Nano drug delivery systems: a promising approach to scar prevention and treatment.

Scar formation is a common physiological process that occurs after injury, but in some cases, pathological scars can develop, leading to serious physiological and psychological effects. Unfortunately, there are currently no effective means to intervene in scar formation, and the structural features of scars and their unclear mechanisms make prevention and treatment even more challenging. However, the emergence of nanotechnology in drug delivery systems offers a promising avenue for the prevention and treatment of scars.

Analysis of emerging trends and hot spots in respiratory biomechanics from 2003 to 2022 based on CiteSpace.

With the global prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an increasing number of people are experiencing respiratory discomfort. Respiratory biomechanics can monitor breathing patterns and respiratory movements and it is easier to prevent, diagnose, treat or rehabilitate. However, there is still a lack of global knowledge structure in the field of respiratory biomechanics.

Acceptability, usability and feasibility of experienced sampling method in chronic secondary pain syndromes.

Background: In chronic pain syndromes, symptoms can fluctuate and change over time. Standard questionnaires cannot register these fluctuations. Nonetheless, the experience sampling method (ESM) is developed to collect momentary measurements of everyday complaints, tracing fluctuations in symptoms and disabling factors over time.

The effects of dynamic motion instability system training on motor function and balance after stroke: A randomized trial.

Background: The balance and postural control of humans is related to the coordination of dynamic perception and movement. Multiple senses, such as vision, vestibular sense, proprioception, and/or a single sensory disorder, would lead to its integration disorder and induce imbalance and abnormal gait.

Objective: The present study aimed to determine the effects of dynamic motion instability system training (DMIST) on the balance and motor function of hemiplegic patients after stroke.

Spatial patterns of intrinsic brain activity in rats with capsular stroke.

Background: To explore the neural changes of brain activity in rats with circumscribed capsular infarcts to find a new therapeutic target for promoting the functional recovery.

Methods: A total of 18 capsular infarct rats and 18 normal rats were conducted in this study. All animal use procedures were strictly in accordance with the guide for the care and use of laboratory animals.

Electroacupuncture protective effects after cerebral ischemia are mediated through miR-219a inhibition.

Background: Electroacupuncture (EA) is a complementary and alternative therapy which has shown protective effects on vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). However, the underlying mechanisms are not entirely understood.

Methods: Rat models of VCI were established with cerebral ischemia using occlusion of the middle cerebral artery or bilateral common carotid artery.

Case report: High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of hereditary spastic paraplegia type 11.

Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a heterogeneous group of inherited neurodegenerative disorders that currently have no cure. HSP type 11 (SPG11-HSP) is a complex form carrying mutations in the SPG11 gene. Neuropathological studies demonstrate that motor deficits in these patients are mainly attributed to axonal degeneration of the corticospinal tract (CST).

Emerging trends in DNA and RNA methylation modifications in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a bibliometric and visual analysis from 1992 to 2022.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a pathological metabolic disorder induced by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Epigenetic modifications, especially DNA and RNA methylation, might be the bridge between hereditary and environmental factors. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the status and prospective trends of the association between T2DM and DNA/RNA methylation modifications by using bibliometric software.

Computerized Cognitive Training Enhances Episodic Memory by Down-Modulating Posterior Cingulate-Precuneus Connectivity in Older Persons With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: The neural mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of a computerized cognitive training (CCT) program for improving episodic memory in older persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remain unclear. This study aimed to use both functional and structural brain changes to elucidate the treatment effects of CCT on enhancing episodic memory.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Single-blinded, multicenter randomized controlled trial on 60 older adults with MCI in Fuzhou, China.

Virtual reality-induced motor function of the upper extremity and brain activation in stroke: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The benefits of virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation were reported in patients after stroke, but there is insufficient evidence about how VR promotes brain activation in the central nervous system. Hence, we designed this study to explore the effects of VR-based intervention on upper extremity motor function and associated brain activation in stroke patients.

Methods/design: In this single-center, randomized, parallel-group clinical trial with a blinded assessment of outcomes, a total of 78 stroke patients will be assigned randomly to either the VR group or the control group.

Effects of Tai Chi Chuan on Cognitive Function in Adults 60 Years or Older With Type 2 Diabetes and Mild Cognitive Impairment in China: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with the progression of cognitive dysfunction. Physical activity benefits cognition, but no evidence from randomized clinical trials has shown whether tai chi chuan has better long-term benefits than fitness walking in cognitive function for patients with T2D and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of tai chi chuan, a mind-body exercise, for improving cognitive function in older adults with T2D and MCI, with fitness walking.

Prefrontal Cortex Hemodynamics and Functional Connectivity Changes during Performance Working Memory Tasks in Older Adults with Sleep Disorders.

Objective: Older adults with sleep disorders (SDs) show impaired working memory abilities, and working memory processes are closely related to the prefrontal cortex (PFC). However, the neural mechanism of working memory impairment in older adults with SD remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate changes in PFC function among older adults with SD when carrying out the N-back task by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).

Noninvasive Brain Stimulation for Neurorehabilitation in Post-Stroke Patients.

Characterized by high morbidity, mortality, and disability, stroke usually causes symptoms of cerebral hypoxia due to a sudden blockage or rupture of brain vessels, and it seriously threatens human life and health. Rehabilitation is the essential treatment for post-stroke patients suffering from functional impairments, through which hemiparesis, aphasia, dysphagia, unilateral neglect, depression, and cognitive dysfunction can be restored to various degrees. Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) is a popular neuromodulatory technology of rehabilitation focusing on the local cerebral cortex, which can improve clinical functions by regulating the excitability of corresponding neurons.

Mapping the long-term delayed recall-based cortex-hippocampus network constrained by the structural and functional connectome: a case-control multimodal MRI study.

Background: Connectome mapping may reveal new treatment targets for patients with neurological and psychiatric diseases. However, the long-term delayed recall based-network with structural and functional connectome is still largely unknown. Our objectives were to (1) identify the long-term delayed recall-based cortex-hippocampus network with structural and functional connectome and (2) investigate its relationships with various cognitive functions, age, and activities of daily living.

Bibliometric and visualized analysis of scientific publications on rehabilitation of rotator cuff injury based on web of science.

Background: Since the discovery of rehabilitation as an intervention for rotator cuff injury, its impact on the recovery of rotator cuff injury has attracted crucial attention, and the number of related studies is increasing worldwide. There were no bibliometric and visualized analysis studies in this field. This study aimed to investigate the research hotpots and trends in the rehabilitation of rotator cuff injury bibliometric and visualized analysis and to identify the future development of clinical practice.

Gait strategies for individuals with knee osteoarthritis when transitioning between floor and stair walking.

Individuals with knee osteoarthritis are at higher risk for falls during transitions between floor and stair walking due to their reduced lower extremity function. However, the adjust gait characteristics of knee osteoarthritis subjects for dealing with stair transitions have not been explored. We aimed to investigate gait strategies in individuals with knee osteoarthritis compared to age-matched individuals without knee OA during the transition between walking on floor and stairs.

Effect of trigger point acupuncture on pain and functional activity in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Trigger point (TrP) acupuncture is commonly used to treat chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP). Evidence for the efficacy of most TrP acupuncture modalities is weak or lacking.

Objective: To assess the effect of TrP acupuncture on pain, disability, gait and muscle activation in patients with CNLBP.

Electroacupuncture alleviates pain after total knee arthroplasty through regulating neuroplasticity: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Introduction: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of electroacupuncture in relieving acute pain after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and related mechanism.

Methods: In this randomized, single-blind, and sham-acupuncture controlled study. Forty patients with postoperative acute pain were recruited and randomly divided electroacupuncture group (n = 20) and sham-acupuncture group (n = 20) from November 2020 to October 2021.

An Effective Test (EOmciSS) for Screening Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment in a Community Setting: Development and Validation Study.

Background: Early detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) symptoms is an important step to its diagnosis and intervention. We developed a new screening test called "Efficient Online MCI Screening System" (EOmciSS) for use in community-dwelling older adults. It is a self-paced cognitive test to be completed within 10 minutes on tablets or smartphones in homes or care centers for older adults.

Validity and reliability of a portable handheld dynamometer compared to a fixed isokinetic dynamometer to assess forearm torque strength.

To evaluate the effect of treatment on forearm rotation, torque muscle strength can be assessed using an isokinetic device (IKD) or a wrist dynamometer (WD). The aims of this study were 1) to determine concurrent validity and intra- and inter-rater reliability using the WD, and to examine correlations between WD and IKD in different positions; and 2) subsequently, to establish the intermethod reproducibility between WD as a handheld (HHD) or fixed device. We conducted a cross-sectional study in which torque strength was measured in healthy participants by two observers using an IKD and a WD.

Ischemic stroke rehabilitation through optogenetic modulation of parvalbumin neurons in the contralateral motor cortex.

Background: Based on the theory of interhemispheric inhibition and the bimodal balance-recovery model in stroke, we explored the effects of excitation/inhibition (E/I) of parvalbumin (PV) neurons in the contralateral primary motor cortex (cM1) connecting the ipsilateral M1 (iM1) via the corpus callosum (cM1-CC-iM1) of ischemic stroke rats by optogenetic stimulation.

Methods: We tested this by injecting anterograde and retrograde virus in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and evaluated the neurological scores, motor behavior, volume of cerebral infarction and the E/I balance of the bilateral M1 two weeks after employing optogenetic treatment.

Results: We found that concentrations of Glu and GABA decreased and increased, respectively, in the iM1 of MCAO rats, and that the former increased in the cM1, suggesting E/I imbalance in bilateral M1 after ischemic stroke.

Brain functional activity of swallowing: A meta-analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Swallowing is one of the most important activities in our life and serves the dual roles of nutritional intake and eating enjoyment.

Objective: The study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to investigate the brain activity of swallowing.

Methods: Studies of swallowing using functional magnetic resonance imaging were reviewed in PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP) and Wan Fang before 30 November 2021.

Flexor carpi radialis H-reflex in different body positions in patients with post-stroke.

Background: Spinal stretch reflex (SSR) hyperexcitability reflected by the H-reflex has been reported in more strongly affected extremities after stroke. The H-reflex in the lower extremities is modulated by body position normally and alternatively modulated post-stroke.

Objective: This study aimed to preliminarily explore how upper extremity (UE) H-reflexes are modulated by body position after stroke, which remains unknown.

Functional Connectivity of Ipsilateral Striatum in Rats with Ischemic Stroke Increased by Electroacupuncture.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment at Zusanli (ST36) and Quchi (LI11) on cortico-striatal network connectivity after ischemia stroke by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Methods: A rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was established. Rats were randomly assigned into a sham-operated control group (SC group, n = 8), untreated MCAO model group (MCAO group, n = 8), and MCAO group receiving EA treatment at ST36 and LI11 (MCAO + EA group, n = 8).