[Correlations between visual fixation parameters, photosensitivity of the retina and visual acuity in various types of amblyopia].

Purpose: To study the parameters of visual fixation, photosensitivity in the macular region of the retina, and their correlation with the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) for various types of amblyopia.

Material And Methods: The study included 50 patients with an average age of 11.02±4.

[Pathogenetically oriented approach to prevention of retinopathy of prematurity (experimental study)].

Unlabelled: Intraperitoneal injections of exogenous melatonin during the development of the retinal vascular system in experimental rats has been shown in a number of experimental studies on the model of EROP to prevent the appearance of histological signs of the development of experimental retinopathy of prematurity (EROP), stabilize the blood-retinal barrier and have a pronounced antioxidant effect, but pathogenetic basis for these phenomena hasn't been studied.

Purpose: To study the influence mechanism of melatonin and its analogues on the development of EROP at the preclinical stage of the pathological process to substantiate new approaches to prevention of ROP.

Material And Methods: The study included 42 Wistar rat pups (84 eyes) divided into 6 groups: control group, experimental group (rat pups with EROP), experimental groups who underwent injections of melatonin and its analogues K-148, AL-3, K-096.

Superoxide Dismutase 1 Nanoparticles (Nano-SOD1) as a Potential Drug for the Treatment of Inflammatory Eye Diseases.

Inflammatory eye diseases remain the most common clinical problem in ophthalmology. The secondary processes associated with inflammation, such as overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and exhaustion of the endogenous antioxidant system, frequently lead to tissue degeneration, vision blurring, and even blindness. Antioxidant enzymes, such as copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1), could serve as potent scavengers of ROS.

[Laser corepraxy in mesodermal iris dysgenesis (Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome) (case report)].

The article describes a case of 7-year-old child with rare Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome demonstrating the effectiveness and safety of combined laser reconstructive surgeries - a non-invasive alternative to ordinary operations without needing anesthesia. The diversity of ophthalmic pathologies in this syndrome is the reason why the target, indications and optimal time for operation should be chosen individually. It is reasonable to suggest widening the indication spectrum for laser reconstructive surgery with consideration of surgeon experience and availability of high-tech equipment.

Terahertz scanning of the rabbit cornea with experimental UVB-induced damage: in vivo assessment of hydration and its verification.

Significance: Water content plays a vital role in the normally functioning visual system; even a minor disruption in the water balance may be harmful. Today, no direct method exists for corneal hydration assessment, while it could be instrumental in early diagnosis and control of a variety of eye diseases. The use of terahertz (THz) radiation, which is highly sensitive to water content, appears to be very promising.

[Age-related macular degeneration and diabetic eye lesion. Socio-economic aspects].

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) comprise a significant socio-medical problem for Russia. The article presents an analysis aimed at identifying the prerequisites for further research on the socio-economic consequences of retinal pathology. Studying the epidemiological aspects of DR and AMD, as well as the conditions for receiving medical aid helped define the main approaches to assessing the economic burden of retinal diseases in Russia.

[Protocol of intravitreal drug delivery. Consensus of the Expert Counsil of Retina and Optic Nerve Diseases of the All-Russian Public Organasation «Association of Ophthalmologists»].

Intravitreal drug administration is a procedure that has become widespread in modern ophthalmology. However, there is no global consensus on certain aspects of this manipulation, and practitioners feel the need for guidelines. In the Russian Federation, until now, such a document was not available.

[Features of anti-inflammatory therapy of bacterial corneal ulcers].

Unlabelled: Purpose - to evaluate clinical effectiveness and safety of anti-inflammatory therapy for the treatment of bacterial corneal ulcers.

Material And Methods: The study included 49 patients treated for bacterial corneal ulcers. Main study patients were divided into two subgroups - the 1st group in addition to conventional treatment received parabulbar injections of 0.

[Long-term functional outcomes after congenital cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation in children of the first year of life].

Purpose: To study best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and identify its relationship with various factors in eyes with pseudophakia in long-term periods after removal of congenital cataract (CC) in the first year of life.

Material And Methods: The study included 54 children (72 eyes) aged 4 to 12 years who had undergone CC removal with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation at the age of 2-11 months. Examination included: visual acuity testing, Flicker ERG 30 Hz electroretinography (MBN, Russia), optical coherence tomography (HRT-OCT) on the Heidelberg Spectralis (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany) platform.

Assessment of the Chemosensitivity of Uveal Melanoma Cells Ex Vivo.

The study was designed to create a primary cell culture of uveal melanoma and to evaluate its resistance to chemotherapy. Of the obtained 20 samples of uveal melanoma, the primary cultures with proliferation sufficient for MTT test were derived in only 7 cases. However, even these cultures were unable to survive more than 4 passages; the cells accumulated melanin and underwent apoptosis.

[The relationship between cognitive impairment and changes in retinal neuroarchitectonics].

Objective: To study the relationship between cognitive deficits and retinal neuroarchitectonics in Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, and glaucoma based on optical coherence tomography.

Material And Methods: A comprehensive examination of 90 patients with Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia and glaucoma was conducted. The patients were divided into three groups of 30 people each.

[Effectiveness and safety of drug combination therapy in patients with advanced primary open-angle glaucoma].

Purpose: To study the hypotensive effectiveness and safety of Bimoptic Plus (bimatoprost 0.03% + timolol 0.5%) in patients with developed primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

[Structural and functional features of peripheral vasculature in patients with glaucoma].

Purpose: To study the reactivity of the vascular endothelium and the elastic properties of the upper and lower extremities, and assess the vascular innervation effect of Cytoflavin in patients with stable and rapidly progressive primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Material And Methods: The study included 67 patients with POAG (mean age 66.3±1.

[Results of long-term observation of extremely premature babies with retinopathy].

Purpose: To study the long-term clinical and functional outcomes of retinopathy in extremely premature infants.

Material And Methods: The study included 42 patients (84 eyes) with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at the age of 9-18 years. All patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmological examination, including morphometric (OCT), functional (ERG) and psycho-physical (computer perimetry) methods.

Acute bilateral myopia induced by Triplixam: a case report.

Background: Side effects of the systemic drugs used to treat eyes are not common. Triplixam is used to treat systemic hypertension and contains amlodipine, indapamide and perindopril arginine as active ingredients which might have induced the sudden myopia. The transient myopia with objective findings disappeared after the discontinuation of the drug.

Alterations in proteome of human sclera associated with primary open-angle glaucoma involve proteins participating in regulation of the extracellular matrix.

Purpose: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a common ocular disease, associated with abnormalities in aqueous humor circulation and an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP), leading to progressive optical neuropathy and loss of vision. POAG pathogenesis includes alterations of the structural properties of the sclera, especially in the optic nerve head area, contributing to the degeneration of the retinal ganglion cells. Abnormal sclera biomechanics hinder adequate compensation of IOP fluctuations, thus aggravating POAG progression.

[Choroid and optical defocus].

The review summarizes experimental and clinical data attesting to the important role the choroid plays in the development of refraction through optically oriented thickness changes and the release of growth factors. Because of its unique anatomical position, the choroid can influence the transmission of a cascade of chemical signals from the retina to the sclera and thereby affect the growth of the eye. Understanding the relationship between the optical defocus and the response of the choroid to it will help uncover the fundamental mechanisms for controlling eye growth and develop new strategies for preventing the progression of myopia.

[Possibilities of ultrasound methods in diagnostics of eyelid tumors].

Purpose: To determine the informative value of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) with A-scan for assessment of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of eyelid tumors less than 5 mm in size.

Material And Methods: The study included 25 patients (25 eyes) with eyelid tumors less than 5 mm in size. In addition to standard ophthalmic examination, complex ultrasound diagnostics including B-scan, Color Doppler imaging and UBM with A-scan were performed.

[Choroidal thickness in children with myopia and its changes after surgical strengthening of the sclera].

Purpose: To study the choroidal thickness (CT) in children with myopia and hyperopia and its changes after sclera reinforcement surgeries addressing the progression of myopia.

Material And Methods: The study involved 133 patients: 78 children (average age 12.5±0.

[Comparative assessment of the parameters of visual fixation in amblyopia of different origin].

Introduction: Examination of visual fixation parameters is an important diagnostic method in patients with amblyopia of different origin.

Purpose: To study the visual fixation parameters for various types of amblyopia.

Material And Methods: The study included 108 patients (213 eyes) aged 5-11 years with moderate and high amblyopia: 27 patients (54 eyes) with strabismic amblyopia, 45 patients (87 eyes) with refractive and anisometropic amblyopia, and 36 patients (72 eyes) with relative amblyopia caused by deprivation nystagmus.

[Viral and non-viral infections in the etiopathogenesis of uveitis].

The article reviews literature and proprietary data on the role of pathogens in the etiology of infectious and non-infectious uveitis. Infectious uveitis is caused by active intraocular replication of the virus (herpesvirus, acute stage of enterovirus), or by long-term persistence of the viruses in eye tissues (Fuchs syndrome associated with rubella virus, late complications of enterovirus uveitis). Clinical picture, severity, outcomes of infectious uveitis depend on the pathogen, adequacy of the immune response and genetic characteristics of the patient.

[The role of the endothelin system in the pathogenesis of eye diseases].

The endothelin system (ES) plays a complex role in the pathogenesis of various eye diseases as a local regulator of vascular tone as well as many other physiological processes. Components of ES - endothelins and their receptors - can be found nearly in all cellular structures of the eye, their concentration increases in the presence of many eye diseases. In glaucoma, ES is involved in the mechanisms of eye hypertension by influencing the secretion and outflow of aqueous humor.