424 results match your criteria: "Center of Disease Control[Affiliation]"

Rotavirus vaccine effectiveness and coverage among children younger than 5 years old in Shanghai, China: A test-negative case control study.

Vaccine

January 2025

Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:

Objectives: The number of post-marketing studies assessing the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the Lanzhou lamb rotavirus vaccine (LLR, licensed in 2000 exclusively in China) and the oral human attenuated pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RotaTeq, licensed in China in 2018) in China is limited.

Methods: A test-negative case-control study based on prospective surveillance was conducted among diarrhea patients aged 5 years and younger at five hospitals in Shanghai, China. Cases and controls were defined based on the results of real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) of fecal samples for rotavirus.

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Background: As the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) rises among older adults, the associated risks of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes significantly increase, and it is closely linked to various metabolic processes in the body. Dysregulation of tryptophan (TRP) metabolism, particularly alterations in the kynurenine (KYN) and serotonin pathways, has been linked to the onset of chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance, key contributors to the development of MetS. We aim to investigate the relationship between the TRP metabolites and the risk of MetS in older adults.

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To understand the occurrence of different patterns of multimorbidity among children and adolescents aged 9-18 in Tianjin and analyze the cumulative effects of lifestyle on these patterns of multimorbidity. From September to November 2022, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select students from primary schools, junior high schools, general high schools, and vocational schools in 16 districts of Tianjin to screen for height, weight, blood pressure, distant vision, and diopter. One year later, a follow-up measurement and questionnaire survey were conducted.

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Background: Our previous study showed that antibiotic exposure was linked to depressive symptomatology in community-dwelling older adults in China. Our current study aims to explore the underlying mechanisms by assessing the intermediated effects of circulating short-chain organic acids (SCOAs) on this association.

Methods: Depressive symptoms were screened by the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30).

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The objective is to analyse the physicochemical properties, spatial structure and protein-protein interactions (PPIs) of L7/L12 protein using bioinformatics methods and predict their B- and T-cell epitopes to lay a theoretical foundation for developing a novel multiepitope vaccine (MEV). The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database was searched for the amino acid sequences of L7/L12 from . In addition, the online softwares, ProtParam and ProtScale, were used to predict the physicochemical properties: NetPhos3.

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Background: Rabies continues to be a significant global public health concern, particularly in the Asia region where it is associated with high mortality rate. The administration of effective vaccination is essential in preventing this potentially fatal viral infection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of two rabies vaccination schedules: the Zagreb (2-1-1) and Essen (1-1-1-1-1) regimens, in a cohort of healthy Chinese individuals aged 10-60 years.

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Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic overwhelmed health systems, resulting in a surge in excess deaths. This study clustered countries based on excess mortality to understand their response to the pandemic and the influence of various factors on excess mortality within each cluster.

Materials And Methods: This ecological study is part of the COVID-19 MORtality (C-MOR) Consortium.

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Objectives: Long COVID has received much attention as a complex multi-system disease due to its serious impact on quality of life. However, there remains inconsistent results in terms of risk factors, and a prediction model for the accurate prediction of long COVID is still lacking.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

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Evaluation and the mechanism of ShengXian and JinShuiLiuJun decoction in the treatment of silicotic fibrosis: An integrated network pharmacology, life omics, and experimental validation study.

J Ethnopharmacol

January 2025

Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, PR China. Electronic address:

Background: Silicosis is a systemic disease characterized by extensive fibrosis due to prolonged exposure to silica dust, with rising incidence rates significantly impacting global public health. ShengXian and JinShuiLiuJun Decoction (SXD) is a Chinese medicinal preparation containing a variety of medicinal plants. It has shown notable clinical efficacy in treating silicotic fibrosis in China.

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Bidirectional associations between sleep and anxiety among Chinese schoolchildren before and after the COVID-19 lockdown.

Sci Rep

September 2024

Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

The COVID-19 pandemic has critical implications for mental health in children. This study examined how the COVID-19 lockdown affected sleep duration and anxiety symptoms in Chinese school-aged children and the bidirectional association between sleep and anxiety before and during the COVID-19 lockdown. A school-based longitudinal cohort study was conducted to examine the relationship between sleep duration and anxiety scores before and after the COVID-19 lockdown from January to May 2020.

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Background: Although nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) are thought to reduce the risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the effect of NA discontinuation on the prognosis of HBV-related HCC after hepatectomy is rarely reported. We aimed to investigate the potential for hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg)-negative HBV-related HCC patients to discontinue NAs based on preoperative hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) status.

Methods: This historical cohort study involved 1232 NA-treated HBeAg-negative patients who underwent curative hepatectomy for HBV-related HCC from 2014 to 2019.

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Expanded PAH analysis of household air pollution in a rural region of China with high lung cancer incidence.

Environ Pollut

November 2024

Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.

The domestic combustion of locally sourced smoky (bituminous) coal in Xuanwei and Fuyuan counties, China, is responsible for some of the highest lung cancer rates in the world. Recent research has pointed to methylated PAHs (mPAHs), particularly 5-methylchrysene (5MC), within coal combustion products as a driving factor. Here we describe measurements of mPAHs in Xuanwei and Fuyuan derived from controlled burnings (i.

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Effects of the pesticide carbendazim on broiler chicken health and carbendazim residue levels in broiler tissues.

Vet Res Commun

October 2024

State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China.

Pesticide residues may enter the human body through the food chain when livestock and poultry consume pesticide-contaminated feed. Therefore, monitoring and limiting pesticide residues in animal feed and animal-origin foods is necessary. Carbendazim is one of the most frequently detected pesticides in food and feed and has various toxic effects on non-target animals.

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Article Synopsis
  • Recent increases in pertussis cases in China prompted a study on optimizing immunization strategies for 6-year-old preschoolers in Shanghai.
  • The study used a Markov-decision tree model to compare the cost-effectiveness of administering an acellular pertussis booster shot at age 6 versus not giving a booster.
  • Results showed that giving the booster is cost-saving, leading to both reduced healthcare costs and increased quality-adjusted life years (QALYs).
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Article Synopsis
  • - The study investigates factors related to viral load non-suppression among adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Tanzania, noting an increase in this group's HIV prevalence despite overall declining rates of HIV infection.
  • - An analysis of data from 2250 ALHIV revealed that 10.04% were not virally suppressed, with significant associations found for not using a Dolutegravir (DTG)-based regimen and receiving care at lower-level facilities, as well as age influencing suppression rates.
  • - The findings highlight important clinical concerns regarding treatment regimens and healthcare access that may impact viral load outcomes in adolescents, suggesting areas for targeted interventions to improve ART effectiveness. *
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D2022 alleviates hyperuricemia and suppresses renal inflammation potential gut-kidney axis.

Food Funct

June 2024

National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.

Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a widespread metabolic disorder. Probiotics have drawn increasing attention as an adjunctive treatment with fewer side effects. However, thus far the effective strains are limited and the mechanisms for their serum uric acid (SUA)-lowering effect are not well understood.

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The current commentary explored the applicability of the methods described in "Mitigating invalid and mischievous survey responses: A registered report examining risk disparities between heterosexual and lesbian, gay, bisexual, or questioning youth" by Dr. Joseph Cimpian and colleagues to explore sexual orientation disparities in preexisting data from a nonprobability sample. Understanding Affirming Communities, Relationships, and Networks was a study of mostly White (77.

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Indian Ocean temperature anomalies predict long-term global dengue trends.

Science

May 2024

State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Center for Global Change and Public Health, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.

Despite identifying El Niño events as a factor in dengue dynamics, predicting the oscillation of global dengue epidemics remains challenging. Here, we investigate climate indicators and worldwide dengue incidence from 1990 to 2019 using climate-driven mechanistic models. We identify a distinct indicator, the Indian Ocean basin-wide (IOBW) index, as representing the regional average of sea surface temperature anomalies in the tropical Indian Ocean.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Conducted from April 2020 to February 2021, it analyzed 30,546 PCR tests, finding a 61.94% positivity rate and a subsequent low occurrence of reinfection (1.81% of total HCWs) after a 90-day period.
  • * The findings suggest that HCWs have a strong estimated immunity against recurring COVID-19 infections, with a 94.8% protection rate post-infection, indicating that serious cases of reinfection or relapse are uncommon in this group.
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Introduction: To examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality, we estimated excess all-cause mortality in 24 countries for 2020 and 2021, overall and stratified by sex and age.

Methods: Total, age-specific and sex-specific weekly all-cause mortality was collected for 2015-2021 and excess mortality for 2020 and 2021 was calculated by comparing weekly 2020 and 2021 age-standardised mortality rates against expected mortality, estimated based on historical data (2015-2019), accounting for seasonality, and long-term and short-term trends. Age-specific weekly excess mortality was similarly calculated using crude mortality rates.

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Background: With the rapid advancement of the One Health approach, the transmission of human infectious diseases is generally related to environmental and animal health. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been largely impacted by environmental factors regionally and globally and has significantly disrupted human society, especially in low-income regions that border many countries. However, few research studies have explored the impact of environmental factors on disease transmission in these regions.

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Objective: To examine associations of sleep duration and quality with cognitive impairment in older adults and the moderating role of gender and age in these associations.

Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study included 4,837 participants aged 60 years and above. Cognitive function was assessed using the Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the participants were grouped based on the presence of cognitive impairment.

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A Differential Protein Study on Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid at Different Stages of Silicosis.

Comb Chem High Throughput Screen

September 2024

Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, P.R. China.

Objectives: In this study, by comparing the difference in protein expression in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid between silicosis patients in different stages and healthy controls, the pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis was discussed, and a new idea for the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis was provided.

Methods: The lung lavage fluid was pretreated by 10 K ultrafiltration tube, Agilent 1100 conventional liquid phase separation, strong cation exchange column (SCX) HPLC pre-separation, and C18 reverse phase chromatography desalting purification, and protein was labeled with isotope. GO, KEGG pathway, and PPI analysis of differential proteins were conducted by bioinformatics, and protein types and corresponding signal pathways were obtained.

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Biomonitoring methods can be used to measure exposure to antibiotics in the general population; however, epidemiological data on the associations between urinary antibiotic levels and the cardiac profiles of enzymes lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and creatine kinase isoenzyme in older adults remain sparse. We investigated these associations in 990 individuals from the Cohort of Elderly Health and Environment Controllable Factors. Antibiotic residues in urine samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

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