving ferroptosis in the substantia nigra and dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by dopaminergic (DA) neuron degeneration in the substantia nigra (SN). Conventional dopamine replacement therapies provide limited long-term efficacy and significant side effects. Emerging evidence suggests ferroptosis-a form of cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation-contributes to PD pathology, though direct evidence linking dysregulation of ferroptosis-related genes in DA neuron loss in PD remains limited.

DNA Damage-Induced Ferroptosis: A Boolean Model Regulating p53 and Non-Coding RNAs in Drug Resistance.

The tumor suppressor p53, in its wild-type form, plays a central role in cellular homeostasis by regulating senescence, apoptosis, and autophagy within the DNA damage response (DDR). Recent findings suggest that wild-type p53 also governs ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death process driven by lipid peroxidation. Post-translational modifications of p53 generate proteoforms that significantly enhance its functional diversity in regulating these mechanisms.

SidF, a dual substrate N5-acetyl-N5-hydroxy-L-ornithine transacetylase involved in siderophore biosynthesis.

Siderophore-mediated iron acquisition is essential for the virulence of , a fungus causing life-threatening aspergillosis. Drugs targeting the siderophore biosynthetic pathway could help improve disease management. The transacetylases SidF and SidL generate intermediates for different siderophores in .

Improved protocol for metabolite extraction and identification of respiratory quinones in extremophilic Archaea grown on mineral materials.

We investigated the metabolome of the iron- and sulfur-oxidizing, extremely thermoacidophilic archaeon grown on mineral pyrite (FeS). The extraction of organic materials from these microorganisms is a major challenge because of the tight contact and interaction between cells and mineral materials. Therefore, we applied an improved protocol to break the microbial cells and separate their organic constituents from the mineral surface, to extract lipophilic compounds through liquid-liquid extraction, and performed metabolomics analyses using MALDI-TOF MS and UHPLC-UHR-Q/TOF.

Brain Iron Deposition Alterations in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment Based on Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping.

Background: Iron is one of the most important elements in brain that may has a direct impact on the stability of central nervous system. The current study devoted to explore the alterations of iron distribution across the whole brain in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: The quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) technique was used to quantify the intracranial iron content of 74 T2DM patients with MCI and 86 T2DM patients with normal cognition (NC).

Field switching of microfabricated metamagnetic FeRh MRI contrast agents.

In a step towards generating switchable MRI cellular labels, we demonstrate in-situ field switching of micron scale metamagnetic Iron-Rhodium (FeRh) thin film particles. A thin-film (200 nm) FeRh sample was fabricated and patterned into an array of progressively smaller squares with sizes ranging from 500 μm down to 1 μm. The large first order phase change from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic state was characterized using vibrating sample magnetometry, magnetic force microscopy, and MRI.

Hyper-Cross-Linked Polymer-Derived Carbon-Coated Fe-Ni Alloy/CNT as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Rechargeable Zinc-Air Batteries.

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are considered to be the most important processes in metal-air batteries and regenerative fuel cell devices. Metal-organic polymers are attracting interest as promising precursors of advanced metal/carbon electrocatalysts because of their hierarchical porous structure along with the integrated metal-carbon framework. We developed carbon-coated CNTs with Ni/Fe and Cu/Fe as active sites.

Barriers and enablers in the micronutrient powder supply chain: lessons from a process evaluation of a home fortification programme in Bangladesh.

Background: Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC), a leading non-governmental organization (NGO), implemented a large-scale Home Fortification (HF) with Micronutrient Powder (MNP) programme from 2013 to 2018 aimed to reduce undernutrition and iron deficiency anemia among children aged below 5 years old. An adequate and timely supply of MNP was crucial for successful implementation of the programme, but very few studies have documented implementers' MNP supply chain experiences. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the barriers and enablers in the MNP supply chain in Bangladesh.

Iron-oxidizing microorganisms affect the iron-bound organic carbon in the subsoil of alpine grassland during the thawing of seasonal frozen soil.

Iron (Fe) minerals possess a huge specific surface area and high adsorption affinity, usually considered as "rust tanks" of organic carbon (OC), playing an important role in global carbon storage. Microorganisms can change the chemical form of Fe by producing Fe-chelating agents such as side chains and form a stable complex with Fe(III), which makes it easier for microorganisms to use. However, in seasonal frozen soil thawing, the succession of soil Fe-cycling microbial communities and their coupling relationship with Fe oxides and Fe-bound organic carbon (Fe-OC) remains unclear.

Methyltransferase-like 7B participates in bladder cancer via ACSL3 mA modification in a ferroptosis manner.

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) is a malignant tumor. Methyltransferase-like 7B (MEETL7B) is a methyltransferase and its role in BC has not yet been revealed.

Method: Stable METTL7B knockdown or overexpression were achieved by lentiviral transduction in SW780 and TCCSUP cell lines.

Overlap autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis in a patient with multiple sclerosis.

A 16-year-old boy was diagnosed from multiple sclerosis (MS) after suffering from paresthesia in upper limbs and VI cranial nerve paresis. Corticosteroids and fingolimod were started. After 13 months a worsening of liver biochemical tests (LBT) was noticed: ALP 787 U/L, GGT 737 U/L, AST 195, ALT 321, Bi 0.

Metabolic reprogramming and macrophage expansion define ACPA-negative rheumatoid arthritis: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing.

Background: Anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA)-negative (ACPA-) rheumatoid arthritis (RA) presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to the absence of specific biomarkers, underscoring the need to elucidate its distinctive cellular and metabolic profiles for more targeted interventions.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing data from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and synovial tissues of patients with ACPA- and ACPA+ RA, as well as healthy controls, were analyzed. Immune cell populations were classified based on clustering and marker gene expression, with pseudotime trajectory analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and transcription factor network inference providing further insights.

Glial cells improve Parkinson's disease by modulating neuronal function and regulating neuronal ferroptosis.

The main characteristics of Parkinson's disease (PD) are the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons and abnormal aggregation of cytosolic proteins. However, the exact pathogenesis of PD remains unclear, with ferroptosis emerging as one of the key factors driven by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Glial cells, including microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, serve as supportive cells in the central nervous system (CNS), but their abnormal activation can lead to DA neuron death and ferroptosis.

Normothermic Liver Machine Perfusion At a Large European Center -Real World Outcomes Following 238 Applications.

Objective: To report outcomes from routine clinical practice of liver transplantation (LT) following normothermic liver machine perfusion (NLMP) and compare to LT after static cold storage (SCS).

Background: NLMP is emerging as a clinical routine in LT as has recently received renewed attention, however outcomes outside of clinical trials are lacking.

Methods: All adult LT between February 2018 and January 2023 were included.

Association between serum copper concentration and body composition in children with spinal muscular atrophy: a cross-sectional study.

Background And Objectives: The role of serum copper in modulating body composition in patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) remains uncertain. This study aimed to illustrate the correlation between serum copper concentration and body composition in children with SMA.

Methods And Study Design: This study was conducted at a pediatric medical center in China from July 2019 to August 2022.

TDP-43 transports ferritin heavy chain mRNA to regulate oxidative stress in neuronal axons.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by the mislocalization and abnormal deposition of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43). This protein plays important roles in RNA metabolism and transport in motor neurons and glial cells. In addition, abnormal iron accumulation and oxidative stress are observed in the brain and spinal cord of patients with ALS exhibiting TDP-43 pathology and in animal models of ALS.

Mitochondrial Mayhem: How cigarette smoke induces placental dysfunction through MMS19 degradation.

Cigarette smoke (CS) has detrimental effects on placental growth and embryo development, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the impact of CS on trophoblast cell proliferation and regulated cell death (RCD) by examining its interference with iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) proteins and the CIA pathway. Exposure to CS disrupted the cytosolic ISC assembly (CIA) pathway, downregulated ISC proteins, and decreased ISC maturation in the placenta of rats exposed to passive smoking.

Oral iron sulfide prevents acute alcohol intoxication by initiating the endogenous multienzymatic antioxidant defense system.

Acute alcohol intoxication could cause multiorgan damage, including nervous, digestive, and cardiovascular systems, and in particular, irreversible damage to the brain and liver. Emerging studies have revealed that the endogenous multienzymatic antioxidant defense system (MEAODS) plays a central role in preventing oxidative stress and other toxicological compounds produced by alcohol. However, few available drugs could quickly regulate MEAODS.

Foliar image-based characterization of airborne particulate matter in an urban area and its implications for remediation.

This study addresses the pervasive issue of particulate matter (PM) emission in urban areas, proposing a better approach using scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques to identify plant species effective in airborne PM removal. Conducted in Bilaspur city, the research strategically selected six plant species across four distinct sites and applied the SEM-Image J method for analysis, yielding significant insights, especially in the respirable PM range. Among the tested plant species, Senna Siamea and Dalbergia Sissoo emerged as consistent and standout performers, displaying the highest PM removal efficiency across all sites.

Maternal exposure to deltamethrin during pregnancy and lactation impairs hippocampal learning and memory function of male offspring by ferroptosis.

Deltamethrin (DM), a broad-spectrum insecticide, is widely used in the world. It can exert direct action on the central nervous system to produce neurotoxicity. Exposure to DM can lead to iron metabolism disorder, oxidative stress and learning and memory dysfunction.

Trichoderma virens XZ11-1 producing siderophores inhibits the infection of Fusarium oxysporum and promotes plant growth in banana plants.

Background: Banana Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense is a soil-borne fungal disease.