Age-Related Ventricular Tachycardia Substrate Characteristics for Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot Before Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Placement.

Background: Ventricular tachycardia (VT) substrate characteristics before transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR) in repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) are unknown.

Objectives: In this study, the authors sought to evaluate substrates for sustained monomorphic VT before TPVR in rTOF.

Methods: Retrospective (2017 to 2021) and prospective (commencing 2021) rTOF patients with native right ventricular outflow tract referred for electrophysiology study (EPS) before TPVR were included.

The Evidence Alone Was Not Enough to Change Practice: A Mixed-methods Analysis Using a Standardized Framework to Understand Perceptions of Barriers and Compliance to ERAS Recommendations.

Purpose: Understanding barriers to compliance can aid in mitigation strategies to address them. This study aims to quantitatively and qualitatively assess the relationship between barriers to ERAS recommendations and perceived ability to assure compliance among multidisciplinary team (MDT) members who deliver Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) care.

Design: Embedded mixed-methods survey analysis.

Adolescent Coronal Shear Fractures of the Distal Humerus: Surgical Approach and Outcomes.

Purpose: Isolated coronal shear fractures of the distal humerus in adolescents are rare injuries with unique surgical challenges. Respect for the posterior blood supply, open physes, and need for direct visualization to achieve anatomic reduction are critical considerations in surgical fixation. This study presents a case series and a surgical approach used in treating these patients.

Multi-institutional retrospective study on opioid prescribing patterns of oral and maxillofacial surgeons.

Background: The opioid epidemic is a serious crisis in the United States. It has been proposed that opioid prescriptions after dental procedures are a major contributor to opioid use and abuse. The American Dental Association has been working to educate dental care providers about safe opioid prescribing practices.

Ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) for high transsphincteric fistulas: a double-center retrospective study with long-term follow-up.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term efficacy of the ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) procedure in treating high transsphincteric fistulas.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the success rate of LIFT treatment in 82 patients with high transsphincteric fistulas involving at least 1/3 of the external sphincter. This study was carried out across 2 centers from November 2009 to February 2023.

Protein prenylation in mechanotransduction: implications for disease and therapy.

The process by which cells translate external mechanical cues into intracellular biochemical signals involves intricate mechanisms that remain unclear. In recent years, research into post-translational modifications (PTMs) has offered valuable insights into this field, spotlighting protein prenylation as a crucial mechanism in cellular mechanotransduction and various human diseases. Protein prenylation, which involves the covalent attachment of isoprenoid groups to specific substrate proteins, profoundly affects the functions of key mechanotransduction proteins such as Rho, Ras, and lamins.

Postoperative pancreatic fistula risk assessment using digital pathology based analyses at the parenchymal resection margin of the pancreas - Results from the randomized multicenter RECOPANC trial.

Background: In pancreatic surgery Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) represents the most dreaded complication, for which pancreatic texture is acknowledged as one of the strongest predictors. No consensual objective reference has been defined to evaluate the pancreas composition. The presented study aimed to mine histology data of the pancreatic tissue composition with AI assist and correlate it with clinic-pathological parameters derived from the RECOPANC study.

Surgical and Pathological Results Following Neoadjuvant Nivolumab and Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Resectable NSCLC: A Multicentre Real-World Series From England.

Background: To evaluate the real-world surgical and pathological outcomes following neoadjuvant nivolumab in combination with chemotherapy in a multicentre national cohort of patients.

Methods: Retrospective analysis on consecutive patients treated in three tertiary referral hospitals in UK with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy (nivolumab) for stage II-IIIB nonsmall cell lung cancer (March 2023-May 2024). Surgical and pathological outcomes were assessed.

Impact of orthognathic surgery on the cheek area using the Barcelona line.

A facial appearance of premature aging due to poor bone support of the soft tissues is frequently found in patients with midface hypoplasia. This study was performed to evaluate the changes in the soft tissues of the cheek area in patients subjected to bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. The cheek line angle and length of 27 consecutive patients who underwent bimaxillary surgery, were measured on cone beam computed tomography scans obtained before surgery and at 1 and 12 months after surgery using 3D software.

The Clinical Utility of Incorporating Next-Generation Sequencing Results in the Management Algorithm of Pancreatic Cysts.

Background & Aims: Pancreatic cysts often pose challenges in predicting malignant progression. Next-generation sequencing has become an appealing ancillary diagnostic test. The diagnostic performance is well characterized, but the impact on clinical management remains unclear.

Chapter 15: RECURRENT OR PERSISTENT PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM, PARATHYROMATOSIS.

Persistent primary hyperparathyroidism is defined as the persistence or recurrence of hypercalcemia within 6 months of parathyroid surgery. Recurrent primary hyperparathyroidism is defined as the recurrence of primary hyperparathyroidism more than 6 months after an initially curative parathyroidectomy. In these situations, it is essential to rule out differential diagnoses, and in particular secondary hyperparathyroidism and familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia.

Chapter 8: MANAGEMENT OF AGGRESSIVE FORMS OF PRIMARY HPT: PARATHYROID CARCINOMA AND ATYPICAL PARATHYROID TUMOR.

Parathyroid carcinoma is extremely rare, affecting 1% of cases of primary hyperparathyroidism. For this reason, management is poorly codified and requires expertise in specialized center. PC is genetically determined in a quarter to a third of cases, notably involving the CDC73 gene coding for parafibromin.

Chapter 14: POST-SURGICAL FOLLOW-UP.

Primary hyperparathyroidism is treated surgically. Postoperatively, close monitoring of blood calcium levels is necessary to detect any hypocalcemia. Postoperative PTH assays can be performed within 24 hours to identify patients who will not develop permanent hypoparathyroidism.

Chapter 6: SYNDROMIC PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM.

Syndromic primary hyperparathyroidism has several features in common: younger age at diagnosis when compared with sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism, often synchronous or metachronous multi-glandular involvement, higher possibility of recurrence, association with other endocrine or extra-endocrine disorders, and suggestive family background with autosomal dominant inheritance. Hyperparathyroidism in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 is the most common syndromic hyperparathyroidism. It is often asymptomatic in adolescents and young adults, but may be responsible for recurrent lithiasis and/or bone loss.

Chapter 0: Introduction to the Consensus on Primary Hyperparathyroidism from the French Society of Endocrinology, French Association of Endocrine Surgery and French Society of Nuclear Medicine.

This consensus on primary hyperparathyroidism, drawn up under the aegises of the French Society of Endocrinology (SFE), French Association of Endocrine Surgery (AFCE) and French Society of Nuclear Medicine (SFMN), provides an update on positive, etiological and differential diagnosis and treatment in primary hyperparathyroidism. These recommendations take account of recent increase in the prevalence of primary hyperparathyroidism, due to 1. more systematic routine measurement of blood calcium and improved quality of parathyroid hormone assays, 2.

Chapter 7: CLINICAL FORMS AT DIFFERENT AGES OF LIFE: CHILDHOOD, PREGNANCY, LACTATION, OLD AGE.

Primary hyperparathyroidism is rare in children. A germline mutation is identified in half of all children with primary hyperparathyroidism (70% of newborns and infants, and 40% of children and adolescents). The clinical manifestations of primary hyperparathyroidism in children are highly variable (often absent in newborns, rather severe and symptomatic in children and adolescents) and depend on the genetic cause, as well as the severity, rapidity of onset and duration of hypercalcemia.

Chapter 3: IMPACT OF PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM.

At present, primary hyperparathyroidism is most often discovered in an asymptomatic patient, but can sometimes be revealed by a renal or bone complications. In all cases, a full work-up is recommended, with assessment of renal function (glomerular filtration rate), 24-hour calciuria, screening for risk factors for lithiasis, and renal and urinary tract imaging (ultrasound or CT scan) to look for stones or nephrocalcinosis. Bone densitometry, with measurements of the spine, femur and radius, is the recommended reference test for demineralization.

A Successful Control of the Intraoperative Bleeding from McConnell's Artery during Fully Endoscopic Resection of Planum Sphenoidale Meningioma Using Bone Chip and Bioglue : A Case Report.

The endoscopic transsphenoidal approach is a common approach used in skull base neurosurgery to reach the sellar region. One of the intraoperative risks of this approach is intraoperative bleeding out of the carotid artery. Gentle drilling can prevent carotid artery injury.

Finerenone and new-onset diabetes in heart failure: a prespecified analysis of the FINEARTS-HF trial.

Background: Data on the effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist therapy on HbA levels and new-onset diabetes are conflicting. We aimed to examine the effect of oral finerenone, compared with placebo, on incident diabetes in the Finerenone Trial to Investigate Efficacy and Safety Superior to Placebo in Patients with Heart Failure (FINEARTS-HF) trial.

Methods: In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 6001 participants with heart failure with New York Heart Association functional class II-IV, left ventricular ejection fraction 40% or higher, evidence of structural heart disease, and elevated N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels were randomly assigned to finerenone or placebo, administered orally.

Urological injuries complicating pregnancy-related hysterectomy: Analysis of risk factors and proposal to improve the quality of care.

Purpose: While strategies aimed at preventing urological injuries complicating hysterectomy for gynaecological indications and placenta accreta surgery have been proposed, a comprehensive model for pregnancy-related hysterectomy (PRH) is lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors for urological complications of obstetric hysterectomy, and to propose strategies to improve the quality of care.

Methods: This retrospective study of patients undergoing PRH was conducted in an academic centre between 2009 and 2022.

Utilizing the DiSC Assessment in Surgical Residency Leadership Training to Address Communication Skill Acquisition: A Kern Six-step Approach to Curriculum Development.

Objective: Effective communication is essential in delivering high-quality patient care, and in recent years, resident education has expanded to focus on nontechnical skills and communication training. The "Everything DiSC" model is a communication inventory tool used to help employers and employees gain insight into how an individual may communicate within a team and how others may perceive similarities and differences in communication styles, comprising of Dominance (D), Influence (i), Steadiness (S), and Conscientiousness (C). In this report, we describe our experience mapping the DiSC model to the Kern 6-step framework for curriculum development and summarize residents' feedback several years following its implementation.

Get Over It: Surgical Residents' Responses to Simulated Harassment. A Multi Method Study.

Objective: This study examined the response strategies of Surgery residents as bystanders to harassment in a simulated clinical environment, their alignment with the bystander intervention model, and the motivations behind their actions.

Design: Participants watched an educational video on harassment and ways to address it prior to undergoing a simulated clinical scenario where they witnessed a senior resident harassing a medical student. The study used audio-video recordings of the simulations to capture and analyze residents' verbal and nonverbal responses to harassment.

Characteristics of older patients undergoing major oncological surgery: Insights from the Geriatric Surgery Verification Program.

Introduction: Studies outlining the unique burden of geriatric medical conditions and syndromes among older adults undergoing major oncological surgery are lacking, along with understanding of the goals of care for this population.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a single-institutional review of the initial 50 patients who enrolled in the American College of Surgeons' Geriatric Surgery Verification Program (GSV) program implemented for those ≥65 years undergoing major oncological surgery during the year 2023. Patient variables were categorized into four domains - somatic, functional, psychological, and social.

Reconstructive techniques for chest and breast deformities in Poland syndrome: An up-to-date systematic review.

Background: Poland syndrome (PS) is a congenital abnormality defined as aplasia or hypoplasia of the unilateral pectoralis muscle and breast tissue that may be accompanied by limb or thoracic deformities. Reconstruction of deformities associated with PS is challenging owing to the spectrum of differences. We aimed to evaluate the trends in surgical management of chest and breast anatomical anomalies associated with PS.

In vivo ankle kinetics after surgical management of concurrent chronic ankle instability and osteochondral lesions of the talus.

Background: Ankle joint moment and reaction force alteration after surgical treatment of chronic ankle instability (CAI) and osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) remains unknown.

Research Question: The current study aimed to investigate the in vivo kinetic effects of surgical management on patients with CAI and OLT and conduct a comparison with healthy subjects.

Methods: Eight patients with concurrent CAI and OLT were assessed in a stair descent setting prior to surgical management and one-year postoperatively.