Comparative color stability assessment of orthodontic clear aligners: an in vitro study.

Objective To evaluate the stain resistance and color stability of four Clear aligners (CA) brands against various beverages at different intervals, along with assessing the elaboration of cleaning agents. Methods In a strictly controlled lab environment, 48 CAs from four different companies (Invisalign, EON, Clear Cap, and K clear) were immersed for seven days in six different beverages based on their pH (Pepsi, orange juice, milk, coffee, and black tea), as well as a control solution (distilled water). The VITA Easy-Shade compact colorimeter used the Commission International lightening L*a*b* color scheme to evaluate the color change of the aligners at four intervals.

Chromosome-scale telomere to telomere genome assembly of common crystalwort (Riccia sorocarpa Bisch.).

Riccia sorocarpa Bisch., commonly known as common crystalwort, is a plant belonging to the Marchantiales order with a cosmopolitan distribution among a wide range of habitats: fields, gardens, waste ground, on paths, cliff tops, and thin soil over rocks or by water bodies. However, research into the genetic aspects of this species is limited.

The use of green synthesized TiO/MnO nanoparticles in solar power membranes for pulp and paper industry wastewater treatment.

The pulp and paper manufacturing wastewater is as complicated as any other industrial effluent. A promising approach to treating water is to combine photocatalysis and membrane processes. This paper demonstrates a novel photocatalytic membrane technique for solar-powered water filtration.

Pervasive glacier retreats across Svalbard from 1985 to 2023.

A major uncertainty in predicting the behaviour of marine-terminating glaciers is ice dynamics driven by non-linear calving front retreat, which is poorly understood and modelled. Using 124919 calving front positions for 149 marine-terminating glaciers in Svalbard from 1985 to 2023, generated with deep learning, we identify pervasive calving front retreats for non-surging glaciers over the past 38 years. We observe widespread seasonal cycles in calving front position for over half of the glaciers.

Cutting through the noise: A narrative review of Alzheimer's disease plasma biomarkers for routine clinical use.

As novel, anti-amyloid therapies have become more widely available, access to timely and accurate diagnosis has become integral to ensuring optimal treatment of patients with early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD). Plasma biomarkers are a promising tool for identifying AD pathology; however, several technical and clinical factors need to be considered prior to their implementation in routine clinical use. Given the rapid pace of advancements in the field and the wide array of available biomarkers and tests, this review aims to summarize these considerations, evaluate available platforms, and discuss the steps needed to bring plasma biomarker testing to the clinic.

Effect of microemulsion system on water dispersibility and bioavailability of γ-oryzanol.

This study developed water-dispersible γ-oryzanol (WD-OZ) using microemulsion system and assessed their absorption in rats. While γ-oryzanol itself is hardly soluble in water, WD-OZ exhibited high water dispersibility, and γ-oryzanol, along with its metabolites, was detected in rat plasma. These findings provide a solid basis for future application of the microemulsion-based approach to enhance the bioavailability of γ-oryzanol in food.

Associations between potential risk factors and blood-brain barrier water permeability in middle-aged and older adults.

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction is suggested to be a potential mediator between vascular risk factors and cognitive impairment, leading to vascular cognitive impairment. To investigate the relationships between age, sex, and vascular risk factors and BBB water permeability as well as their relationship with cognition. To measure BBB permeability, a novel arterial spin labelling MRI technique (ME-ASL) was applied to derive the time of exchange (Tex), arterial time transit (ATT), and cerebral blood flow (CBF).

Highly sensitive, breathable, and superhydrophobic dome structure nonwoven-based flexible pressure sensor utilizing machine learning for handwriting recognition.

Wearable devices that incorporate flexible pressure sensors have shown great potential for human-machine interaction, speech recognition, health monitoring, and handwriting recognition.However, achieving high sensitivity, durability, wide detection range, and breathability through cost-effective fabrication remains challenging. Through ultrasound-assisted modification and impregnation-drying, dome-structured nonwovens/rGO/PDMS flexible pressure sensors were developed.

Retraction notice to "Photocatalytic degradation of organic synthetic dyes and textile dyeing waste water by Al and F co-doped TiO nanoparticles" [Environ. Res. 206 (2022) 112492].

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).

Antimicrobial potential of the leaves of Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck collected from Iraq: Bioassay-guided isolation of sinensetin as the anti-MRSA compound.

Infections caused by antibiotic-drug-resistant microorganisms are a major global health concern, and they result in millions of deaths every year. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of such drug-resistant microbial strains, and new and effective antimicrobial agents are desperately needed to combat infections caused by MRSA. In the search for effective anti-MRSA agents, the leaves of Citrus grandis (Rutaceae), also known as C.

Cognitive impairment and hippocampal degeneration in aged rat models of type 2 diabetes with induced glycemic fluctuation: A pilot study.

Objective: Effective methods for establishing an aged animal model of diabetes and glycemic fluctuation have rarely been investigated. The aim of the study was to explore the feasibility of inducing glycemic fluctuation in aged Sprague-Dawley rats and to evaluate the corresponding changes in cognitive function.

Methods: Male rats aged 48 weeks were fed a high-fat and high-glucose diet and given streptozotocin intraperitoneally to establish a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Regional disparities in PPCPs contamination of urban wastewater treatment plants: Unveiling influential factors and ecological effects.

This study investigates the discharge of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) into natural waters, highlighting a significant correlation with regional human activities. Despite the complexity of assessing factors influencing PPCPs sources, it remains underexplored. By conducting an extensive literature review of seven categories of PPCPs in WWTPs across five typical regions of China, the study reveals both similarities and disparities in PPCPs composition.

Deciphering intricate associations between vigorous development and novel metabolic preferences of partial denitrification/anammox granular consortia within mainstream municipal wastewater.

There is limited understanding of the granular partial denitrification/anammox (PD/A) microbiota and metabolic hierarchy specific to municipal wastewater treatment, particularly concerning the multi-mechanisms of functional differentiation and granulation tendencies under high-loading shocks. Therefore, this study utilized fragmented mature biofilm as the exclusive inoculum to rapidly establish a granular PD/A system. Following long-term feeding with municipal wastewater, PD/A process reached a total nitrogen removal efficiency of 97.

The ER protein CANX (calnexin)-mediated autophagy protects against alzheimer disease.

Although the relationship between macroautophagy/autophagy and Alzheimer disease (AD) is widely studied, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood, especially the regulatory role of the initiation signaling of autophagy on AD. Here, we find that the ER transmembrane protein CANX (calnexin) is a novel interaction partner of the autophagy-inducing kinase ULK1 and is required for ULK1 recruitment to the ER under basal or starved conditions. Loss of CANX results in the inactivity of ULK1 kinase and inhibits autophagy flux.

Quorum sensing-enhanced electron transfer in anammox consortia: A mechanism for improved resistance to variable-valence heavy metals.

Quorum sensing (QS) is recognized for enhancing bacterial resistance against heavy metals by regulating the production of extracellular substances that hinder metal penetration into the intracellular environment. However, it remains unclear whether QS contributes to resistance by regulating electron transfer, thereby transforming metals from more toxic to less toxic forms. This study investigated the regulatory mechanism of acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL)-mediated QS on electron transfer under As(III) and Cr(VI) stress.

Mechanistic insight into multiple effects of copper ion on the photoreactivity of dissolved organic matter.

Sunlight irradiation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in surface water results in the production of photochemically produced reactive intermediates (PPRIs). This process is inevitably influenced by co-existing metal ions in aquatic environments; However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the effect of co-existing copper ion (Cu) on PPRIs produced by irradiation of DOM was systematically investigated, because Cu is a typical redox transient cation and has strong affinity to DOM.

Notable ecological risks of microplastics to Minjiang River ecosystem over headwater to upstream in Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

Microplastics (MPs) in aquatic environments has been observed globally. However, the ecological risks of MP pollution in riverhead prior to highly urbanized region remain poorly understood. This study investigated MP pollution related to microbiome in sediments, and ecological risks of MPs in riverhead prior to urbanized area over 291 km of Minjiang River (MJR) in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP).

Dissimilatory nitrate reduction pathways drive high nitrous oxide emissions and nitrogen retention under the flash drought in the largest freshwater lake in China.

Flash drought (FD) events induced by climate change may disrupt the normal hydrological regimes of floodplain lakes and affect the plant-microbe mediated dissimilatory nitrate reduction (DNR), i.e., denitrification, anammox and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), thus having important consequences for nitrous oxide (NO) emissions and nitrogen (N) retention.

Integrative biomonitoring in Litopenaeus vannamei: Metal analysis and biochemical markers.

Contaminants are a major cause of seafood export rejections in foreign markets and have significantly impacted consumer health. This investigation addresses the issues of metal contamination and biochemical markers in Litopenaeus vannamei from East Midnapore, West Bengal, India. The analyzed metals included vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), silver (Ag), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), strontium (Sr), tin (Sn), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb), using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS).

Distinct population-wide differences in contaminants and blood parameters in foraging green sea turtles.

The rising diversity and concentration of contaminants have surpassed ecological thresholds, threatening marine ecosystems. The effects of pollutants on marine animals, particularly sea turtles, are receiving increased attention due to their role as indicators of human impacts. This study examined the health implications of contaminant exposure in three green turtle (Chelonia mydas) foraging sites in the southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia.

Effects of wastewater on phosphorus, nitrogen, and nuisance benthic algae in nearshore regions of a large lake.

Upgrading wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is a global practice for achieving increasingly stringent nutrient discharge objectives set by governments to accommodate population growth and reduce surface water pollution. However, associated downstream improvements in nutrient conditions are difficult to determine in nearshore regions of large aquatic ecosystems due to complex biophysical processes. We conducted a nine-year water quality study and analyzed the data using linear mixed models (LMMs) within a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) framework to assess effects of an upgrade to the Duffin Creek Water Pollution Control Plant (DCWPCP) on surface water nutrient conditions and proliferation of nuisance benthic algae (Cladophora glomerata) in nearshore Lake Ontario.

Assessing the effect of sunlight exposure and reuse of polyethylene terephthalate bottles on phthalate migration.

Nowadays, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles are widely used for packaging drinks and food. However, concerns have been raised about the possible migration of harmful chemicals, particularly phthalates, from these containers into their contents. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of sunlight exposure and PET bottle reuse on phthalate migration, focusing on three common phthalates: bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP).

Combination of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide and chlorogenic acid: Characterization of solution property, interaction, and regulatory function on typical gut Bacteroides and pathogens.

Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) is a prebiotic that promotes the proliferation of beneficial bacteria, but lacks of regulatory function on harmful bacteria. In this study, chlorogenic acid (CGA) was used to achieve the functional enhancement of two LBPs (LBP-A and LBP-M). The combination of CGA resulted in changes in the solution properties of LBPs, manifested as increased pseudoplasticity, viscosity, turbidity, and decreased water mobility, absolute potential value, pH value.

Tomato biodiversity reveals landrace enhanced drought-adaptive strategy.

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a major crop in the Mediterranean basin, vulnerable to drought at any crop stage. Landraces are traditional, locally adapted varieties with greater resilience to water scarcity than modern cultivars.

Separation of Three Polar Compounds with Similar Polarities from Swertia mussotii by a Combination of Two Counter-Current Chromatography Modes.

Separation of polar compounds especially with similar polarities is challenging. In the present study, three polar compounds with similar polarities, including gentiopicroside, sweroside and mangiferin, have been successfully separated from Swertia mussotii by a combination of two counter-current chromatography modes. With the selected solvent system of ethyl acetate/n-butanol/water (8/2/10, v/v), a continuous injection mode was firstly employed.