Deep learning empowered sensor fusion boosts infant movement classification.

Background: To assess the integrity of the developing nervous system, the Prechtl general movement assessment (GMA) is recognized for its clinical value in diagnosing neurological impairments in early infancy. GMA has been increasingly augmented through machine learning approaches intending to scale-up its application, circumvent costs in the training of human assessors and further standardize classification of spontaneous motor patterns. Available deep learning tools, all of which are based on single sensor modalities, are however still considerably inferior to that of well-trained human assessors.

Decoding the elite soccer player's psychological profile.

Soccer is arguably the most widely followed sport worldwide, and many dream of becoming soccer players. However, only a few manage to achieve this dream, which has cast a significant spotlight on elite soccer players who possess exceptional skills to rise above the rest. Originally, such attention was focused on their great physical abilities.

Global screening of health behaviors: Introducing Lev-screening (Lev-s)-development and psychometric evaluation.

Poor health behaviors have been identified as a critical factor for the burden on healthcare systems and individual suffering. However, comprehensive assessment of health behaviors is time-consuming and often neglected. To address this, we introduce the Lev-screening (Lev-s), a new, brief tool that covers multiple health behaviors.

Dental professional recognition of dental anxiety from a patient perspective: a grounded theory study.

Objective: To explore patients' experiences of dental staff recognising their dental anxiety.

Material And Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 adults who identified themselves as dentally anxious. The sampling of study participants was purposive, and the audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim.

All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorder.

Background: Tourette syndrome (TS) and chronic tic disorder (CTD) may be associated with an increased risk of mortality, but specific causes of death are poorly understood.

Objectives: In this matched cohort and sibling cohort study, we estimated the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in individuals with TS/CTD, compared with unaffected matched individuals and unaffected full siblings.

Methods: We identified all individuals diagnosed with TS/CTD in the Swedish National Patient Register who were living in the country between 1973 and 2020 and matched them (1:10) to individuals without TS/CTD from the general population.

Labor market marginalization in individuals with bipolar disorder: a Swedish nationwide register-based sibling comparison study.

Background: There is a lack of large-scale studies exploring labor market marginalization (LMM) among individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BD). We aimed to investigate the association of BD with subsequent LMM in Sweden, and the effect of sex on LMM in BD.

Methods: Individuals aged 19-60 years living in Sweden with a first-time BD diagnosis between 2007 and 2016 ( = 25 231) were followed from the date of diagnosis for a maximum of 14 years.

Body dysmorphic disorder.

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is an obsessive-compulsive disorder-related psychiatric condition characterized by an intense preoccupation with perceived physical flaws that are not observable by others. BDD affects ~2% of the adult population but is underdiagnosed, partly owing to limited clinician awareness, and undertreated, partly due to limited access to treatment. Research on the aetiology of BDD is scarce but likely involves an interplay between genetic and environmental factors.

Repurposing Semaglutide and Liraglutide for Alcohol Use Disorder.

Importance: Preliminary studies suggest that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1) agonists, used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity, may decrease alcohol consumption.

Objective: To test whether the risk of hospitalization due to alcohol use disorder (AUD) is decreased during the use of GLP-1 agonists compared with periods of nonuse for the same individual.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study was an observational study conducted nationwide in Sweden using data from January 2006 to December 2023.

Atlas of Gray Matter Volume Differences Across Psychiatric Conditions: A Systematic Review With a Novel Meta-Analysis That Considers Co-Occurring Disorders.

Background: Regional gray matter volume (GMV) differences between individuals with mental disorders and comparison participants may be confounded by co-occurring disorders. To disentangle disorder-specific GMV correlates, we conducted a large-scale multidisorder meta-analysis using a novel approach that explicitly models co-occurring disorders.

Methods: We systematically reviewed voxel-based morphometry studies indexed in PubMed and Scopus up to January 2023 that compared adults with major mental disorders (anorexia nervosa, schizophrenia spectrum, anxiety, bipolar, major depressive, obsessive-compulsive, and posttraumatic stress disorders plus attention-deficit/hyperactivity, autism spectrum, and borderline personality disorders) with comparison participants.

Characteristics of high-dose benzodiazepine use: nationwide cohort study on new benzodiazepine users with 5-year follow-up.

Background: A nationwide register-based cohort study from Finland including 48 124 incident benzodiazepines and related drug (BZDR) users aged 18-65 years who initiated use in 2006 and were not dispensed BZDRs during 2004-2005. The follow-up was 5 years or until death, whichever occurred first.

Aims: To investigate sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with high-dose use of BZDRs (i.

Problematic diagnosis of substance-induced disorders in ICD-11.

The ICD-11 was introduced in January 2022. In chapter 6, "Mental, behavioral and neurodevelopmental disorders" we find the section "Disorders due to substance use and addictive behaviors" (section 6C4). Changes from the ICD-10 in this section include broadening the categories of harmful use and dependence, including more types of substances, and the addition of more behavioral addictions (gaming disorder).

Cause-specific mortality in treatment-resistant major depression: Population-based cohort study.

Background: Limited evidence-base on long-term prognosis of treatment-resistant major depression (TRD) is a barrier to clinical decision-making. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to establish cause-specific mortality in TRD compared to non-TRD major depression.

Method: We identified all individuals with a diagnosis of major depression (MDD) who were treated with an antidepressant aged 15 to 65 years during 2004-2016 in Finland.

High Burden of Ileus and Pneumonia in Clozapine-Treated Individuals With Schizophrenia: A Finnish 25-Year Follow-Up Register Study.

Objective: The authors used longitudinal biobank data with up to 25 years of follow-up on over 2,600 clozapine users to derive reliable estimates of the real-world burden of clozapine adverse drug events (ADEs).

Methods: A total of 2,659 participants in the FinnGen biobank project had a schizophrenia diagnosis and clozapine purchases with longitudinal electronic health record follow-up for up to 25 years after clozapine initiation. Diseases and health-related events enriched during clozapine use were identified, adjusting for disease severity.

Discussing the concept of substance-induced psychosis (SIP).

Substance-induced psychosis (SIP) is characterized by both substance use and a psychotic state, and it is assumed that the first causes the latter. In ICD-10 the diagnosis is categorized as and grouped together with substance use disorders, and to a large extent also treated as such in the health care system. Though criticism of the diagnostic construct of SIP dates back several decades, numerous large and high-quality studies have been published during the past 5-10 years that substantiate and amplify this critique.

Biomarkers for Psychosis: Are We There Yet? Umbrella Review of 1478 Biomarkers.

Background And Hypothesis: This umbrella review aims to comprehensively synthesize the evidence of association between peripheral, electrophysiological, neuroimaging, neuropathological, and other biomarkers and diagnosis of psychotic disorders.

Study Design: We selected systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies on diagnostic biomarkers for psychotic disorders, published until February 1, 2018. Data extraction was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Structured diabetes care routines in cardiac rehabilitation are associated with increased diabetes detection and improved treatment after myocardial infarction: a nationwide observational study.

Background: Despite the detrimental impact of abnormal glucose metabolism on cardiovascular prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI), diabetes is both underdiagnosed and undertreated. We investigated associations between structured diabetes care routines in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and detection and treatment of diabetes at one-year post-MI.

Methods: Center-level data was derived from the Perfect-CR survey, which evaluated work routines applied at Swedish CR centers (n = 76).

Risk factors, prevention and treatment of weight gain associated with the use of antidepressants and antipsychotics: a state-of-the-art clinical review.

Introduction: People with severe mental illness have poor cardiometabolic health. Commonly used antidepressants and antipsychotics frequently lead to weight gain, which may further contribute to adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Areas Covered: We searched MEDLINE up to April 2023 for umbrella reviews, (network-)meta-analyses, trials and cohort studies on risk factors, prevention and treatment strategies of weight gain associated with antidepressants/antipsychotics.

Imaging the 5-HT receptor with PET: Evaluation of 5-HT and 5-HT affinity of pimavanserin in the primate brain.

Two complimentary techniques were used to estimate occupancy of pimavanserin (a selective 5-HT inverse agonist) to 5-HT and 5-HT receptors in non-human primate brains. One employed the 5-HT selective radioligand [C]CIMBI-36 combined with quantification of binding potentials in brain regions known to be enriched in 5-HT (cortex) or 5-HT (choroid plexus) receptors to estimate occupancy. Pimavanserin was 6-10 fold more potent displacing [C]CIMBI-36 from cortex (ED = 0.