Antihypertensive Medication Adherence and Medical Costs, Health Care Use, and Labor Productivity Among People With Hypertension.

Background: Hypertension affects nearly half of US adults yet remains inadequately controlled in over three-quarters of these cases. This study aimed to assess the association between adherence to antihypertensive medications and total medical costs, health care use, and productivity-related outcomes.

Methods And Results: We conducted cross-sectional analyses using MarketScan databases, which included individuals aged 18 to 64 years with noncapitated health insurance plans in 2019.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care Usage and Death by Neighborhood Poverty Among Individuals With Congenital Heart Defects, 4 US Surveillance Sites, 2011 to 2013.

Background: Socioeconomic factors may lead to a disproportionate impact on health care usage and death among individuals with congenital heart defects (CHD) by race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic factors. How neighborhood poverty affects racial and ethnic disparities in health care usage and death among individuals with CHD across the life span is not well described.

Methods And Results: Individuals aged 1 to 64 years, with at least 1 CHD-related () code were identified from health care encounters between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2013, from 4 US sites.

The Contribution of Declines in Blood Lead Levels to Reductions in Blood Pressure Levels: Longitudinal Evidence in the Strong Heart Family Study.

Background: Chronic lead exposure is associated with both subclinical and clinical cardiovascular disease. We evaluated whether declines in blood lead were associated with changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in adult American Indian participants from the SHFS (Strong Heart Family Study).

Methods And Results: Lead in whole blood was measured in 285 SHFS participants in 1997 to 1999 and 2006 to 2009.

Public Health Data Applications Using the CDC Tracking Network: Augmenting Environmental Hazard Information With Lower-Latency NASA Data.

Exposure to environmental hazards is an important determinant of health, and the frequency and severity of exposures is expected to be impacted by climate change. Through a partnership with the U.S.

Association Between a First-Degree Family History and Self-Reported Personal History of Obesity, Diabetes, and Heart and Blood Conditions: Results From the All of Us Research Program.

Background: Family history reflects the complex interplay of genetic susceptibility and shared environmental exposures and is an important risk factor for obesity, diabetes, and heart and blood conditions (ODHB). However, the overlap in family history associations between various ODHBs has not been quantified.

Methods And Results: We assessed the association between a self-reported family history of ODHBs and their risk in the adult population (age ≥20 years) of the AoU (All of Us) Research Program, a longitudinal cohort study of diverse participants across the United States.

Positive Predictive Value of , and , Codes for Identification of Congenital Heart Defects.

Background Administrative data permit analysis of large cohorts but rely on (), and () codes that may not reflect true congenital heart defects (CHDs). Methods and Results CHDs in 1497 cases with at least 1 encounter between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2019 in 2 health care systems, identified by at least 1 of 87 / CHD codes were validated through medical record review for the presence of CHD and CHD native anatomy. Interobserver and intraobserver reliability averaged >95%.

Risk of Cardiovascular Disease After COVID-19 Diagnosis Among Adults With and Without Diabetes.

Background Growing evidence suggests incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) may be a long-term outcome of COVID-19 infection, and chronic diseases, such as diabetes, may influence CVD risk associated with COVID-19. We evaluated the postacute risk of CVD >30 days after a COVID-19 diagnosis by diabetes status. Methods and Results We included adults ≥20 years old with a COVID-19 diagnosis from March 1, 2020 through December 31, 2021 in a retrospective cohort study from the IQVIA PharMetrics Plus insurance claims database.

Associations Between Eight Earth Observation-Derived Climate Variables and Enteropathogen Infection: An Independent Participant Data Meta-Analysis of Surveillance Studies With Broad Spectrum Nucleic Acid Diagnostics.

Diarrheal disease, still a major cause of childhood illness, is caused by numerous, diverse infectious microorganisms, which are differentially sensitive to environmental conditions. Enteropathogen-specific impacts of climate remain underexplored. Results from 15 studies that diagnosed enteropathogens in 64,788 stool samples from 20,760 children in 19 countries were combined.

Adenoviral vector-based platforms for developing effective vaccines to combat respiratory viral infections.

Since the development of the first vaccine against smallpox over two centuries ago, vaccination strategies have been at the forefront of significantly impacting the incidences of infectious diseases globally. However, the increase in the human population, deforestation and climate change, and the rise in worldwide travel have favored the emergence of new viruses with the potential to cause pandemics. The ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is a cruel reminder of the impact of novel pathogens and the suboptimal capabilities of conventional vaccines.

Rapid evolution of knockdown resistance haplotypes in response to pyrethroid selection in .

This study describes the evolution of haplotypes in in response to pyrethroid insecticide use over the course of 18 years in Iquitos, Peru. Based on the duration and intensiveness of sampling (~10,000 samples), this is the most thorough study of population genetics in .  to date within a city.

Association Between Work-Related Hyperthermia Emergency Department Visits and Ambient Heat in Five Southeastern States, 2010-2012-A Case-Crossover Study.

The objective of this study is to assess ambient temperatures' and extreme heat events' contribution to work-related emergency department (ED) visits for hyperthermia in the southeastern United States to inform prevention. Through a collaborative network and established data framework, work-related ED hyperthermia visits in five participating southeastern U.S.

Emergency Department Visits and Ambient Temperature: Evaluating the Connection and Projecting Future Outcomes.

The U.S. Global Climate Change Research Program has identified climate change as a growing public health threat.

Cost of intervention delivery in a lifestyle weight loss trial in type 2 diabetes: results from the Look AHEAD clinical trial.

Objective: The Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) trial was a randomized controlled clinical trial to compare the effects of 10 years of intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) with a control condition of diabetes support and education (DSE) on health outcomes in over 5,000 participants with type 2 diabetes. The ILI had significantly greater weight losses than DSE throughout the trial. The goal of this analysis is to describe the cost of delivering the intervention.