Sensitivity and specificity of serologic assays for detection of human infection with 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus in U.S. populations.

Swine origin 2009 H1N1 influenza virus has spread globally to cause the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century. Serological studies can improve our understanding of the extent of human infection and risk factors associated with the transmission of this pandemic virus. The "gold standard" for serodiagnosis of human influenza virus infection is the detection of seroconversion between acute- and convalescent-stage samples.

Decline and change in seasonality of US rotavirus activity after the introduction of rotavirus vaccine.

Background: In 2006, routine immunization of US infants against rotavirus was initiated. We assessed national, regional, and local trends in rotavirus testing and detection before and after vaccine introduction.

Methods: We examined data for July 2000 through June 2008 from a national network of approximately 70 US laboratories to compare geographical and temporal aspects of rotavirus season timing and peak activity.

The Chesson strain of plasmodium vivax in humans and different species of Aotus monkeys.

Comparison was made between the parasitemia of Chesson strain Plasmodium vivax in humans and in splenectomized Aotus lemurinus griseimembra, A. nancymaae, A. vociferans, and A.

HIV-infected Rwandan women have a high frequency of long-term survival.

Objectives: To evaluate rates of long-term survival in a prospective, longitudinal, closed HIV cohort in Africa between 1986 and 2006.

Methods: A total of 548 HIV-infected Rwandan women were recruited from prenatal clinics in Kigali and followed at 3-6 month intervals to February 2006. Overall, 401 women (73%) were HIV positive at initial cross-sectional testing in 1986 (seroprevalent cohort) and 147 women (27%) were initially HIV negative but seroconverted during follow-up from 1986 to 1993 (seroincident cohort).