The German SCREEN project--design and evaluation of the communication strategy.

Background: Skin cancer is the most common cancer in light-skinned populations worldwide. Primary and secondary preventive activities such as skin cancer screening are intended to reduce skin cancer burden. In 2003, a population-based skin cancer screening project [SCREEN (Skin Cancer Research to Provide Evidence for Effectiveness of Screening in Northern Germany)] was conducted in Northern Germany with more than 360,000 people screened.

Recommendations for adjunctive basic skin care in patients with psoriasis.

Background: Psoriasis is a multifactorial disease involving both genetic predisposition and external triggers, resulting in epidermal and immune dysfunctions. Regardless of the severity of the disease, patients require additional basic topical treatment with emollients. Basic skin care products are well known for their role in moisture retention and symptom control in psoriasis, yet patients underuse them.

UVA and UVB irradiation differentially regulate microRNA expression in human primary keratinocytes.

MicroRNA (miRNA)-mediated regulation of the cellular transcriptome is an important epigenetic mechanism for fine-tuning regulatory pathways. These include processes related to skin cancer development, progression and metastasis. However, little is known about the role of microRNA as an intermediary in the carcinogenic processes following exposure to UV-radiation.

Clinical specificities of Tinea capitis in Georgia population.

The aim of the study was to reveal peculiarities of the clinical symptoms and forms of Tinea capitis caused by etiological agents that are common in our country. The study was conducted on 176 ambulatory patients who approached the National Centre in 2009-2013. Inclusion criterion was simultaneous presence of clinical symptoms and positive result of microscopic study.

Basal cell carcinoma, oculo-cutaneous albinism and actinic keratosis in a native Indian.

The report highlights the occurrence of basal cell carcinoma in a native Indian with oculo-cutaneous albinism, an association not frequently encountered. The clinical and histopathological features, which assisted to form the diagnosis, are outlined. A high degree of suspicion and timely recognition of the potentially aggressive neoplasm, under this unusual circumstance, is the key to its diagnosis.

Nail surgery.

Nail surgery is a special branch of hand and dermatologic surgery. It is not widely performed, and many physicians do not feel at ease to perform it. The objective of this contribution is to give a short overview of the most important surgical procedures in clinical practice.

Non-melanoma skin cancer incidence and impact of skin cancer screening on incidence.

Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common malignancy, whose public health significance is often unrecognized. This analysis has two objectives: first, to provide up-to-date incidence estimates by sex, age group, histological type, and body site; and second, to study the impact of skin cancer screening. The impact of screening on NMSC incidence in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, is analyzed by comparing four time periods of different screening settings (no screening (1998-2000), pilot project (Skin Cancer Research to Provide Evidence for Effectiveness of Screening in Northern Germany, SCREEN, 2003-2004), after SCREEN (2004-2008), and nation-wide skin cancer screening (2008-2010)) to a reference region (Saarland, Germany).

The effect of ultraviolet radiation on the transforming growth factor beta 1/Smads pathway and p53 in actinic keratosis and normal skin.

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is considered to be essential for the progression of actinic keratosis (AK) to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC); however, the mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. To understand this process, the effects of UV radiation on the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1)/Smads pathway and p53 in normal skin and AK were studied. Normal human skin and AK tissues were cultured and divided into the following four groups according to the UV radiation dose: 0 (control group), 5, 10, and 20 J/cm2.

Efficacy, safety and tolerability of topical terbinafine nail solution in patients with mild-to-moderate toenail onychomycosis: results from three randomized studies using double-blind vehicle-controlled and open-label active-controlled designs.

Background: Terbinafine nail solution (TNS) was developed for the treatment of onychomycosis.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of TNS vs. vehicle and amorolfine 5% nail lacquer.

UVA-induced epigenetic regulation of P16(INK4a) in human epidermal keratinocytes and skin tumor derived cells.

UVA-radiation (315-400 nm) has been demonstrated to be capable of inducing DNA damage and is regarded as a carcinogen. While chromosomal aberrations found in UVA-irradiated cells and skin tumors provided evidence of the genetic involvement in UVA-carcinogenesis, its epigenetic participation is still illusive. We thus analysed the epigenetic patterns of 5 specific genes that are involved in stem cell fate (KLF4, NANOG), telomere maintenance (hTERT) and tumor suppression in cell cycle control (P16(INK4a), P21(WAFI/CIPI)) in chronically UVA-irradiated HaCaT human keratinocytes.

Radiofrequency induced thermotherapy (RFITT) of varicose veins compared to endovenous laser treatment (EVLT): a non-randomized prospective study concentrating on occlusion rates, side-effects and clinical outcome.

Background: Radiofrequency obliteration (RFO) and endovenous laser treatment (EVLT) are established techniques in varicose therapy. A novel bipolar RFO technique - Radiofrequency Induced Thermotherapy (RFITT) - was introduced in 2007. Comparative studies of RFITT and EVLT with one year follow-up are missing.

Squamous cell carcinoma secondary to Buruli ulcer: a clinical case report in a young girl.

Buruli Ulcer, a common tropical disease, is endemic in West Africa in particular in Cote d'Ivoire, where it represents the second mycobacterial disease after Tuberculosis. The late diagnosis and treatment as well as, the lack of surveillance, lead to large skin ulcerations, local or multifocal osteomylitis and some time it may lead to neoplasia which contribute to worse the prognosis of the patient. We presented a case report in a girl of 16 years old, who died from an aggressive squamous cell carcinoma of the upper limb secondary to Buruli Ulcer.

Papulopustular rosacea: prevalence and relationship to photodamage.

Background: The prevalence and pathogenesis of rosacea is uncertain. Previously, studies used varying definitions of disease and have not explored the relationship of its prevalence to ultraviolet (UV) exposure or photodamage.

Objectives: We investigated the prevalence of papulopustular rosacea (PPR) and its relationship to UV radiation exposure in 1000 randomly selected Irish individuals.

The Russian gonococcal antimicrobial susceptibility programme (RU-GASP)--national resistance prevalence in 2007 and 2008, and trends during 2005-2008.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a major problem worldwide. In the former Soviet countries including Russia, the knowledge regarding AMR has been highly limited. However, in 2004 the Russian gonococcal antimicrobial susceptibility programme (RU-GASP) was initiated.

Glycine as a regulator of tryptophan-dependent pigment synthesis in Malassezia furfur.

The effects of the addition of different amino nitrogens on growth, morphology and secondary metabolism of Malassezia furfur were investigated. After primary culture on Dixon agar, M. furfur CBS 1878 was transferred into a fluid medium together with the nitrogen sources, glycine (Gly) or tryptophan (Trp), or a combination of both.

Negative regulation of endogenous protein kinase Calpha on the dynamic change of carbachol-induced intracellular calcium response in different melanoma cells.

Regulations of intracellular protein kinase C (PKC) on carbachol (CCh)-induced intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)]i) responses were investigated in different stages of melanoma cells. We found that CCh (1 mM) significantly increased [Ca(2+)]i with 6-, 4-, 4-, and 25-folds intensities in WM793B, 451Lu, SK-MEL-5, and A2058 melanoma cells, respectively. Pretreatment of phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate (PDBu, 2 microM), an activator of intracellular PKC, significantly suppressed CCh-induced peak reactions in WM793B, SK-MEL-5, and A2058 cells.

Toenail onychomycosis in diabetic patients: issues and management.

Diabetes mellitus may be associated with serious sequelae, such as renal disease, retinopathy, and diabetic foot. A recent large prospective study has shown that onychomycosis is among the most significant predictors of foot ulcer. As the severity of onychomycosis may be associated with the length of time the individual has had the infection, early intervention is advisable owing to the progressive nature of the fungal infection.

Molecular and functional characterization of VDAC2 purified from mammal spermatozoa.

VDAC (voltage-dependent anion channel) is the pore-forming protein located in the outer mitochondrial membrane. In higher eukaryotes, three genes encode VDAC. Nevertheless, the knowledge of VDAC isoforms is mainly restricted to VDAC1, the only isoform that has been characterized from living tissues to date.

Influence of genital heat stress on semen quality in humans.

The concept that an elevation of testicular temperature results in impairment of spermatogenesis is widely accepted. Here, current knowledge concerning genital heat stress and its consequences in men is reviewed. Duration of sitting during work positively correlates with daytime scrotal temperatures and daytime scrotal temperature negatively correlates with semen quality.

Influence of heating car seats on scrotal temperature.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of a heated versus an unheated car seat on scrotal temperature under standardized experimental conditions.

Design: Controlled clinical study.

Setting: Healthy volunteers in an academic research environment.

Effect of genistein on acrosome reaction and zona pellucida binding independent of protein tyrosine kinase inhibition in bull.

Aim: To investigate if the phytoestrogen, genistein, affects essential functions of cryopreserved bovine spermatozoa.

Methods: The effect of genistein upon motility was assessed by computer-assisted motion analysis. Hemizona assay was performed to detect the ability of spermatozoa binding to the zona pellucida.

Influence of moderate cycling on scrotal temperature.

Testicular temperature highly correlates with scrotal temperature. It has been postulated that cycling is associated with increased scrotal temperatures with time and consecutively with impaired semen quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of moderate cycling on scrotal temperature during highly standardized conditions in an experimental lab.

Vitiligo prevalence study in Shaanxi Province, China.

Background: Recent publications, especially those based on population surveys, show that the presumed vitiligo prevalence of 1-2% is overestimated.

Objective: To obtain the vitiligo prevalence in Shaanxi Province, China, through a population survey.

Methods: Approximately one-thousandth of the 36.

Identification of poly-reactive natural IgM antibody that recognizes late apoptotic cells and promotes phagocytosis of the cells.

Unlabelled: Natural IgM can recognize apoptotic cells, but the molecular structure and the role in macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells remain unclear.

Objectives: (1) To examine the binding of previously isolated natural IgM (3B4) to apoptotic cells and its effects on phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. (2) To characterize the molecular structure of 3B4.