Optimized Artificial Intelligence for Enhanced Ectasia Detection Using Scheimpflug-Based Corneal Tomography and Biomechanical Data.

Purpose: To optimize artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to integrate Scheimpflug-based corneal tomography and biomechanics to enhance ectasia detection.

Design: Multicenter cross-sectional case-control retrospective study.

Methods: A total of 3886 unoperated eyes from 3412 patients had Pentacam and Corvis ST (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH) examinations.

Changes of Subjective Symptoms and Tear Film Biomarkers following Femto-LASIK.

Femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (Femto-LASIK) represents a common treatment modality in refractive surgery and shows excellent results in terms of safety, efficacy, predictability, and long-term stability. However, patients may be affected by dry eye symptoms. The aim of this study was to identify a potential association between subjective dry eye symptoms, objective dry eye markers, and possible changes in the tear film, which could be a target for future therapy development.

Altered Regulation of mRNA and miRNA Expression in Epithelial and Stromal Tissue of Keratoconus Corneas.

Purpose: Evaluation of mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) expression in epithelium and stroma of patients with keratoconus.

Methods: The epithelium and stroma of eight corneas of eight patients with keratoconus and eight corneas of eight non-keratoconus healthy controls were studied separately. RNA was extracted, and mRNA and miRNA analyses were performed using microarrays.

Psychosocial assessment among ophthalmic patients attending tertiary eye care centre during the lockdown in times of COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic continues to play havoc in our lives. During the first " lockdown" in 2020, we were keen on assessing the anxiety levels of patients who sought ophthalmic care despite the lockdown. Public health actions, such as social distancing, were necessary to reduce the spread of COVID-19.

Menthol in Combination with Iontophoresis Promotes Natamycin Penetration through the Cornea: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.

We studied whether menthol can promote penetration of natamycin, a representative antifungal macrolide agent, through the cornea. Natamycin penetration was examined using an in vitro iontophoresis system that simulates clinical scenario; menthol (0.1-0.

Initial clinical outcomes of two different phakic posterior chamber IOLs for the correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to document clinical outcomes of 2 posterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses with a central hole, the implantable contact lens (IPCL V2.0) and the Visian implantable collamer lens V4c (ICL), in myopic and myopic-astigmatic patients.

Methods: Retrospective study comprising 111 IPCL (60 toric) and 106 ICL implantations (59 toric) with a follow-up of 3 months to 2 years.

Genetic Screening Revealed Latent Keratoconus in Asymptomatic Individuals.

Purpose: To adopt molecular screening in asymptomatic individuals at high risk of developing keratoconus as a combinative approach to prevent subclinical patients from post-refractive surgery progressive corneal ectasia.

Methods: In this study, 79 Chinese and nine Greek families with keratoconus were recruited, including 91 patients with clinically diagnosed keratoconus as well as their asymptomatic but assumptive high-risk first-degree relatives based on underlying genetic factor. Mutational screening of , , and genes and full clinical assessment including Pentacam Scheimpflug tomography were carried out in these individuals.

Detection of postlaser vision correction ectasia with a new combined biomechanical index.

Purpose: To validate and evaluate the use of a new biomechanical index known as the Corvis biomechanical index-laser vision correction (CBI-LVC) as a method for separating stable post-LVC eyes from post-LVC eyes with ectasia.

Setting: 10 clinics from 9 countries.

Design: Retrospective, multicenter, clinical study.

Epi-Bowman keratectomy versus alcohol-assisted photorefractive keratectomy: wound healing and complications.

Purpose: In Epi-Bowman Keratectomy™ (EBK), a new dynamic multi-blade single-use device (Epi-Clear™, Orca Surgical, Israel) is utilized to remove the epithelium by sweeping movements across the corneal surface. Epithelial cells are discarded. Alcohol or other chemical agents are not utilized.

Repeatability and reproducibility of manifest refraction.

Purpose: To evaluate the intraexaminer repeatability and the interobserver reproducibility of manifest refraction.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Design: Retrospective study.

Results of thin-cap small-incision lenticule extraction.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of a thin cap in small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for the correction of myopia or myopic astigmatism.

Setting: Tertiary care private practice.

Methods: A chart review of 102 eyes of 51 patients was performed.

Clinical outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction versus advanced surface ablation in low myopia.

Purpose: To compare the visual and refractive outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction and advanced surface ablation for low myopia or myopic astigmatism.

Methods: Retrospective, observational case series of our first 50 consecutive small incision lenticule extraction patients compared to refraction-matched 50 advanced surface ablation treatments with attempted spherical equivalent correction ⩽-3.5 D, astigmatism ⩽-1.

Small incision lenticule extraction for the correction of high myopia.

Purpose: Excimer laser-based refractive procedures can have less predictable results when used for correcting high myopia than when used for moderate myopia. Small incision lenticule extraction might overcome this weakness. However, small incision lenticule extraction is only Food and Drug Administration approved for use in myopic eyes up to -8 D with astigmatism of -3 D or less.

Small-incision lenticule extraction for the correction of myopic astigmatism.

Purpose: To report the outcomes of small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in myopic eyes with astigmatism of 1.0 to 3.0 diopters (D).

Atypical endophthalmitis after intraocular collamer lens implantation.

Unilateral endophthalmitis occurred after bilateral immediately sequential intraocular collamer lens (Visian Implantable Collamer Lens) implantation for the correction of myopic astigmatism in a 49-year-old woman. The surgeries and initial recovery were unremarkable. However, after 3 days, the patient noticed increasing blurring of vision in the left eye and presented to our clinic.

Influence of a Therapeutic Soft Contact Lens on Epithelial Healing, Visual Recovery, Haze, and Pain After Photorefractive Keratectomy.

Objectives: To examine the influence of a therapeutic soft contact lens (TSCL) after alcohol-assisted photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) on visual recovery, epithelial closure, pain perception, and haze formation.

Methods: Prospective, randomized, single-center, contralateral eye, patient-masked study. Same surgeon treated 15 patients with bilateral PRK using a Vidaurri Fluid Retention Ring (Katena) with 8.

Evaluation of epithelial integrity with various transepithelial corneal cross-linking protocols for treatment of keratoconus.

Purpose. Corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) has been demonstrated to stiffen cornea and halt progression of ectasia. The original protocol requires debridement of central corneal epithelium to facilitate diffusion of a riboflavin solution to stroma.

Inflammatory response in the anterior chamber after implantation of an angle-supported lens in phakic myopic eyes.

Purpose. To evaluate the inflammatory reaction after implantation of an angle-supported foldable acrylic anterior chamber IOL for myopia correction over time. Methods.

Aspheric wavefront-guided versus wavefront-guided LASIK for myopic astigmatism with the Technolas 217z100 excimer laser.

Purpose: To compare clinical outcomes of wavefront-guided LASIK with and without aspheric compensation in myopic eyes.

Methods: In this observational, single-center study, 134 eyes were treated using an aspheric module in combination with wavefront-guided profiles (PTA-algorithm) and compared to 146 eyes treated with the predecessor wavefront-guided software (APT) that has no aspheric compensation. All treatment plans included the Rochester nomogram that accounts for the preoperative manifest refraction and interaction of higher order aberrations.

Hypermotility of an iris-fixated anterior chamber phakic intraocular lens due to nontraumatic iris laxity.

Purpose: Permanent immovability of phakic intraocular lenses (pIOLs) for the correction of high myopia is crucial in avoiding injury to the corneal endothelium and maintaining visual acuity. Unstable position of iris-fixated pIOLs due to traumatic or nontraumatic disenclavation of the haptic has been described previously.

Methods And Results: We report a different mechanism of repeated excessive implant motility in both eyes of a young woman who developed late nontraumatic elongation of the iris fibers to which an iris-claw pIOL was fixated.

Photorefractive keratectomy in posterior polymorphous dystrophy with vesicular and band subtypes.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in patients with posterior polymorphous dystrophy (PPMD) with vesicular and band subtypes.

Setting: Walter Reed Center for Refractive Surgery, Washington, DC, USA.

Design: Case series.

Surface ablation techniques.

The ongoing quest for a safe, simple, effective, minimally invasive, and stable refractive surgical procedure to correct refractive errors has stimulated the development of surface ablation techniques and laser in situ keratomileusis. In this review, we describe the history, patient assessment, techniques, outcomes, and complications of surface ablation (photorefractive keratectomy, laser-assisted sub-epithelial keratectomy, epithelial laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis) and compare the results of various surface techniques. Surface ablation procedures will continue to evolve, with potential improvements in outcomes accompanying future sophisticated ablation profiles and laser technology.

Oral gabapentin for photorefractive keratectomy pain.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of oral gabapentin versus placebo for the control of severe pain after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).

Setting: Center for Refractive Surgery, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.

Design: Randomized masked clinical trial.