Are the Reasons Why Patients Are Referred for an Orthodontic Visit Correct?

Who does refer patients for an orthodontic consultation? Which are the main reasons for the referral? Does the visit of the orthodontic specialist confirm these reasons or reveal undiagnosed problems? Is there the risk that only evident dental problems are addressed, while craniofacial malformations remain underdiagnosed? This cross-sectional epidemiologic study aims to answer these questions, analysing the clinical data collected during the orthodontic visits of 500 Caucasian young patients referred to a public health structure of northern Italy. All patients were visited by the same expert specialist in orthodontics. Clinical data were collected, analysing both dental and skeletal features.

Clinical Outcomes of Free Gingival Graft Following Recipient Bed Preparation with Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Versus Scalpel: A Split-Mouth Randomized Clinical Trial.

Free gingival graft (FGG) procedure is accompanied with a considerable rate of graft shrinkage. This study was aimed to assess the dimensional changes of FGG after recipient site preparation with Er,Cr:YSGG laser and surgical scalpel. This split-mouth randomized clinical trial evaluated 11 patients with bilateral lack of keratinized gingiva in mandibular premolars.

Photobiomodulation Therapy for the Management of Patients With Inferior Alveolar Neurosensory Disturbance Associated With Oral Surgical Procedures: An Interventional Case Series Study.

Inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injury is a serious complication during intraoral surgeries. We aimed to evaluate the outcome of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy in patients with IAN injury associated with third molar or implant procedures. Eight patients with an alteration of sensory function of the IAN after third molar or implant surgeries were enrolled in this case series study.

Association, prediction, generalizability: Cross-center validity of predicting tooth loss in periodontitis patients.

Objectives: To predict patients' tooth loss during supportive periodontal therapy across four German university centers.

Methods: Tooth loss in 897 patients in four centers (Kiel (KI) n = 391; Greifswald (GW) n = 282; Heidelberg (HD) n = 175; Frankfurt/Main (F) n = 49) during supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) was assessed. Our outcome was annualized tooth loss per patient.

Tunnel technique with connective tissue graft versus coronally advanced flap with enamel matrix derivate for root coverage: 5-year results of an RCT using 3D digital measurement technology for volumetric comparison of soft tissue changes.

Aim: Comparison of the clinical efficacy (digitally volumetric, aesthetic, patient-centred outcomes) of tunnel technique (TUN) with subepithelial connective tissue graft (CTG) versus coronally advanced flap (CAF) with enamel matrix derivate (EMD) 5 years after gingival recession therapy.

Materials And Methods: In 18 patients contributing 36 RT1 recessions, study models were collected at baseline and follow-ups. Optical scans assessed recessions computer-assisted [recession depth, recession reduction (RECred), complete root coverage (CRC), percentage of root coverage (RC), pointwise (pTHK) and mean areal (aTHK) marginal soft tissue thickness].

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Spectrum of Performed Dental Procedures.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered existing health care operations, including dentistry. The fear of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the need for increased protection measures have led to a reduction in the number of appointments and the range of performed procedures. Our study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (the pre-vaccine period) on the spectrum of performed dental services, with particular emphasis on the change in the proportion of conservative and surgical procedures.

Rehabilitation of shortened dental arches: A fifteen-year randomised trial.

Background: Few long-term studies on treatments in the shortened dental arch (SDA) are available.

Objective: The objective of this trial was to analyse the long-term success of two different treatment concepts.

Methods: Patients over 35 years of age with missing molars in one jaw and at least the canine and one premolar present on both sides were eligible.

Low-level laser therapy using laser diode 940 nm in the mandibular impacted third molar surgery: double-blind randomized clinical trial.

Background: The effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on pain mitigation following the third molar surgery is still controversial. The absence of a standard method for using laser among the studies is related to the types of sample selection, sample size, control, and LLLT parameters, which make pain mitigation following surgery more controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of LLLT on reducing pain, swelling, and trismus following the mandibular impacted third molar surgery.

Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Activity of Toothpastes and Mouthwashes Available in the Iranian Market.

Toothpastes and mouthwashes contain chemicals that may be harmful to oral tissues. This study assessed the cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of toothpastes and compare the Iranian and foreign toothpastes and mouthwashes available in the Iranian market in this respect. Twenty samples (13 toothpastes and 4 mouthwashes) were selected.

The Effect of Laser Bio-modulation on Dysplastic Lesions, an Animal Study.

Potentially malignant disorders are one of the clinical challenges. Dysplasia in these lesions can be a predictor of more potential for malignant changes. Photo-bio-modulation in benign lesions has advantages, but there is doubt on its safety in potentially malignant lesions.

Influence of resin cement on color stability of ceramic veneers: study.

Statement Of The Problem: Long-term success of ceramic veneers depends on the color stability of resin cement used for their cementation. Color change of cement may be seen through the ceramic and compromise esthetics.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the color change of two resin cements and their visibility through the ceramic veneers after accelerated artificial aging.

Psychological profile and unexpected pain in oral lichen planus: A case-control multicenter SIPMO study.

Objectives: To analyze psychological profiles, pain, and oral symptoms in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP).

Materials And Methods: 300 patients with keratotic OLP (K-OLP; reticular, papular, plaque-like subtypes), 300 patients with predominant non-keratotic OLP (nK-OLP; erythematosus atrophic, erosive, ulcerative, bullous subtypes), and 300 controls were recruited in 15 universities. The number of oral sites involved and oral symptoms were recorded.

Prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient with cleidocranial dysplasia using dental implants-a clinical report.

Adult patients with oral manifestations of untreated syndromic malformations usually exhibit a high degree of suffering. In this clinical report, we describe the implant-supported prosthetic treatment of a patient with cleidocranial dysplasia, a rare autosomal-dominant inherited malformation syndrome. Therapy for oral manifestations of cleidocranial dysplasia should be started in early childhood; however, the 26-year-old patient in the present study had not undergone orthodontic therapy in childhood.

Photobiomodulation with a 645 nm Diode Laser of Saos-2 Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma: The Potential for a New Mechanism of Action.

The main focus of this study was to highlight possible differences between outcomes of photobiomodulation performed in the presence or absence of growth factors derived from platelet-rich plasma. Photobiomodulation has garnered increasing attention, thanks to a large number of controlled clinical trials that have proven its efficacy in various oral pathologies. Nevertheless, the mechanism of action is still a matter of debate.

Assessment of the Photobiomodulation Effect of a Blue Diode Laser on the Proliferation and Migration of Cultured Human Gingival Fibroblast Cells: A Preliminary Study.

Photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) is emerging as an effective strategy for the management of wound healing. The application of red and near infra-red light sources in laser therapy has been the subject of most researches in recent literature. Considering the lack of sufficient evidence in assessing the blue light in PBM, we aimed to investigate the photobiomodulation effect of a blue diode laser on the proliferation and migration of cultured human gingival fibroblast cells as a preliminary in vitro study.

Effect of Laser Irradiance and Fluoride Varnish on Demineralization Around Dental Composite Restorations.

This study aimed to assess the effects of CO2 and erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) lasers with and without fluoride varnish on demineralization around composite restorations. This in vitro experimental study evaluated 96 extracted human premolars. After preparation and restoration of class V cavities in the buccal surface of the teeth with composite resin, they were randomly divided into 8 groups of control, CO2 laser (L1), CO2 laser-NaF (L1F), NaF-CO2 laser (FL1), Er:YAG laser (L2), Er:YAG laser-NaF (L2F), NaF-Er:YAG laser (FL2) and NaF (F).

CBCT for estimation of the cemento-enamel junction and crestal bone of anterior teeth.

The aim of the study is to evaluate the usefulness of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the assessment of the relationship between the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) and bone crest of the anterior mandibular cortex. The study population comprised 39 males and 61 females, aged 18-71. A GENDEX GXCB-500 machine, i-CAT Vision and CorelDraw 9 software were used.

Effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation using SWEEPS and PIPS technique on dye penetration depth after root canal preparation.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the penetration depth of two different dyes after root canal preparation using PIPS and SWEEPS methods.

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 single-rooted human teeth which were extracted for periodontal reasons were collected and stored in the sterile saline until using in the study. The crowns of the teeth were cut such that the remaining piece was 12 mm long.

[Comparative analysis of calcium hydroxide apexification and regenerative endodontic procedure for root dentine growth stimulation in immature incisors with pulp necrosis].

The Aim Of The Study: Was to compare the efficacy of Ca(OH) apexification and regenerative endodontic procedure (REP) in immature teeth with pulp necrosis. The pilot study included 12 children aged 89 to 126 months having pulp necrosis in immature incisors. Dental trauma was the etiology for pulp necrosis in all cases and initial X-rays showed periapical translucency lesions (PTL).

5-year randomized multicenter clinical trial on single dental implants placed in the midline of the edentulous mandible.

Objectives: This multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted to investigate whether the loading protocol of single dental implants placed in the midline of edentulous mandibles will influence the implant survival or prosthetic maintenance.

Materials And Methods: In total, 158 patients were randomly assigned either to the immediate loading group (n = 81) or to the delayed loading group (n = 77). All implants were loaded with an overdenture retained by a ball attachment.

Retrospectively analysed tooth loss in periodontally compromised patients: Long-term results 10 years after active periodontal therapy-Patient-related outcomes.

Background And Objective: Long-term tooth retention is the ultimate goal of periodontal therapy. Aim of this study was to evaluate tooth loss (TL) during 10 years of supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) in periodontal compromised patients and to identify factors influencing TL on patient level.

Material And Methods: Patients were re-examined 120 ± 12 months after active periodontal therapy.