Hepatocyte HIF-2α Aggravates NAFLD by Inducing Ferroptosis through Increasing Extracellular Iron.

Recent research has illuminated the pivotal role of the hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α) / peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) pathway in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression. Meanwhile, HIF-2α was reported that involved in iron regulation, and aberrant iron distribution derived liver lipogenesis. Therefore, we hypothesize that HIF-2a exacerbates fatty liver by affecting iron distribution.

Three-dimensional volumetric CT image fusion and trans-abdominal US: Adjunct guidance to portal vein cannulation for TIPS.

Purpose: To describe portal vein cannulation under adjunct guidance for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS).

Methods: Medical records of 86 patients who underwent TIPS, including conventional TIPS, 3D volumetric CT image fusion (CT-fluoroscopy image fusion)-guided TIPS, and trans-abdominal ultrasound (US)-guided TIPS at our institute from March 2016 to June 2024 were reviewed. Baseline characteristics, clinical outcomes, and procedural data were analyzed.

High frequency of melanoma in /.

Melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer characterized by high therapy resistance, has undergone extensive investigation through the utilization of BRAF-driven melanoma animal models. However, there exists a paucity of animal models for the rare hereditary melanoma resulting from germline mutations. Here, employing CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we generated on a knockout background to model human germline mutation-induced hereditary melanoma.

Comparison of Ga-DOTANOC and F-FDOPA PET/CT for Detection of Recurrent or Metastatic Paragangliomas.

Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic performance of gallium 68 (Ga)-DOTA-NaI3-octreotide (Ga-DOTANOC) and fluorine 18 (F)-fluoro-l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (F-FDOPA) PET/CT in detecting recurrent or metastatic paragangliomas. Materials and Methods This single-center retrospective study included patients with paragangliomas who underwent both Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT and F-FDOPA PET/CT between August 2021 and December 2023. The diagnostic performance of these two tracers in detecting recurrent or metastatic tumors was compared using several metrics, including sensitivity, negative predictive value, and accuracy.

Disulfiram-loaded nanovesicles hydrogel promotes healing of diabetic wound.

Background: Traditional methods for treating diabetic wounds are limited in effectiveness because of their long healing times, the risk of immune rejection, and susceptibility to infection. Suppressing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is an effective strategy for reducing persistent inflammation in diabetic wounds. Although disulfiram (DSF) can inhibit the significant increase of NETs in diabetic wounds, oral DSF suffers from rapid and harmful metabolism in the liver.

On the trail of CBCT-guided adaptive rectal boost radiotherapy, does daily delineation require a radiation oncologist?

Introduction: Dose-escalation radiotherapy for rectal tumours is increasingly considered as a non-operative approach, with online-adaptive radiotherapy (oART) supporting this approach by correcting inter-fraction tumour position errors. However, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-guided oART requires daily target volume delineation by different operators, leading to inter-operator delineation variability and potential dosimetric issues. This study aims to compare and quantify the inter-operator and inter-professional delineation variability of the rectal boost volume on CBCT, including volumes by an automatically delineated oART treatment planning system.

Machine Learning to Predict Interim Response in Pediatric Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma Using Affordable Blood Tests.

Purpose: Response assessment of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) with positron emission tomography-computerized tomography (PET-CT) is standard of care in well-resourced settings but unavailable in most African countries. We aimed to investigate correlations between changes in PET-CT findings at interim analysis with changes in blood test results in pediatric patients with cHL in 17 South African centers.

Methods: Changes in ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), albumin, total white cell count (TWC), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), and absolute eosinophil count were compared with PET-CT Deauville scores (DS) after two cycles of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine in 84 pediatric patients with cHL.

Explainable F-FDG PET/CT radiomics model for predicting EGFR mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma: a two-center study.

Purpose: To establish an explainable F-FDG PET/CT-derived prediction model to identify EGFR mutation status and subtypes (EGFR wild, EGFR-E19, and EGFR-E21) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Methods: Baseline F-FDG PET/CT images of 478 patients with LUAD from 2 hospitals were collected. Data from hospital A (n = 390) was randomly split into a training group (n = 312) and an internal test group (n = 78), with data from hospital B (n = 88) utilized for external test.

Adaptive segmentation-to-survival learning for survival prediction from multi-modality medical images.

Early survival prediction is vital for the clinical management of cancer patients, as tumors can be better controlled with personalized treatment planning. Traditional survival prediction methods are based on radiomics feature engineering and/or clinical indicators (e.g.

Chest CT assess the impact of omalizumab treatment on airway remodeling in refractory asthma.

Background: To evaluate the benefits of omalizumab treatment in patients through real-world follow-up and assess the impact of omalizumab treatment on airway remodeling using chest CT.

Methods: This is a single-center prospective, observational study included Chinese patients with refractory asthma who received omalizumab treatment from May 2021 to December 2022. We collected real-world clinical data, including their hospitalization information, pulmonary function, FENO, laboratory assessment, ACT scores, chest CT at baseline and every follow-up month.

Effectiveness of electro-acupuncture for cognitive improvement on Alzheimer's disease quantified via PET imaging of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1.

Introduction: Electro-acupuncture (EA) has demonstrated potential in improving mild-to-moderate dementia in clinics, but the underlying scientific target remains unclear.

Methods: EA was administered to APP/PS1 Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice, with untreated AD, and wild type (WT) mice serving as controls. The efficacy of EA was assessed by the Morris water maze cognitive functional tests.

ATP6V1D drives hepatocellular carcinoma stemness and progression via both lysosome acidification-dependent and -independent mechanisms.

Metabolic reprogramming is pivotal in cancer stem cell (CSC) self-renewal. However, the intricate regulatory mechanisms governing the crosstalk between metabolic reprogramming and liver CSCs remain elusive. Here, using a metabolic CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen, we identify ATP6V1D, a subunit of the vacuolar-type H-translocating ATPase (V-ATPase), as a key metabolic regulator of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stemness.

Evaluation of Ga-FAPI PET/CT and F-FDG PET/CT for the diagnosis of recurrent colorectal cancers.

Objective: The present study aimed to compare the diagnostic value of gallium-68-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor positron emission tomography/computed tomography (Ga-FAPI PET/CT) and fluorine-18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT (F-FDG PET/CT) for detecting recurrent colorectal cancers (CRCs).

Materials And Methods: Fifty-six patients (age: 18-80 years, 31 men and 25 women) with suspected recurrent CRC were enrolled and underwent F-FDG PET/CT and Ga-FAPI PET/CT sequentially within 1 week. The maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax), tumor-to-background ratio (TBR), and diagnostic accuracy were estimated and compared between the two modalities by using Student's -test.

Promoting chondrogenesis by targeted delivery to the degenerating cartilage in early treatment of osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly incident total joint degenerative disease with cartilage degeneration as the primary pathogenesis. The cartilage matrix is mainly composed of collagen, a matrix protein with a hallmark triple-helix structure, which unfolds with collagen degradation on the cartilage surface. A collagen hybridizing peptide (CHP) is a synthetic peptide that binds the denatured collagen triple helix, conferring a potential disease-targeting possibility for early-stage OA.

A CLRN3-Based CD8 T-Related Gene Signature Predicts Prognosis and Immunotherapy Response in Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the most prevalent malignancies affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The infiltration of CD8 T cells significantly influences the prognosis and progression of tumor patients.

Methods: This study establishes a CRC immune risk model based on CD8 T cell-related genes.