Physico-Chemical Investigation of Endodontic Sealers Exposed to Simulated Intracanal Heat Application: Hydraulic Calcium Silicate-Based Sealers.

The aim of this study was to gain information about the effect of thermal treatment of calcium silicate-based sealers. BioRoot RCS (BR), Total Fill BC Sealer (TFBC), and Total Fill BC Sealer HiFlow (TFHF) were exposed to thermal treatment at 37 °C, 47 °C, 57 °C, 67 °C, 77 °C, 87 °C and 97 °C for 30 s. Heat treatment at 97 °C was performed for 60 and 180 s to simulate inappropriate application of warm obturation techniques.

Smear layer removal and sealer penetration with different tapers after using photon-initiated photoacoustic streaming technique.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the photon-initiated photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) technique on irrigation performance with different instrumentation tapers in root canals regarding smear layer removal and subsequent sealer penetration.

Materials And Methods: One hundred twenty human mandibular molars were divided into three equal groups according to the apical preparation taper (25/4%, 25/6%, and 25/8%). Each group was divided into two equal subgroups, one received passive irrigation (PI) while the other received PIPS activation of 2.

Restorative treatment in a case of amelogenesis imperfecta and 9-year follow-up: a case report.

Background: Amelogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary malformation showing various manifestations regarding enamel dysplasia. This case report shows a 9-year follow-up after restorative treatment of a 16-year old female patient affected by a hypoplastic type of amelogenesis imperfecta. The caries-free, hypersensitive teeth of the patient were restored by direct dentin adhesive composite restorations performed in total etch technique.

Real-time intracanal temperature measurement comparing mechanically and laser-activated irrigation to syringe irrigation.

Antibacterial activity and tissue dilution of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) are improved by moderately heating the irrigant. Temperature can be risen by preheating or intracanal activation. To assess intracanal temperature development of NaOCl during irrigation activation and syringe activation (SI) in a closed system at 37°C, Type-K thermocouples were inserted close to the root canal of one human single-rooted maxillary canine at the apex and 5 and 10 mm from the apical foramen via drilled holes.

Simvastatin Induces In Vitro Mineralization Effects of Primary Human Odontoblast-Like Cells.

Simvastatin (SV) is an often prescribed statin reducing the LDL-concentration in circulating blood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pleiotropic effects of SV to primary human odontoblast-like cells. Twenty four wisdom teeth of different subjects were extracted and the pulp tissue was removed and minced under sterile conditions.

Simvastatin induces adverse effects on proliferation and mineralization of human primary osteoblasts.

Background: Frequently statins were administered to reduce the LDL-concentration in circulating blood. Especially simvastatin (SV) is an often prescribed statin. Pleiotropic effects of these drugs were reported.

Perception of a modular 3D print model in undergraduate endodontic education.

Aim: To evaluate a modular 3D print training dental model with embedded human teeth and electronic working length determination for undergraduate endodontic education.

Methodology: Cone-beam volume tomography data of a human skull were transferred into stereolithographic (STL) data, and a customizable modular 3D print model with individually removable sextants and teeth was generated for the use in commercially available phantom heads. Each of sixty-eight students performed a complete root canal treatment on an extracted human tooth.

Tube Technique with Light-curing Composite for Removing Fractured Root Canal Instruments: Influence of Polymerization Cycles and Mechanical Exposure.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of both polymerization cycles and mechanical exposure procedures on the adhesion of instrument fragments using a modified tube technique with a light-curing composite.

Methods: Eighty Mtwo instruments (size 15.05; VDW, Munich, Germany) were cut at a diameter of 35/100 mm and clamped in a vice with an overlap of 2 mm.

Physico-chemical investigation of endodontic sealers exposed to simulated intracanal heat application: epoxy resins and zinc oxide-eugenols.

Aim: To gain information in a laboratory setting about the effect of thermal treatment of epoxy resin-based and zinc oxide-eugenol-based sealers.

Methodology: AH Plus and Pulp Canal Sealer (PCS) were exposed to thermal treatment at 37, 47, 57, 67, 77, 87 and 97 °C for 30 s. According to clinically relevant considerations, intracanal sealer temperature is likely not to exceed 60 °C during warm vertical root canal filling.

Removing Fractured Endodontic NiTi Instruments with a Tube Technique: Influence of Pre-Treatment with Various Agents on Adhesive Forces In Vitro.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the adhesive forces for removing iatrogenically fractured endodontic nickel-titanium instruments using a modified tube technique with various pre-treatment agents in combination with a light-curing composite. 120 Nickel-Titanium-Mtwo instruments were cut at its parallel shaft and fixed in a vise with an overlap of 2 mm. The surfaces were treated with different agents: A) GC Metalprimer; B) Prime and Bond active; C) NaOCl (3%); D) citric acid (15%); E) phosphoric acid (37%) and group (F) was not pretreated (control).

Imaging of root canal treatment using ultra high field 9.4T UTE-MRI - a preliminary study.

Objectives: To investigate the potential of 9.4T ultrashort echo time (UTE) technology visualizing tooth anatomy and root canal treatment . In particular, it was evaluated whether the currently achievable resolution is suited presenting all anatomical structures and whether the root canal filling materials are distinguishable in UTE-MRI.

Duration of Immersion and Type of Immersion Solution Distort the Outcome of Push-Out Bond Strength Testing Protocols.

This study aimed to investigate the influence of immersion duration and the type of immersion solution on the outcome of push-out bond strength (POBS) tests. Root canals of 120 straight single-rooted teeth were instrumented to a diameter of 1.5 mm and irrigated with 5 mL of 3% NaOCl.

Impact of new cross-sectional designs on the shaping ability of rotary NiTi instruments in S-shaped canals.

The aim was to compare the shaping ability of different rotary nickel-titanium instruments in simulated S-shaped canals. One hundred S-shaped canals in resin blocks were prepared to an apical size 25 using F6 SkyTaper (Komet), Silk Files .04, Silk Files .

Quality of root canal fillings and prevalence of apical radiolucencies in a German population: a CBCT analysis.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and quality of root canal fillings (RCF) and the prevalence of apical radiolucency (AR) in a German population.

Material And Methods: Five hundred randomly selected full-size CBCT images (Planmeca ProMax 3D, FOV = 8 × 8 cm, voxel size 160 μm or 200 μm) were obtained from German patients (40.6% = ♂; 59.

Histological determination of cariously altered collagen after dentin caries excavation with the polymer bur PolyBur P1 in comparison to a conventional bud bur.

Background: To compare the polymer bur PolyBur P1 (P1) with tungsten carbide bud bur H1 SE (H1) in removing cariously altered collagen during dentin caries excavation.

Methods: Fifty extracted teeth were split in the center of a carious lesion. The 100 specimens were randomly divided into 5 groups.

Shaping Ability of ProTaper Universal, ProTaper NEXT and WaveOne Primary in Severely Curved Resin Blocks.

Aim: Complex anatomy of roots requires endodontic rotary instruments that respect and follow that anatomy. The purpose of this study was to compare the shaping ability of three engine-driven nickel-titanium instruments in severely curved simulated canals.

Materials And Methods: Forty-eight severely curved simulated canals in resin blocks were prepared to an apical size of 25 using the following systems (n = 16 per group): ProTaper Universal (PTU), ProTaper NEXT (PTN), and WaveOne Primary (WO) (all Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland).

Oral symptoms and oral health-related quality of life of individuals with x-linked hypophosphatemia.

Background: The primary purpose of this study was to collect data on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of individuals with x-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH). It was also designed to gather information on the period of diagnosis, oral symptoms, orthodontic therapy, and satisfaction with dental care and the healthcare system.

Methods: A questionnaire was developed to evaluate the OHRQoL consisting of open-ended questions and the standardised German version of the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14).

Removal of Calcium Hydroxide from Artificial Grooves in Straight Root Canals: Sonic Activation Using EDDY Versus Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation and XPendo Finisher.

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to compare sonic activation using EDDY (VDW, Munich, Germany), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and mechanical activation using the XPendo Finisher (FKG Dentaire, La Chaux-des-Fonds, Switzerland) for the removal of calcium hydroxide from artificial grooves in straight root canals.

Methods: The root canals of 90 human maxillary incisors with straight root canals were prepared using Mtwo files (VDW) up to size 40/.04, and the teeth were split longitudinally.

Endodontic sealers based on calcium silicates: a systematic review.

Recently, sealers based on calcium silicates were developed as a new class of endodontic sealers. Inspired by the excellent sealing ability and biocompatibility of calcium silicate-based cements, these sealers establish a biological point of view on the obturation of root canals. No longer, the bacteria-tight seal against reinfection of the root canal is the only goal of root canal obturation.

Clinical evaluation of direct pulp capping using a calcium silicate cement-treatment outcomes over an average period of 2.3 years.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the treatment outcomes of direct pulp capping with a calcium silicate cement (Biodentine) after caries excavation.

Materials And Methods: A total of 245 teeth of 226 patients diagnosed to be clinical healthy or showing spontaneous pain were directly capped. The teeth were examined 0.

Real-time Intracanal Temperature Measurement During Different Obturation Techniques.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to assess temperature development in endodontic sealers during different obturation techniques in a closed system simulating the surrounding biological structures at body temperature.

Methods: The root canals of 48 human single-rooted maxillary canines were instrumented with ProTaper Gold (Dentsply Sirona, York, PA) to size F3. On the buccal aspect of each root, artificial side canals with a diameter of 0.

Influence of the final irrigation solution on the push-out bond strength of calcium silicate-based, epoxy resin-based and silicone-based endodontic sealers.

The aim was to evaluate the influence of different irrigation solutions on the push-out bond strength (POBS) of three different sealers (AH Plus, BioRoot RCS, GuttaFlow2). Root canals of 180 single-rooted human teeth were instrumented with F360 up to size 45.04.

Solubility and pH Value of 3 Different Root Canal Sealers: A Long-term Investigation.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the solubility and the change in pH of a tricalcium silicate-containing sealer (BioRoot RCS [BR]), a mineral trioxide aggregate-containing sealer (MTA Fillapex [MTA]), and an epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus [AH]) during a longer period of time.

Methods: The solubility test was carried out in accordance with ISO6876:2012. Three hundred eighty sealer samples (n = 10 per group) were stored for 6 months in double distilled water (AD) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS).

The push-out bond strength of calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers.

Background: The aim was to compare the dislodgement resistance of calcium silicate-based sealers (Total Fill BC Sealer, Endo CPM Sealer, BioRoot RCS) with an epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus).

Methods: The root canals of 80 single-rooted human teeth were instrumented with F360 up to size 45.04.

Evaluation of the biocompatibility of root canal sealers on human periodontal ligament cells ex vivo.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of two comparatively new calcium silicate containing sealers (MTA-Fillapex and BioRoot-RCS) with that of two established sealers (AH-Plus, epoxy resin-based; Pulp-Canal-Sealer, zinc oxide eugenol containing). Human periodontal ligament cells (PDL-cells) were brought in contact with eluates from freshly mixed and set sealer. The sealers were mixed strictly according to the manufacturers' instructions and identically samples were produced.