RENEWED: A follow-up study of the opicinumab phase 2 RENEW study in participants with acute optic neuritis.

Background: The randomized, phase 2 RENEW trial (NCT01721161) evaluated efficacy/safety of opicinumab (anti-LINGO-1) versus placebo in patients with first-episode unilateral acute optic neuritis (AON). Although no significant differences in the latency recovery of visual evoked potential (VEP) were observed between opicinumab and placebo groups in the intention to treat (ITT) population, the prespecified per-protocol (PP) population showed better recovery with opicinumab than with placebo. RENEWED (NCT02657915) was a one-visit, follow-up study 2 years after the last RENEW study visit (Week 32) designed to assess the long-term electrophysiological and clinical outcomes for participants previously enrolled and having received study treatment in RENEW.

Disease-modifying treatment and disability progression in subclasses of patients with primary progressive MS: results from the Big MS Data Network.

Background: Effectiveness of disease-modifying treatment (DMT) in people affected by primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) is limited. Whether specific subgroups may benefit more from DMT in a real-world setting remains unclear. Our aim was to investigate the potential effect of DMT on disability worsening among patients with PPMS stratified by different disability trajectories.

Validation of the Idiopathic Hypersomnia Severity Scale in the Czech Republic.

We have verified the eligibility of the Idiopathic Hypersomnia Severity Scale (IHSS) as a basic clinical tool for determining the subjective severity of illness in patients with idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) in the Czech Republic. Total of 37 patients with a diagnosis of IH (9 men, 28 women, mean age 40.2 ± 12.

Brain morphometry in hepatic Wilson disease patients.

Wilson disease (WD) primarily presents with hepatic and neurological symptoms. While hepatic symptoms typically precede the neurological manifestations, copper accumulates in the brain already in this patient group and leads to subclinical brain MRI abnormalities including T2 hyperintensities and atrophy. This study aimed to assess brain morphological changes in mild hepatic WD.

MS brain health quality standards: a survey on the reality in clinical practice in Germany.

Background: The quality of treatment is especially critical in the context of complex and chronic diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). The Brain Health Initiative, an independent international consortium of neurologists, reached a consensus on time-based quality standards prioritizing brain health-focused care for people with MS.

Objectives: To gain deeper insights into the transferability of these quality standards to a specific area, we conducted a survey among MS experts across various MS centers in Germany.

Utility of icobrain for brain volumetry in multiple sclerosis clinical practice.

Background: Few studies on multiple sclerosis (MS) have explored the variability of percentage brain volume change (PBVC) measurements obtained from different clinical MRIs. In a retrospective multicentre cohort study, we quantified the variability of annualised PBVC in clinical MRIs.

Methods: Clinical MRIs of relapse-onset MS patients were assessed by icobrain.

Disentangling Neurodegeneration From Aging in Multiple Sclerosis Using Deep Learning: The Brain-Predicted Disease Duration Gap.

Background And Objectives: Disentangling brain aging from disease-related neurodegeneration in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) is increasingly topical. The brain-age paradigm offers a window into this problem but may miss disease-specific effects. In this study, we investigated whether a disease-specific model might complement the brain-age gap (BAG) by capturing aspects unique to MS.

Lipid and brain volumetric measures in multiple sclerosis patients: findings from a large observational study.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate relationships between cholesterol profile, brain volumetric MRI, and clinical measures in a large observational cohort of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.

Materials And Methods: We included 1.505 patients with 4.

Best supportive care for patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) in Germany prior to ocrelizumab treatment: Final results from the RETRO PPMS study.

Background: Best supportive care (BSC) measures are an essential component for the management of primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS).

Objectives: RETRO PPMS (ML39631) is the first study to systematically analyze the therapeutic journey and standard of BSC of patients with PPMS in Germany.

Design: This multicenter, non-interventional study retrospectively analyzed patient charts.

Multiple sclerosis: emerging epidemiological trends and redefining the clinical course.

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system and a major cause of neurological disability in young adults. Its prevalence and incidence are increasing, and it has been estimated at over 2.8 million cases worldwide, in addition to recent trends towards a shift in MS prevalence to older ages, with peak prevalence estimates in the sixth decade of life.

Harmonized Data Quality Indicators Maintain Data Quality in Long-Term Safety Studies Using Multiple Sclerosis Registries/Data Sources: Experience from the CLARION Study.

Purpose: Understanding the long-term safety of disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) in routine clinical practice can be undertaken through registry-based studies. However, variability of data quality across such sources poses the challenge of data fit for regulatory decision-making. CLARION, a non-interventional cohort safety study of cladribine tablets, combines aggregated data from MS registries/data sources, except in Germany (which utilizes primary data collection).

COVID-19 and multiple sclerosis: challenges and lessons for patient care.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and their healthcare providers have faced unique challenges related to the interaction between SARS-CoV-2, underlying neurological disease and the use of disease-modifying treatments (DMTs). Key concerns arose, primarily related to the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 infection could trigger the initial demyelinating event or exacerbate disease activity. Another major concern was the safety and efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccines, especially for patients undergoing specific treatments that could weaken their antibody responses.

Long-term effects of siponimod on cardiovascular and autonomic nervous system in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.

Background: Siponimod, a second-generation, selective sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) 1 and 5 modulator, represents an important therapeutic choice for active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). Besides the beneficial immunomodulatory effects, siponimod impacts cardiovascular function through S1PR1 modulation. Short-term vagomimetic effects on cardiac activity have proved to be mitigated by dose titration.

Detecting fatigue in multiple sclerosis through automatic speech analysis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory disease characterized by central nervous system demyelination and axonal degeneration. Fatigue affects a major portion of MS patients, significantly impairing their daily activities and quality of life. Despite its prevalence, the mechanisms underlying fatigue in MS are poorly understood, and measuring fatigue remains a challenging task.

Neurological complications in oncology and their monitoring and management in clinical practice: a narrative review.

Importance: New anti-tumor treatments, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR T-cell therapy, are associated with an increasing number of neurological issues linked to tumors not arising from nervous system such as neurological and neuropsychological side effects that can significantly impair quality of life in the short or long term. The science of pathomechanisms, therapeutic approaches, and preventive measures is still in its early stages, and the progress is hampered by the lack of studied connection between neurological and oncological disciplines.

Objectives: This work aimed to provide an overview of the questions raised in the field of clinical neuroscience that concern the outcomes of oncological diseases and their treatment.

Integrating large language models in care, research, and education in multiple sclerosis management.

Use of techniques derived from generative artificial intelligence (AI), specifically large language models (LLMs), offer a transformative potential on the management of multiple sclerosis (MS). Recent LLMs have exhibited remarkable skills in producing and understanding human-like texts. The integration of AI in imaging applications and the deployment of foundation models for the classification and prognosis of disease course, including disability progression and even therapy response, have received considerable attention.

Lipid measures are associated with cognitive functioning in multiple sclerosis patients.

Background: An association between lipid measures and cognitive decline in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) has been suggested.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate relationships between lipid profile and cognitive performance in a large observational cohort of MS patients.

Materials And Methods: We included 211 patients with 316 available pairs of lipid and cognitive measures performed over follow-up.

A 2-stage model of heterogenous treatment effects for brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis utilizing the MS PATHS research network.

Background: Two-stage models of heterogenous treatment effects (HTE) may advance personalized medicine in multiple sclerosis (MS). Brain atrophy is a relatively objective outcome measure that has strong relationships to MS prognosis and treatment effects and is enabled by standardized MRI.

Objectives: To predict brain atrophy outcomes for patients initiating disease-modifying therapies (DMT) with different efficacies, considering the patients' baseline brain atrophy risk measured via brain parenchymal fraction (BPF).

Serum neurofilament light chain as a sensitive biomarker for neuromonitoring during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has grown rapidly, driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite its widespread adoption, neurological complications pose a significant risk, impacting both mortality and survivors' quality of life. Detecting these complications is challenging due to sedation and the heterogeneous nature of ECMO-associated neurological injury.