Body mass index and trajectories of muscle strength and physical function over time in Mexican American older adults: Sex differences.

Background And Aims: Worldwide, the prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased. We examined sex-specific patterns in the relationship of body mass index (BMI) with muscle strength and physical function among older Mexican Americans over time.

Methods And Results: Participants (N = 1975) aged ≥65 years (mean = 72.

Disrupted brain networks underlying high-fidelity memory retrieval in subjective cognitive decline: A task-based fMRI study.

Introduction: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is linked to memory complaints and disruptions in certain brain regions identified by molecular imaging and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. However, it remains unclear how these regions interact to contribute to both subjective and potential objective memory issues in SCD.

Methods: To address this gap, task-based imaging studies are essential.

Gallstones, cholecystectomy, and cancer risk: an observational and Mendelian randomization study.

This study aimed to comprehensively examine the association of gallstones, cholecystectomy, and cancer risk. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to estimate the observational associations of gallstones and cholecystectomy with cancer risk, using data from a nationwide cohort involving 239 799 participants. General and gender-specific two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was further conducted to assess the causalities of the observed associations.

Evaluation of the Test Phase of the "Program GIFT in Residence": Results from a Pilot Participatory Action Research.

Despite the negative effects on older adults, resident-to-resident aggression (RRA) remains a complex and understudied problem. Few interventions exist that address this issue by promoting goodwill. Using the intervention mapping approach, the evaluation of the test phase of the pilot Program GIFT in private seniors' residences (PSRs) (Quebec, Canada) was conducted through qualitative interviews with 25 residents, 21 staff members, and 4 managers.

CXCL12 impact on glioblastoma cells behaviors under dynamic culture conditions: Insights for developing new therapeutic approaches.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent malignant brain tumor, with an average survival time of 14 to 20 months. Its capacity to invade brain parenchyma leads to the failure of conventional treatments and subsequent tumor recurrence. Recent studies have explored new therapeutic strategies using a chemoattracting gradient to attract GBM cells into a soft hydrogel trap where they can be exposed to higher doses of radiation or chemotherapy.

Education level, contraceptive communication, and IUD use among rural-to-urban migrants in China: A qualitative study.

Chinese rural-to-urban migrant workers have high rates of unintended pregnancy, yet many are reluctant to choose the most effective forms of contraception, such as IUDs (intrauterine devices). Those who do are often socioeconomically disadvantaged, a finding that contradicts much health research, namely that higher SES individuals can access better healthcare. This puzzle highlights the need to understand better migrant workers' contraceptive decision-making.

Behavioral and genetic markers of susceptibility to escalate fentanyl intake.

Background: The "loss of control" over drug consumption, present in opioid use disorder (OUD) and known as escalation of intake, is well-established in preclinical rodent models. However, little is known about how antecedent behavioral characteristics, such as valuation of hedonic reinforcers prior to drug use, may impact the trajectory of fentanyl intake over time. Moreover, it is unclear if distinct escalation phenotypes may be driven by genetic markers predictive of OUD susceptibility.

Targeted long-read sequencing to quantify methylation of the C9orf72 repeat expansion.

Background: The gene C9orf72 harbors a non-coding hexanucleotide repeat expansion known to cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. While previous studies have estimated the length of this repeat expansion in multiple tissues, technological limitations have impeded researchers from exploring additional features, such as methylation levels.

Methods: We aimed to characterize C9orf72 repeat expansions using a targeted, amplification-free long-read sequencing method.

An expert consensus statement on biomarkers of ageing for use in intervention studies.

Biomarkers of ageing serve as important outcome measures in longevity-promoting interventions. However, there is limited consensus on which specific biomarkers are most appropriate for human intervention studies. This work aimed to address this need by establishing an expert consensus on biomarkers of ageing for use in intervention studies via the Delphi method.

The Fifth Annual Symposium of the Midwest Aging Consortium.

As the healthcare burden caused by an increasingly aging population rapidly rises, a pressing need exists for innovative geroscience research that can elucidate aging mechanisms and precipitate the development of therapeutic interventions to support healthy aging. The Fifth Annual Midwest Aging Consortium Aging Research symposium, held from April 28-30, 2024, was hosted by The Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio and featured presentations from investigators across the Midwestern United States. This report summarizes the research presented at the symposium, whose topics included cellular senescence and the aging brain, metabolism and metabolic interventions, nutrition, redox mechanisms and biomarkers, and stress mechanisms.

Prevalence and Phylogenetic Analysis of Rhinoviruses in Patients with Acute Respiratory Infections and Community-Acquired Pneumonia in a Referral Hospital, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Rhinoviruses are known as the leading pathogens of respiratory diseases. Determining the prevalence and phylogeny of rhinoviruses plays a pivotal role in producing vaccines and medications and preventing virus complications. This study investigated the frequency, and genetic variation of rhinoviruses detected in patients referred to Masih Daneshvari Hospital.

Frailty assessment in geriatric trauma patients: comparing the predictive value of the full and a condensed version of the Fried frailty phenotype.

Background: Frailty is associated with multiple negative outcomes in geriatric trauma patients. Simultaneously, frailty assessment including physical measurements for weakness (grip strength) and slowness (gait speed) poses challenges in this vulnerable patient group. We aimed to compare the full 5-component Fried Frailty Phenotype (fFP) and a condensed model (cFP) without physical measurements, with regard to predicting hospital length of stay (LOS) and discharge disposition (DD).

Length of hospital stay, delayed pneumonia diagnosis and post-discharge mortality. The Pneumonia in Italian Acute Care for Elderly units (PIACE)-SIGOT study.

Background: High-income countries are currently decreasing length of hospital stay (LOS), with the aim of improving resource utilization. Little is known about the contribution of LOS to short-term post-discharge mortality in older patients with pneumonia.

Aim: to identify factors independently associated with LOS and to determine whether LOS predicts 3-month post-discharge death in older patients hospitalized for pneumonia.

The double life of glucose metabolism: brain health, glycemic homeostasis, and your patients with type 2 diabetes.

The maintenance of cognitive function is essential for quality of life and health outcomes in later years. Cognitive impairment, however, remains an undervalued long-term complication of type 2 diabetes by patients and providers alike. The burden of sustained hyperglycemia includes not only cognitive deficits but also the onset and progression of dementia-related conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Biomarkers of cellular senescence and major health outcomes in older adults.

The geroscience hypothesis proposes that underlying biological processes, such as the accumulation of senescent cells, have deleterious effects on multiple tissues and increase the risk of many chronic conditions with aging. Senescent cells produce heterogenous biomarkers, also called senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Circulating concentrations of senescence biomarkers may reflect an underlying burden of senescent cells in various tissues.

Focusing on Caregiver Neglect: A Novel Strategy for Mistreatment of Older Adults Screening and Intervention.

Mistreatment of older adults is common and has serious health consequences but is under-recognized and under-reported. Screening for mistreatment of older adults and initiation of intervention in primary care clinics may be helpful, but the value of existing tools is not supported by evidence. We argue that shifting the focus to individual sub-types of mistreatment of older adults can provide improved approaches to screening and ultimately to intervention.

Unlocking the Potential of Senolytic Compounds: Advancements, Opportunities, and Challenges in Ageing-Related Research.

Cellular senescence is recognised as a contributor to the ageing process and the development of multiple age-related conditions. Researchers have launched efforts to identify compounds capable to selectively kill senescent cells, known as senolytics, without affecting non senescent cells. As of now, over 40 compounds have demonstrated senolytic properties, offering promising prospects for reversing or ameliorating age-related conditions in preclinical studies.

White matter free water mediates the associations between placental growth factor, white matter hyperintensities, and cognitive status.

Introduction: Placental growth factor (PlGF) may regulate cerebrovascular permeability. We hypothesized that white matter interstitial fluid accumulation, estimated via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) free water (FW), would explain the associations between elevated PlGF, white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and cognitive impairment.

Methods: MarkVCID consortium participants ≥55 years old with plasma PlGF and brain MRI were included.

Perceived usability and acceptability of the My-Hip Fracture risk communication tool from the perspective of academic clinicians.

Objective: We evaluated the usability and acceptability of My-Hip Fracture (My-HF), a web application that assists providers in delivering individualized prognostic information to patients hospitalized for hip fracture (HF).

Methods: We observed a sample of 16 clinicians as they navigated My-HF. We then administered a structured questionnaire and conducted semi-structured interviews to explore participants' opinions about the app's content and the feasibility of incorporating the app into clinical workflows.

The Potential Contribution of MyomiRs miR-133a-3p, -133b, and -206 Dysregulation in Cardiovascular Disease Risk.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major global health concern. The number of people with CVD is expected to rise due to aging populations and increasing risk factors such as obesity and diabetes. Identifying new molecular markers is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment.

A Review of the Association Between Dietary Intake and Brain Iron Levels in Older Adults: Preliminary Findings and Future Directions.

Non-heme iron is essential for critical neuronal functions such as ATP generation, synaptogenesis, neurotransmitter synthesis, and myelin formation. However, as non-heme iron accumulates with age, excessive levels can contribute to oxidative stress, potentially disrupting neuronal integrity and contributing to cognitive decline. Despite growing evidence linking high brain iron with poorer cognitive performance, there are currently no proven methods to reduce brain iron accumulation in aging or to protect cognitive function from iron's negative effects.

Sarcopenia in the Oldest-Old Adults in the Capital of Brazil: Prevalence and Its Associated Risk Factors.

Background: In light of the demographic context in which the older adult population is prominent, sarcopenia emerges as a significant concern for the health of these individuals.

Aim: To assess the frequency of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia and the associated risk factors in the oldest adults living in the community.

Methods: There were 399 participants aged 80 or older, of both sexes, using primary health care services in the metropolitan area of Brasília, Brazil.