Risk of psychiatric hospitalization in low-income youth: longitudinal findings from the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort.

Background: Youth psychiatric hospitalizations have been associated with negative outcomes, including premature death and post-discharge self-harm. Identifying risk factors for youth psychiatric hospitalization is crucial for informing prevention strategies. We aimed to evaluate the risk factors for psychiatric hospitalizations among low-income youth in Brazil.

Economic interventions for the prevention of mental health problems: The role of cash transfers.

There is a strong, bidirectional association between social disadvantage and poor mental health. The risk of experiencing mental health problems is particularly enhanced by factors associated with living in poverty. Thus, economic interventions may be effective in reducing the burden of mental health issues in these populations.

Retreatment and Anti-tuberculosis Therapy Outcomes in Brazil Between 2015 and 2022: A Nationwide Study.

Background: Adherence to anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) in Brazil remains a challenge in achieving the goals set by the World Health Organization (WHO). Patients who are lost to follow-up during treatment pose a significant public health problem. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with unfavorable ATT outcomes among those undergoing retreatment in Brazil.

approaches for drug repurposing in oncology: a scoping review.

Cancer refers to a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells in the body. Due to its complexity, it has been hard to find an ideal medicine to treat all cancer types, although there is an urgent need for it. However, the cost of developing a new drug is high and time-consuming.

Corrigendum to "Recent changes in growth trajectories: a population-based cohort study of over 5 million Brazilian children born between 2001 and 2014" [The Lancet Regional Health-Americas 2024; Volume 32, 100721, Published: March 27, 2024].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.

Transcriptome profiling reveals distinct alterations in the B-cell signature and dysregulation of peripheral B-cell subsets in sickle cell anemia patients.

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is characterized by immune system activation and heightened susceptibility to infections. We hypothesized that SCA patients exhibit transcriptional alterations in B-cell-related genes, impacting their peripheral B-cell compartment and leading to dysregulated humoral immunity and increased infection susceptibility. Our objective was to conduct an in silico analysis of whole blood transcriptomes from SCA patients and healthy controls obtained from public repositories.

Estimation and probabilistic projection of age- and sex-specific mortality rates across Brazilian municipalities between 2010 and 2030.

Background: Mortality rate estimation in small areas can be difficult due the low number of events/exposure (i.e. stochastic error).

Dose-Dependent Association Between Body Mass Index and Mental Health and Changes Over Time.

Importance: Overweight and obesity affect 340 million adolescents worldwide and constitute a risk factor for poor mental health. Understanding the association between body mass index (BMI) and mental health in adolescents may help to address rising mental health issues; however, existing studies lack comprehensive evaluations spanning diverse countries and periods.

Objective: To estimate the association between BMI and mental health and examine changes over time from 2002 to 2018.

Wildfire, deforestation and health in tropical rainforest areas: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Wildfires and deforestation potentially have direct effects on multiple health outcomes as well as indirect consequences for climate change. Tropical rainforest areas are characterised by high rainfall, humidity and temperature, and they are predominantly found in low-income and middle-income countries. This study aims to synthesise the methods, data and health outcomes reported in scientific papers on wildfires and deforestation in these locations.

Recent changes in growth trajectories: a population-based cohort study of over 5 million Brazilian children born between 2001 and 2014.

Background: There is limited evidence on recent trends in childhood growth trajectories in Low-/middle-income countries. We investigated how age-trajectories for height and Body Mass Index (BMI) have changed among Brazilian children born in two different time periods after 2000.

Methods: We used a population-based cohort (part of the "Cohort of 100-Million Brazilians") created by the linkage of three Brazilian administrative databases: the Cadastro Único of the Federal Government, the National System of Live Births and the National Nutritional and Food Surveillance System.

Association of interpregnancy interval with adverse pregnancy outcomes according to the outcomes of the preceding pregnancy: a longitudinal study with 4.7 million live births from Brazil.

Background: Earlier studies have proposed a link between the Interpregnancy Interval (IPI) and unfavorable birth outcomes. However, it remains unclear if the outcomes of previous births could affect this relationship. We aimed to investigate whether the occurrence of adverse outcomes-small for gestational age (SGA), preterm birth (PTB), and low birth weight (LBW)-at the immediately preceding pregnancy could alter the association between IPI and the same outcomes at the subsequent pregnancy.

Influence of dietary pattern on anti-tuberculosis treatment outcomes in persons with dysglycemia: a Peruvian prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Dietary patterns (DPs) are associated with overall nutritional status and may alter the clinical prognosis of tuberculosis. This interaction can be further intricated by dysglycemia (i.e.

A scaling investigation of urban form features in Latin America cities.

This paper examines scaling behaviors of urban landscape and street design metrics with respect to city population in Latin America. We used data from the SALURBAL project, which has compiled and harmonized data on health, social, and built environment for 371 Latin American cities above 100,000 inhabitants. These metrics included total urbanized area, effective mesh size, area in km2 and number of streets.

Spatial data collection and qualification methods for urban parks in Brazilian capitals: An innovative roadmap.

Urban parks have been studied for their effects on health and the environment. Accessing park data from reliable and comparable sources remains challenging, reinforcing the importance of standardized search tools, notably in Latin America. We designed a systematized methodology to identify processes of accessing, collecting, verifying, and harmonizing urban park spatial data in all Brazilian capitals included in the Urban Health in Latin America (SALURBAL) project.

Genome-wide association study of Helicobacter pylori serological status in Latin American children.

Background: Few genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on Helicobacter pylori infection susceptibility have been conducted for admixed populations from developing countries. Here, we performed a GWAS to identify genetic factors associated with H. pylori serostatus in a cohort of admixed children from a large Latin American urban center.

Vaccine coverage and effectiveness against laboratory-confirmed symptomatic and severe Covid-19 in indigenous people in Brazil: a cohort study.

Background: Indigenous people have historically suffered devastating impacts from epidemics and continue to have lower access to healthcare and be especially vulnerable to respiratory infections. We estimated the coverage and effectiveness of Covid-19 vaccines against laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 cases among indigenous people in Brazil.

Methods: We linked nationwide Covid-19 vaccination data with flu-like surveillance records and studied a cohort of vaccinated indigenous people aged ≥ 5 years between 18th January 2021 and 1st March 2022.

Social Inequalities in Mental Health and Self-Perceived Health in the First Wave of COVID-19 Lockdown in Latin America and Spain: Results of an Online Observational Study.

COVID-19 lockdowns greatly affected the mental health of populations and collectives. This study compares the mental health and self-perceived health in five countries of Latin America and Spain, during the first wave of COVID 19 lockdown, according to social axes of inequality. This was a cross-sectional study using an online, self-managed survey in Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Spain.

Feedback-loop between psychotic symptoms and brain volume: A cross-lagged panel model study.

Brain structural changes are known to be associated with psychotic symptoms, with worse symptoms consistently associated with brain volume loss in some areas. It is not clear whether volume and symptoms interfere with each other over the course of psychosis. In this paper, we analyse the temporal relationships between psychosis symptom severity and total gray matter volume.

Complex network analysis of arboviruses in the same geographic domain: Differences and similarities.

Arbovirus can cause diseases with a broad spectrum from mild to severe and long-lasting symptoms, affecting humans worldwide and therefore considered a public health problem with global and diverse socio-economic impacts. Understanding how they spread within and across different regions is necessary to devise strategies to control and prevent new outbreaks. Complex network approaches have widespread use to get important insights on several phenomena, as the spread of these viruses within a given region.