Delta large-channel endoscopy versus unilateral biportal endoscopy decompressive laminectomy for lumbar spinal stenosis: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Background: Delta large-channel endoscopy and unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) are prominent minimally invasive techniques for treating lumbar spinal stenosis, known for minimal tissue damage, clear visualization, and quick recovery. However, rigorous controlled research comparing these procedures is scarce, necessitating further investigation into their respective complications and long-term effectiveness. This randomized controlled trial aims to compare their perioperative outcomes, focusing on postoperative recovery and complications over time.

Virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulations identify repurposed drugs as potent inhibitors of Histone deacetylase 1: Implication in cancer therapeutics.

Epigenetic processes are the critical events in carcinogenesis. Histone modification plays a crucial role in gene expression regulation, where histone deacetylases (HDACs) are key players in epigenetic processes. Inhibiting HDACs has shown promise in modern cancer therapy.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence of Dental Caries in the Permanent Teeth of Arab Children.

Despite the global prevalence of dental caries, there is a paucity of comprehensive data on the extent of this issue among children in the Arab region. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prevalence of dental caries and the associated Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) indices in permanent teeth among children from 4 to under 18 years of age in the Arab region. A comprehensive review of various studies was conducted.

Progressive iron overload in middle-aged mice impairs olfactory function, triggers lipid oxidation and induces apoptosis.

Introduction: This study aims to investigate the progressive impact of chronic iron overload on the olfactory bulb, a region significantly affected in early neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. The focus is on understanding how iron accumulation leads to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuronal damage over time in middle-aged mice.

Method: The mice were continuously administered FC for a duration of 16 weeks, and the olfactory behavior of the mice was observed at intervals of 4 weeks.

CXCR2 Activated JAK3/STAT3 Signaling Pathway Exacerbating Hepatotoxicity Associated with Tacrolimus.

Purpose: Tacrolimus could induce hepatotoxicity during clinical use, and the mechanism was still unclear, which posed new challenge for the prevention and treatment of tacrolimus-induced hepatotoxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of tacrolimus-induced hepatotoxicity and provide reference for drug development target.

Methods: In this study, biochemical analysis, pathological staining, immunofluorescent staining, immunohistochemical staining, transcriptomic analysis, Western blotting was used to investigate the mechanism of tacrolimus-induced hepatotoxicity in gene knockout mice and Wistar rats.

Sexual dimorphism in pathogenic variant-harbouring individuals.

Background: Individuals harbouring pathogenic variants are at risk for aneurysms/dissections throughout the arterial tree. Based on prior reports of sex differences in thoracic aortic aneurysm/dissection, we investigated the sexual dimorphism for vascular events in variant-harbouring patients.

Methods: We analysed two large pedigrees comprising 84 individuals segregating pathogenic missense variants affecting the same p.

Targeting Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Eliminate or Reprogram?

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are key components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Given their various roles in tumor progression and treatment resistance, CAFs are promising therapeutic targets in cancer. The elimination of tumor-promoting CAFs has been investigated in various animal models to determine whether it effectively suppresses tumor growth.

Annao Pingchong decoction attenuates oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis following intracerebral hemorrhage via RAGE-NOX2/4 axis.

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe condition associated with high mortality and disability rates. Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the development of secondary brain injury (SBI) following ICH. Previous research has demonstrated that Annao Pingchong decoction (ANPCD) treatment for ICH has antioxidant effects, but the exact mechanism is not yet fully understood.

Transcriptomic analysis of + non-small cell lung cancer reveals an upregulation of nucleotide synthesis and cell adhesion pathways.

Introduction: The transcriptomic characteristics of + non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represent a crucial aspect of its tumor biology. These features provide valuable insights into key dysregulated pathways, potentially leading to the discovery of novel targetable alterations or biomarkers.

Methods: From The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, all available + (n = 10), + (n = 5) and + (n = 5) NSCLC tumor and + cell line (n = 7) RNA-sequencing files were collected.

Analyzing the adverse events of NK-1 receptor antagonists: a pharmacovigilance study from the FAERS database.

Background: NK-1 receptor antagonists (NK-1RAs) are proven to be successful in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). The safety profile of NK-1RAs has not been systematically analyzed in the real world. This pharmacovigilance study investigated the differences in adverse events (AEs) between NK-1RAs.

Interplay of Chromatin Remodeling BAF Complexes in Mouse Embryonic and Epiblast Stem Cell Conversion and Maintenance.

Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs) are pluripotent stem cells derived from pre-implantation and post-implantation embryos, respectively. These cells are capable of interconversion through manipulation of key transcription factors and signaling pathways. While BAF chromatin remodeling complexes are known to play crucial roles in ESC self-renewal and pluripotency, their roles in EpiSCs and their interconversion with ESCs remain unclear.

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Among Schistosomiasis mansoni Patients Residing in Endemic Zone in Brazil.

The occurrence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in patients with Schistosomiasis mansoni (SM) is still poorly understood in Brazil. The objective of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgG in patients with SM and its association with the periportal fibrosis (PPF), assessed by serum markers and ultrasound criteria. This cross-sectional study was carried out in an endemic area in Pernambuco, Brazil, with schistosomal patients who underwent coproscopic survey.

Bayesian Latent Class Models for Evaluating the Validity of Claim-based Definitions of Disease Outcomes.

Background: Large electronic databases have been widely used in recent years; however, they can be susceptible to bias due to incomplete information. To address this, validation studies have been conducted to assess the accuracy of disease diagnoses defined in databases. However, such studies may be constrained by potential misclassification in references and the interdependence between diagnoses from the same data source.

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate therapeutic potential in human diseases: molecular mechanisms and clinical studies.

Green tea has garnered increasing attention across age groups due to its numerous health benefits, largely attributed to Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG), its key polyphenol. EGCG exhibits a wide spectrum of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, and neuroprotective properties, as well as benefits for cardiovascular and oral health. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent findings on the therapeutic potential of EGCG in various human diseases.

Unraveling ptosis: a comprehensive review of clinical manifestations, genetics, and treatment.

Ptosis is defined as an abnormally low-lying upper eyelid margin on the primary gaze, generally resulting from a congenital or acquired abnormality of the nerves or muscles that control the eyelid. Ptosis can occur alone or concurrently as an ocular or systemic syndrome, and the prevalence of ptosis varies among different countries and populations. Isolated ptosis typically causes aesthetic problems in patients and can lead to functional ophthalmic problems in severe cases.

Kinetochores get a grip!

A new study by Larson and colleagues (2025. J. Cell Biol.

Doublecortin regulates the mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in glioma via Rho-A/Net-1/p38-MAPK signaling.

Doublecortin (DCX) is a microtubule-associated protein known to be a key regulator of neuronal migration and differentiation during brain development. However, the role of DCX, particularly in regulating the survival and growth of glioma cells, remains unclear. In this study, we utilized CRISPR/Cas9 technology to knock down DCX in the human glioma cell line (U251).

[Recommendations for the rehabilitation of patients with chronic kidney disease requiring hemodialysis (literature review)].

Unlabelled: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem, CKD is widespread in the world, on average it is detected in 10-13% of the adult population. Sedentary patients with CKD on dialysis have a higher risk of mortality. Despite the significant association of physical function with mortality in patients with CKD, physical function is not routinely assessed and exercise is not a component of the routine management of patients with CKD on dialysis.

Light-Activatable Ubiquitin for Studying Linkage-Specific Ubiquitin Chain Formation Kinetics.

Ubiquitination is a dynamic post-translational modification governing protein abundance, function, and localization in eukaryotes. The Ubiquitin protein is conjugated to lysine residues of target proteins, but can also repeatedly be ubiquitinated itself, giving rise to a complex code of ubiquitin chains with different linkage types. To enable studying the cellular dynamics of linkage-specific ubiquitination, light-activatable polyubiquitin chain formation is reported here.

Current challenges in dental education- a scoping review.

Introduction: This scoping review aimed to review the various challenges facing dental education. Dental education faces multiple institutional, student and faculty-based challenges. Institutional challenges include updating infrastructure resources, recruiting qualified faculty, and implementing administrative policies that enhance dental education.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: a half-century historical perspective.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has evolved significantly over fifty years into a powerful analytical technique. This review aims to achieve five main goals. (1) Providing a comprehensive history of SERS's discovery, its experimental and theoretical foundations, its connections to advances in nanoscience and plasmonics, and highlighting collective contributions of key pioneers.

Stepwise Modulation of Bridged Single-Benzene-Based Fluorophores for Materials Science.

In recent years, researchers studying fluorogenic samples have steadily shifted from using large, expensive, poorly soluble fluorophores with complex synthetic sequences to smaller, simpler p scaffolds with low molecular weight. This research article presents an in-depth study of the photophysical properties of five bridged single-benzene-based fluorophores (SBBFs) investigated for their solution and solid-state emission (SSSE) properties. The compounds O4, N1O3, N2O2, N3O1, and N4 are derived from a central terephthalonitrile core and vary in the amount of oxygen and nitrogen bridging atoms.

Tumor-Targeted Magnetic Micelles for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Drug Delivery, and Overcoming Multidrug Resistance.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is prevalent in Southern China. Unfortunately, current treatments encounter multidrug resistance (MDR). Overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), resulting in the efflux of chemotherapy drugs, is one of the significant mechanisms causing MDR.

Simple Preparation and Bone Regeneration Effects of Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Resveratrol Self-Cross-Linked Hydrogels.

Hydrogels have broad application prospects in bone repair. Pure poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels have limited applications because of their low hardness and poor mechanical properties. This study found that resveratrol (Res) and PVA self-assembled and cross-linked through the formation of strong hydrogen bonds after freeze-thawing, forming an easily available PVA-Res supramolecular hydrogel through a green process.

Reasons for Day-of-Surgery Cancellation of Elective Surgical Procedures During the COVID-19 Pandemic Compared to Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Periods.

Introduction: With the emergence of the global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, health service providers were put to the test. The utilization of operating theatres is one of the prime indicators of the logistic and organizational efficacy of a hospital. We performed an analysis evaluating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the fluidity of providing surgical care to a patient with severe comorbidities and the organizational efficacy of the operating theater in a university hospital in northern Poland.