Gentamicin once-daily versus thrice-daily in children.

Fifty children aged 3 months--16 y with Gram-negative bacterial infections, were evaluated in this open randomized study; 26 received gentamicin 4.5 mg/kg/day, once daily, and 24 received the same daily dosage, in three divided doses. The groups had similar demographic and clinical characteristics.

Intravenous administration of gentamicin once daily versus thrice daily in adults.

The efficacy and safety of intravenous gentamicin administered once daily versus thrice daily was evaluated in adults. Patients over 16 years of age with a suspected or documented gram-negative infection were randomly divided into two groups: one group received gentamicin intravenously 4.5 mg/kg once daily (n = 48), and the other received 1.

[Transient thyroid dysfunction during chronic viral hepatitis treated with alpha-interferon].

2 patients with chronic viral hepatitis were treated with alpha-interferon and developed thyroid dysfunction. Both patients were previously euthyroid and had thyroids of normal size. 1 developed hypothyroidism (FT4 0.

Superovulation and intrauterine insemination in the treatment of male factor infertility.

Recent studies report that superovulation combined with intrauterine insemination (IUI) is more successful than superovulation alone, IUI alone or superovulation with intracervical insemination in couples with male subfertility. Our study evaluated two superovulation protocols in the management of male factor infertility using IUI: (A) clomiphene citrate and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and (B) human menopausal gonadotropin and HCG. Fifteen couples with severe oligoasthenozoospermia (OAS) were treated with protocol A in 54 cycles, and no pregnancies were achieved.

Oral fluoroquinolone use in the community.

The use of oral fluoroquinolone in the community was evaluated in the Jezreel Valley area in northern Israel over an 8-month period. A total of 1,136 prescriptions for oral quinolones were prescribed for a population of 300,000 people. The findings of the study show that 70% of the prescriptions were initiated by outpatient clinic specialists or at hospital discharge, and that 70% of all prescriptions were justified and properly prescribed.

Limited role for intratubal methotrexate treatment of ectopic pregnancy.

Objective: To test the effectiveness of laparoscopic intratubal methotrexate (MTX) injection or salpingostomy in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy (EP).

Design: Prospective predefined protocol.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of a university-affiliated hospital.

Spontaneous resolution of ectopic tubal pregnancy: natural history.

Objective: To determine the characteristics and long-term outcome of women succeeding or failing expectant management of ectopic pregnancy (EP).

Design: Prospective, defined protocol.

Setting: University-affiliated gynecology department.

The cytochemical profile of visceral mesothelium under the influence of lactated-hyperosmolar peritoneal dialysis solutions.

Male albino mice had one daily intraperitoneal injection of 4.25 g/100 ml glucose concentration fluid for peritoneal dialysis at pH 5.0-5.

Acute and long-term changes observed in imprints of mouse mesothelium exposed to glucose-enriched, lactated, buffered dialysis solutions.

Solutions for peritoneal dialysis (PD), the hyperosmolarity of which is obtained with glucose, have been shown to initiate and maintain a situation of continuous mesothelial cell injury associated with a process of regeneration which also takes place continuously. The present study was done using the in vivo and almost in situ technique of mesothelial cell imprints. Acute exposure to 4.

Inflammatory myopathy--early diagnosis and management by serum myosin light chains measurements.

The use of serum myosin light chain 1 (MLC1) in the diagnosis and treatment response of a patient with biopsy proven inflammatory myopathy is presented. A serum MLC1 level was elevated at presentation despite a normal creatine phosphokinase level. MLC1 levels more closely paralleled the clinical status than the aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase levels.

Sonographic presentation of Hirschsprung's disease. A case of an entirely aganglionic colon and ileum.

Prenatal sonographic presentation of Hirschsprung's disease has been considered non-specific and uncommon. This report presents a second-trimester fetus with an aganglionic colon and ileum diagnosed by the sonographic presentation of dilated fetal bowel loops, increased abdominal circumference, and mild polyhydramnios. The prenatal sonographic diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease helped to expedite early neonatal treatment.

Routine thyroid function tests in infertile women: are they necessary?

To investigate the yield of routine thyroid function testing in infertile women, the records of 444 infertile women were categorized to standard infertility groups. Thyroid function was evaluated by measuring plasma free thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone. All free thyroxine values were in the normal range (0.

The persisting mesonephric duct syndrome in a neonate with agenesis of the corpus callosum.

Agenesis of the corpus callosum is a rare condition, often associated with craniofacial, skeletal and genitourinary abnormalities. We report on a male newborn in whom all of these organ systems were affected. The genitourinary anomaly consisted of vaso-ureteral fusion accompanied by renal, ureteral, vesical, ductal and genital malformations.

[Thyroid dysfunction and goiter among immigrants from Ethiopia].

1131 immigrants from Gonder, Ethiopia were surveyed a year after arrival in Israel. The overall prevalence of goiter was 46.1%; the lowest rates (6.

Hirschsprung's disease associated with isolated familial medullary carcinoma of the thyroid.

We present two siblings with neonatal Hirschsprung's disease in whom isolated familial medullary carcinoma of the thyroid was diagnosed at the age of 16 and 19 years. Rectal biopsy in each patient revealed total absence of ganglion cells in the myenteric plexus and hypertrophied nerve fibers characteristic of Hirschsprung's disease. Both underwent total thyroidectomy and histological examination revealed bilateral and multifocal medullary carcinoma of the thyroid.

The use of ceftriaxone in the prevention of urinary tract infection in patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P).

We evaluated 101 patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate in this open randomized study in which 51 received antibiotic prophylaxis and 50 did not (control group). In those patients receiving antibiotics, ceftriaxone 1 g was administered intravenously within 1 h before transurethral prostatectomy and a second dose was given 3-4 days postoperatively, within 1 h before the suprapubic catheter was removed. The groups had similar clinical and demographic characteristics.

Recurrent sterile arthritis following primary septic meningococcal arthritis.

Primary septic meningococcal arthritis (PSMA) is an unusual manifestation of meningococcal disease. With appropriate antibiotic therapy, complete recovery is the rule. A "postinfectious arthritis" in the previously infected joint may ensue, however.

Prenatal diagnosis of congenital dysgranulopoietic neutropenia.

Congenital dysgranulopoietic neutropenia is a severe life-threatening disease characterized by specific dysmorphic granulocytes. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital neutropenia was reported first in 1983. In 1989 we reported a family with congenital dysgranulopoietic neutropenia in two siblings (one male and one female); in 1992 the mother became pregnant and prenatal diagnosis was performed by cordocentesis.

Ultrasound controlled operative hysteroscopy.

Background: Uterine perforation is one of the risks of operative hysteroscopy. Although usually performed alone, laparoscopy has been recommended to aid the surgeon in preventing uterine perforation at the time of operative hysteroscopy.

Study Design: Since women suffering from infertility or habitual abortion with known or suspected intrauterine pathologic factors are at low risk for secondary pelvic abnormalities, we have been using ultrasound for control during operative hysteroscopy in these women.

Post pulmonary embolism pericarditis. A rare entity diagnosed by combined lung scanning and chest radiograph study.

A patient is described in whom pericarditis appeared a few days after pulmonary embolism. Prompt improvement was noted following corticosteroid therapy. The possibility of pericarditis appearing following pulmonary embolism should be kept in mind, considering that both entities present with similar clinical manifestations but require different therapeutic approaches.

Intraamniotic infection with Candida albicans successfully treated with transcervical amnioinfusion of amphotericin.

We present a case in which a pregnant woman was seen at 27 weeks' gestation with premature rupture of membranes and intraamniotic infection with Candida albicans, which was treated with transcervical amnioinfusion of amphotericin B. After 7 days of treatment spontaneous vaginal labor developed. A female newborn of 1030 gm was delivered.

Double-blind study comparing 3-day regimens of cefixime and ofloxacin in treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women.

This double-blind randomized study compared 3-day regimens of cefixime (400 mg once daily) and ofloxacin (200 mg twice a day) in the treatment of urinary tract infections in women. The respective clinical cure rates for the two groups of women were 89 and 92% after 7 days and 81 and 84% after 4 weeks. The respective microbiological cure rates (free of bacteriuria) for the two groups of women were 83 and 86% after 7 days and 77 and 80% after 28 days.

[Herpes zoster treated with acyclovir].

During the past 5 years, 99 patients with herpes zoster were hospitalized and followed. Age, sex, localization of rash, complications, duration of hospitalization and treatment were analyzed. Most patients were in their 6th and 7th decades.

[Microalbuminuria and ischemic heart disease in noninsulin-dependent diabetes].

Prospective studies showed that hypersecretion of albumin in the urine of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with high morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease and nephropathy. 65 type 2 diabetes from 6 family medicine practices were studied. Microalbuminuria was found in 37% and was significantly more common in men than in women (53% and 23%, respectively; p < 0.