Progress and Outcomes of Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring During Thyroidectomy.

Importance: Intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) is not considered standard of care during thyroidectomy, and guidelines are vague about its use in the absence of strong evidence of superiority over visualization of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) alone.

Objective: To characterize patterns of IONM use during thyroidectomy in the US and evaluate the association of IONM with postoperative outcomes.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study used the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) thyroidectomy data from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2022.

Postnatal management of preterm infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Introduction: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) in the preterm population is increasingly common in the current era of fetal endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO) therapy. There remains a lack of clinical guidance for clinicians and surgeons regarding optimal management strategies for such infants. We aimed to describe our experience in managing preterm CDH in a single quaternary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Development and current status of anti-reflux esophagogastrostomy after proximal gastrectomy: a literature review.

Background: The selection of an appropriate gastrointestinal (GI) reconstruction procedure after proximal gastrectomy (PG) has long been a challenge. Surgeons have had a long history of exploring anti-reflux gastroesophageal anastomosis. The aim of this article is to systematically summarize the anti-reflux principles of GI reconstructive procedures through a review of the previous literature and to provide a theoretical basis for clinicians to select or innovate procedures.

Comparative study of HoLEP in elderly patients with indwelling catheters: a retrospective dual-center study.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of HoLEP in patients aged > 85 years with indwelling catheter (IDC).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed our bicentric HoLEP database to identify consecutive patients with IDC and trial without catheter (TWOC) failure who underwent surgery between June 2012 and April 2020. Our primary focus was on the population over 85 years of age; Patients under 70 years of age were used as controls.

Utilizing objective performance indicators to assess resident autonomy during robotic cholecystectomy.

Background: The current evaluation of surgical resident operative autonomy consists primarily of self-report and is prone to bias. Objective performance indicators (OPIs) generated from the da Vinci Surgical System capture objective intraoperative data providing an opportunity to evaluate the intraoperative resident experience more accurately. This study investigates the ability of OPIs to describe resident autonomy during robotic cholecystectomy.

Factors associated with knowledge and practice regarding oxygen administration: A cross-sectional study among registered nurses working in wards and ICUs at Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Background: Oxygen is a vital therapy approved by WHO, crucial for critically ill patients as a supplemental treatment. Nurses' pivotal role in oxygen administration is poorly understood. This study aimed to assess factors associated with oxygen administration to critically ill patients among nurses at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Torsion-Induced Traumatic Optic Neuropathy (TITON): A physiologically relevant animal model of traumatic optic neuropathy.

Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) is a common cause of irreversible blindness following head injury. TON is characterized by axon damage in the optic nerve followed by retinal ganglion cell death in the days and weeks following injury. At present, no therapeutic or surgical approach has been found to offer any benefit beyond observation alone.

A multicenter study of perioperative and functional outcomes of open vs. robot assisted uretero-enteric reimplantation after radical cystectomy.

Introduction: Open ureteroenteric reimplantation (OUER) of ureteroenteric strictures (UESs) is related to important morbidity. Robot-assisted ureteroenteric reimplantation (RUER) has been proposed to provide similar outcomes with lower morbidity. We aimed to compare perioperative and functional outcomes between RUER and OUER.

Effectiveness of a co-management program with internal medicine on hip fracture patients at a regional hospital in northwest Spain. Co-inter-Monf study.

Background: Hip fractures represent a serious public health problem with a high burden of mortality, morbidity, and resource use. Co-management has proven to enhance the clinical outcomes of hip fracture patients hospitalized in various settings.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate whether the previously observed benefits of co-management can be achieved when such a program is implemented in a rural-based district hospital.

Autologous Micro-Fat Transplantation for Facial Sunken Treatment: Single-Center Experience.

Background: Facial sunken deformities, congenital or acquired, are common in clinical practice for the reduction of soft or hard tissues. In clinical practice, filler injection and tissue transplantation are often used to improve facial contour. Among these, autologous fat grafting for treating facial contour defects is most common in clinical practice.

Strong inorganic acid mists and respiratory tract cancers: a meta-analysis.

Background: Exposure to strong inorganic acid mists (SIAMs) in the workplace has been linked to respiratory tract cancers.

Aims: We conducted a meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies examining the association between occupational SIAMs and respiratory tract cancers other than laryngeal cancer, which is already established.

Methods: Studies mentioned in the 1992 IARC Monograph on carcinogenicity of SIAMs were combined with later studies identified from a systematic search of Scopus, PubMed and Embase.

The Learning Curve in Urogynecology and Functional Urology: A Systematic Review.

Introduction And Hypothesis: When adopting new methods, surgeons may experience a period of complexity and longer operation times because of their inexperience. This period is known as the "learning curve." This study was aimed at systematically reviewing the current literature on functional urology learning curves.

Utility of Papilledema for Detection of Elevated Intracranial Pressure in Craniosynostosis.

Papilledema is swelling of the optic disk due to fluid accumulation around the optic nerve and is commonly used to detect increased intracranial (ICP) in craniosynostosis. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and utility of papilledema detection in patients with single-suture, multi-suture, and syndromic craniosynostosis and the differences before and after surgical intervention. A retrospective review of ophthalmology examinations of patients diagnosed with craniosynostosis treated between 2008 and 2023 was performed.

Long-Term Revision-Free Survival Following Operative Fixation of Femoral Neck Fractures in Young Adults.

Objectives: To identify the rate of fixation failure following femoral neck fracture (FNF) fixation in young adults within a national database.

Methods: Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: National all-payer claims database.

Phase I study of adavosertib with radiation therapy and temozolomide in newly diagnosed glioblastoma and intratumoral drug levels in recurrent glioblastoma.

Purpose: Adavosertib is an oral small molecular inhibitor of Wee1. The Adult Brain Tumor Consortium performed a phase I study of adavosertib, radiation (RT) and temozolomide (TMZ) in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) as well as a surgical window of opportunity study in recurrent GBM.

Patients And Methods: The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of adavosertib was determined in adult patients with newly diagnosed GBM using a standard 3+3 design in 2 separate cohorts: with concurrent RT/TMZ or with adjuvant TMZ.

Outcomes of pediatric liver retransplantation candidates in the modern era: Strategies are needed to avoid waitlist mortality in the United States.

Pediatric liver retransplantation (rLT) has historically shown poorer outcomes compared to primary liver transplantation (pLT). Comprehensive studies assessing outcomes for pediatric rLT candidates under the modern allocation policy are lacking. OPTN data from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2022 were obtained; exclusion criteria included candidates ≥18years of age and those listed or transplanted for multiple organs.

Sternoclavicular Joint Reconstruction Using a Hamstring and Cadaveric Fibular Cortical Allograft: A Case Report.

Case: A 49-year-old woman with sternoclavicular insufficiency following medial clavicle resection underwent sternoclavicular joint reconstruction using a hamstring allograft and a cadaveric fibular cortical allograft. After 4 months of follow-up, the patient was pain-free, with radiographic evidence of graft incorporation by 8 months.

Conclusion: Medial clavicle resection is a rare procedure with broad indications.

A phase I/II study of adoptive immunotherapy using donor liver graft-derived NK cell-enriched immune cells to prevent severe infection after liver transplantation.

Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are significant postoperative complications associated with high mortality rates after liver transplantation (LT). Natural killer (NK) cells, which are key components of the innate immune system, have demonstrated potential to combat both infections and cancer. The use of activated NK cells to mitigate post-LT infections, particularly BSIs, has attracted considerable interest.

Comparative evaluation of TNM staging systems (eighth vs. ninth edition) for the non-surgical treatment of localized and locally advanced anal squamous cell carcinoma: Prognostic significance of T classification and lymph node status.

This study aims to compare the survival discrimination of the Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) eighth and ninth editions for patients with localized and locally advanced (LLA) anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) treated non-surgically and to evaluate the prognostic impact of T classification and lymph node (LN) status with data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. We retrospectively included 6,876 patients in the comparison. We observed the inversion of survival outcomes for stages IIB and IIIA diseases in the TNM eighth edition [median overall survival (OS): 112 months for stage IIB vs.

Identification of a metabolic brain network characterizing essential tremor.

The neuronal correlate of tremor genesis and cognitive function in essential tremor (ET) and its modulation by deep brain stimulation (DBS) are poorly understood. To explore the underlying metabolic topography of motor and cognitive symptoms, sixteen ET patients (age 63.6 ± 49.

Implication of tumor morphology and MRI characteristics on the accuracy of automated versus human segmentation of GBM areas.

An assessment scheme is proposed to evaluate GBM gross tumor core and T2-FLAIR hyper-intensity segmentations on preoperative multicentric MR images as a function of tumor morphology and MRI characteristics. 74 gross tumor core and T2-FLAIR hyper-intensity BraTS-Toolkit and DeepBraTumIA automatic segmentations, and 42 gross tumor core neurosurgeon manual segmentations were accordingly evaluated. Brats-Toolkit and DeepBraTumIA generally provide accurate segmentations, particularly for the most common round-shaped or well-demarked tumors, where: (1) gross tumor segmentation correctly includes necrosis and contrast enhanced tumor in 100% and 97.

Urinary prostaglandin metabolites evaluation for activity monitoring in inflammatory bowel disease.

Inflammatory bowel diseases cause chronic intestinal inflammation, including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Prostaglandin E-major urinary metabolite (PGE-MUM) is a urine biomarker for disease activity in IBD. This study evaluated PGE-MUM performance for predicting an active disease in patients with CD and UC.

Post-Traumatic Hip Osteoarthritis after Pelvic Ring Injuries.

Objectives: While rates of post-traumatic osteoarthritis after acetabulum fracture have been thoroughly studied, there has been less emphasis on hip osteoarthritis after pelvic ring injuries. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of post-traumatic hip osteoarthritis in pelvic ring injury patients. It was hypothesized that more severe pelvic ring injuries would be associated with greater rates of post-traumatic hip osteoarthritis.