228 results match your criteria: "Center of Intensive Care[Affiliation]"

Effects of an Innovative Head-Up Tilt Protocol on Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness Changes.

J Clin Med

March 2021

Gravitational Physiology and Medicine Research Unit, Division of Physiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 3810 Graz, Austria.

Unlabelled: The objective of our study was to identify blood pressure (BP) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) changes during orthostatic loading, using a new the head-up tilt test (HUTT), which incorporates the usage of a standardized hydrostatic column height.

Methods: 40 healthy subjects 20-32 years performed HUTT, which was standardized to a height of the hydrostatic column at 133 cm. Exposure time was 10 min in each of 3 positions: horizontal supine 1, HUTT, and horizontal supine 2.

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European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Basic Life Support.

Resuscitation

April 2021

Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom; University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham B9 5SS, United Kingdom.

The European Resuscitation Council has produced these basic life support guidelines, which are based on the 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Science with Treatment Recommendations. The topics covered include cardiac arrest recognition, alerting emergency services, chest compressions, rescue breaths, automated external defibrillation (AED), CPR quality measurement, new technologies, safety, and foreign body airway obstruction.

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These European Resuscitation Council education guidelines, are based on the 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Science with Treatment Recommendations. This section provides guidance to citizens and healthcare professionals with regard to teaching and learning the knowledge, skills and attitudes of resuscitation with the ultimate aim of improving patient survival after cardiac arrest.

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Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-β1) Induces Pro-Reparative Phenotypic Changes in Epicardial Cells in Mice.

Bull Exp Biol Med

February 2021

Laboratory of Angiogenesis, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

We evaluated the content of active form of TGF-β1 in the intact and post-infarction heart and the effect of this factor on the properties of epicardial cells. During the acute stage after myocardial infarction, the production of TGF-β1 in the heart increased, which closely correlated with activation of epicardial cells (appearance of a pool of Wt1+ epicardial cells entering the epithelial-mesenchymal transition). The role of TGF-β1 as the factor of epicardial activation was confirmed by the results of in vitro experiments: addition of recombinant TGF-β1 to cultured epicardial cells led to enhanced expression of genes of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and phenotypic transformation of these cells leading to the appearance of cells with markers of smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts.

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Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 (TGF-β1) Regulates Assembly of Cardiac Spheroids.

Bull Exp Biol Med

February 2021

Laboratory of Angiogenesis, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

Cells of all tissues in human body interact with their neighboring cells and components of the extracellular matrix thereby creating a unique 3D microenvironment. These interactions are realized through a complex network of biochemical and mechanical signals that are important in maintaining normal cellular homeostasis. Numerous attempts have been undertaken during the last two decades to develop 3D models for studying their properties and understanding the mechanisms of regulation of cell microenvironment in vivo.

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We analyzed the effects of bacterial pathogen-associated molecular patterns (LPS and flagellin) and adrenergic agonist isoproterenol on the content of total and phosphorylated (Ser552) hormone-sensitive lipase in mesenchymal stromal cells and cell products of their adipogenic differentiation. The expression of hormone-sensitive lipase and an increase in the content of its activated phosphorylated form were demonstrated by Western blotting in cells of all three lines of adipogenic differentiation. Under the influence of flagellin, the content of total and phosphorylated forms of hormone-sensitive lipase increased in brown adipocytes, while LPS induced a decrease in the content of total hormone-sensitive lipase in white adipocytes.

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The community structure and metabolic potential of gut microbiome is not well investigated, especially in chronically critically ill patients with prolonged dependence on support systems after severe brain disorders. Microbial phenolic metabolites can target the brain function by the direct and indirect modulation of inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the features of the gut microbiota and profile of certain metabolites in the progression and reversibility of neurological disorders in chronically critically ill patients.

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The emergence of the novel coronavirus in December 2019 in China marked the beginning of a pandemic that impacted healthcare systems and economic life all over the world. The virus primarily targets the respiratory system causing severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in some patients, and therefore received the name of SARS-CoV-2. The pathogen stands out among other coronaviruses by its rapid transmission from human to human, with the majority of infected individuals being asymptomatic or presenting with only minor illness, therefore facilitating the pathogen spread.

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BACKGROUND Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare and severe progressive disease with multiple clinical manifestations and organ damage. Usually, it requires long-term monitoring of the state of many organs due to the gradual character of its manifestations. CASE REPORT We report a case of a long-term follow-up of a patient with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis with emphasis on specific clinical features in this patient.

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In recent years, the effect of critical conditions on intestine and the role of such changes in maintenance and progression of systemic disorders are of particular attention. This issue is relevant in critically ill neurosurgical patients too. Intestine morphology and microbiome changes in these patients represent a wide field for researches in intensive care and prevention of secondary damage to other organs and systems.

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The effect of team and leadership training of advanced life support providers on patient outcomes: A systematic review.

Resuscitation

March 2021

Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; School of Medicine, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Aim: To conduct a systematic review evaluating improvement in team and leadership performance and resuscitation outcomes after such a training of healthcare providers during advanced life support (ALS) courses.

Methods: This systematic review asked the question of whether students taking structured and standardised ALS courses in an educational setting which include specific leadership or team training, compared to no such specific training in these courses, improves patient survival, skill performance in actual resuscitations, skill performance at 3-15 months (patient tasks, teamwork, leadership), skill performance at course conclusion (patient tasks, teamwork, leadership), or cognitive knowledge PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane database were searched until April 2020. Screening of articles, analysis of risk of bias, outcomes and quality assessment were performed according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology.

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The aim of the study was to develop an informative method for assessing chemoreflex sensitivity and to evaluate its prognostic capacity for restoring spontaneous breathing in patients with brain damage of various etiologies. The study included 16 healthy volunteers and 38 patients on prolonged mechanical ventilation (VE) after a traumatic brain injury, anoxic brain damage, and cerebrovascular events. The external respiration variables were assessed from the initial level to the development of the first episode of desaturation with spO in the range of 90-80% against the background of normobaric hypoxia as indicators reflecting the development of adaptive ventilatory response and characterizing the state of peripheral chemoreflex sensitivity (PCS).

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Patients in chronic critical illness after brain injury may experience various conditions that limit nutritional support. of this work is to analyze the factors limiting or hindering the provision of nutritional support (in particular, enteral clinical nutrition) in patients in chronic critical illness after brain damage. .

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Heme oxygenase is a cytoprotective enzyme with strong antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. Its cytoprotective role is mainly attributed to its enzymatic activity, which involves the degradation of heme to biliverdin with simultaneous release of carbon monoxide (CO). Recent studies uncovered a new cytoprotective role for heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) by identifying a regulatory role on the complement control protein decay-accelerating factor.

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Background: Storage of packed red blood cells (PRBC) for 42 days causes morphological, structural, and functional changes in the red cells. To assess the quality of stored PRBC, it is important to evaluate the main components of the product. The aim of this study was to evaluate the kinetics of the structural transformations in the cytoskeleton of red cells during long-term storage (up to 42 days).

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Corticosteroids for Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) With Different Disease Severity: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth

February 2021

Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Faculty of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. Electronic address:

Objectives: Efficacy and safety of corticosteroids in patients with 2019-nCoV (novel coronavirus 2019) infection still are debated. Because large randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and a well-conducted meta-analysis on the use of corticosteroids, focused on patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in intensive care units, recently were published, a meta-analysis of RCTs on corticosteroids therapy in patients with different disease severity was performed to evaluate the effect on survival.

Design: A meta-analyses of RCTs was performed.

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Background And Objectives: In clinical practice, it has been shown that transfusion of packed red blood cells (pRBCs) with late shelf life increases the risk of post-transfusion complications.

Objective: To study relationship of membrane stiffness, cytoskeleton structure and storage time of pRBCs.

Materials And Methods: pRBCs were processed and stored according to blood bank procedure, for 42 days, at +4°C; pRBC samples were taken on days 3, 12, 19, 21, 24, 28, 35 and 42.

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Interest in indolic structure metabolites, including a number of products of microbial biotransformation of the aromatic amino acid tryptophan, is increasingly growing. The review prepared by a team of authors is based on in-depthscrutiny of data available in PubMed, Scopus, Cyberleninka, Clinical Trials, and Cochrane Library, eventually narrowing the search to a set of keywords such as tryptophan metabolites; plasma metabolomics profiling; metabolomics fingerprinting; gas-, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry; serotonin; melatonin; tryptamine; indoxyl sulfate; indole-3-acetic acid; indole-3-propionic acid; 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid; gut microbiota and microbial metabolites. It provides a summary that outlines the pattern of changes in the level of indolic structure metabolites in a number of diseases and deals with the data from the field of human microbiota metabolites.

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Cytokines mapping for tissue-specific expression, eQTLs and GWAS traits.

Sci Rep

September 2020

Laboratory of Ecological Genetics, N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkin Street, Moscow, Russia, 117971.

Dysregulation in cytokine production has been linked to the pathogenesis of various immune-mediated traits, in which genetic variability contributes to the etiopathogenesis. GWA studies have identified many genetic variants in or near cytokine genes, nonetheless, the translation of these findings into knowledge of functional determinants of complex traits remains a fundamental challenge. In this study we aimed at collection, analysis and interpretation of data on cytokines focused on their tissue-specific expression, eQTLs and GWAS traits.

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A new approach to the quantitative analysis of aromatic metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid samples of neurosurgical patients based on microextraction by packed sorbent coupled with derivatization and GC-MS was developed. Analytical characteristics such as recoveries (40-90%), limit of detection (0.1-0.

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The impact of carbon monoxide (CO) gas on the human organism is very dangerous. The affinity of CO to hemoglobin is considerably higher than that of oxygen. Thus, the interaction of CO with the blood results in a higher content of carboxyhemoglobin () in red blood cells (RBCs) and correspondingly in tissue hypoxia.

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Objective: To identify the association between the changes in the profile of microbial metabolites, inflammatory and autoimmune markers and the dynamics of neurological status in chronic critically ill patients with diseases of the central nervous system (CNS).

Material And Methods: Sixty serum samples from 37 patients, aged 19-77 years, with severe CNS diseases were studied. The changes in clinical condition were assessed with NIHSS, the Rankin scale, the Glasgow Coma Scale, the FOUR Coma Scale and the Rivermead Mobility Index.

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Indole-containing acids-tryptophan metabolites-found in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of patients with diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) were determined with the use of microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) followed by silylation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. MEPS with the following silylation led to the reproducible formation of derivatives with an unsubstituted hydrogen ion in the indole ring, the chromatographic peaks of which are symmetric and can be used for GC-MS analysis without additional derivatization. The recoveries of analytes at the limit of quantitation (LOQ) levels were 40-80% for pooled CSF and 40-60% for serum.

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Desialylation-loss of terminal sialic acid residues from glycoconjugates catalyzed by sialidases-is involved in many human diseases and is considered a key molecular event of atherosclerosis onset. Desialylated low-density lipoproteins with atherogenic properties have been detected in human blood previously. However, there is currently no consensus on the origin of desialylation activity in the bloodstream.

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Non-contagious diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, and mental disorders hold responsibility for major health losses worldwide. Atherosclerosis was found to be the leading cause of deaths due to the major consequences, such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, and others. The number of patients with atherosclerosis increases with every passing year.

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