Practice variation in surgical procedures and IUD-insertions among general practitioners in Norway - a longitudinal study.

Background: Studies of Primary Health Care (PHC) reveal considerable practice variations in terms of the range of services provided. In Norway, general practitioners (GPs) are traditionally expected to perform IUD-insertions and several surgical procedures as a part of comprehensive PHC. We aimed to investigate variation in the provision of surgical procedures and IUD-insertions across GPs and over time and explore determinants of such variation.

The use of surgery for cervical degenerative disease in Norway in the period 2008-2014 : A population-based study of 6511 procedures.

Background: The incidence rate of surgical treatment of cervical degenerative diseases (CDD) has increased in the USA and a large geographic variation has been shown. Little is known about such rates in Scandinavia and Europe. The aim of this population-based study was to (1) investigate annual incidence rates of operations performed in Norway, (2) to compare trends and variations in rates for surgical indications with and without myelopathy, and (3) to compare variations in the use of surgery between residential areas.

Gender differences in the use of psychiatric outpatient specialist services in Tromsø, Norway are dependent on age: a population-based cross-sectional survey.

Background: Overall, men are less likely than women to seek health care services for mental health problems, but differences between genders in higher age groups are equivocal. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between gender and the use of psychiatric outpatient specialist services in Norway, both in a general population and in a subpopulation with self-reported anxiety and/or depression.

Methods: Using questionnaires from 12,982 participants (30-87 years) in the cross-sectional sixth Tromsø Study (2007-8) we estimated proportions reporting anxiety/depression, and proportions using psychiatric outpatient specialist services in a year.

Associations between primary healthcare and unplanned medical admissions in Norway: a multilevel analysis of the entire elderly population.

Objective: To examine if individual risk of unplanned medical admissions (UMAs) was associated with municipality general practitioner (GP) or long-term care (LTC) volume among the entire Norwegian elderly population.

Design: Cross-sectional population-based study.

Setting: 428 of 430 Norwegian municipalities in 2009.

Is a high level of general practitioner consultations associated with low outpatients specialist clinic use? A cross-sectional study.

Objective: To examine if increased general practice activity is associated with lower outpatient specialist clinic use.

Design: Cross-sectional population based study.

Setting: All 430 Norwegian municipalities in 2009.