Incidence and predictors of weaning failure from veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy in patients with cardiogenic shock.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate incidence and predictors of weaning failure and in-hospital death after successful weaning from veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS).

Methods And Results: Overall, 685 patients with CS treated with VA-ECMO from 23 tertiary care centres in 7 countries were analysed (median age 57 [interquartile range 49-66] years, 542 [79.1%] male, median lactate 7.

Inequity in Washington state covid-19-related crowdfunding.

The first seven months of the US COVID-19 pandemic saw a massive increase in COVID-19-related crowdfunding campaigns. Despite their popularity, these campaigns were rarely successful in reaching their monetary goals, with nearly 40% of them not receiving a single donation. Previous research has indicated that crowdfunding has increased inequities and disparities in wealth, and this study set out to examine the situation in Washington State, an area greatly divided socio-economically, culturally, and geographically.

Promotion of Cardiovascular Health in Africa: The Alliance for Medical Research in Africa (AMedRA) Expert Panel.

This proposed scientific statement is focused on providing new insights regarding challenges and opportunities for cardiovascular health (CVH) promotion in Africa. The statement includes an overview of the current state of CVH in Africa, with a particular interest in the cardiometabolic risk factors and their evaluation through metrics. The statement also explains the main principles of primordial prevention, its relevance in reducing noncommunicable disease and the different strategies that have been effective worldwide.

Early childhood vaccination coverage and patterns by rural-urban commuting area.

Introduction: National surveillance efforts have reported rural-urban disparities in childhood vaccination coverage by metropolitan statistical area designations, measured at the county level. This study's objective was to quantify vaccination trends using more discrete measures of coverage and rurality than prior work.

Methods: Serial, cross-sectional analyses of National Immunization Survey-Child restricted-use data collected in 2015-2021 for US children born 2014-2018 were conducted.

Occurrence, mortality, and economic burden of brain disorders in Denmark, 2015-2021: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Brain disorders (neurological and mental disorders) are common and burdensome diseases. We examined occurrence, mortality, and economic burden of brain disorders in Denmark from 2015 to 2021.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide population-based cohort study using individual-level registry data.

Maternal diabetes during pregnancy and offspring's risk of autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Whether in utero exposure to pregestational (type 2 [T2D] and type 1 diabetes [T1D]) and gestational diabetes (GDM) are contributing factors in the rise of neurodevelopmental alterations such as autism is yet unclear. Therefore, we summarized the evidence from studies that assessed such association.

Methods: A systematic review with meta-analyses was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines; eligible studies were identified in PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO up to April 3rd, 2023.

Advancing Principled Pharmacoepidemiologic Research to Support Regulatory and Healthcare Decision Making: The Era of Real-World Evidence.

A compilation of factors over the past decade-including the availability of increasingly large and rich healthcare datasets, advanced technologies to extract unstructured information from health records and digital sources, advancement of principled study design and analytic methods to emulate clinical trials, and frameworks to support transparent study conduct-has ushered in a new era of real-world evidence (RWE). This review article describes the evolution of the RWE era, including pharmacoepidemiologic methods designed to support causal inferences regarding treatment effects, the role of regulators and other health authorities in establishing distributed real-world data networks enabling analytics at scale, and the many global guidance documents on principled methods of producing RWE. This article also highlights the growing opportunity for RWE to support decision making by regulators, health technology assessment groups, clinicians, patients, and other stakeholders and provides examples of influential RWE studies.

Evaluation of the Soda Tax on Obesity and Diabetes in California: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.

Unlabelled: Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) contributes to weight gain, obesity, and diabetes. Soda tax has been proposed to reduce consumption of SSBs. What remains unclear is whether the soda tax has an effect on health and health care costs.

Comparing Aggregate Fibroid Weight in Abdominal Versus Minimally Invasive Myomectomies in a Community Health System.

Study Objective: To compare the aggregate fibroid specimen weights between abdominal and minimally invasive (MI) myomectomies to determine whether fibroid burden significantly impacts surgical approach to myomectomy.

Design: Retrospective cohort study; INTERVENTIONS: Comparison of aggregate fibroid specimen weights between abdominal and MI myomectomies SETTING: Community health care system.

Patients: 281 patients undergoing abdominal and MI myomectomies between March 2018 and December 2023.

Pregnancy & cardiovascular disease: the PREG-CVD-HH registry.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in pregnant and peripartal women in western countries. Physiological changes during pregnancy can lead to cardiovascular complications in the mother; women with pre-existing heart disease may not tolerate these changes well, increasing their susceptibility to adverse cardiovascular outcomes during pregnancy. The aim of this study is to characterize pregnancy-induced changes in cardiac function, biomarker concentrations and cardiovascular outcomes in women with CVD during pregnancy at a tertiary care hospital in Germany.

Digital Exclusion and Depressive Symptoms among Older People: Findings from Five Aging Cohort Studies across 24 Countries.

Digital exclusion is a global issue that disproportionately affects older individuals especially in low- and middle-income nations. However, there is a wide gap in current research regarding the impact of digital exclusion on the mental health of older adults in both high-income and low- and middle-income countries. We analyzed data from 5 longitudinal cohorts: the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA), the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), and the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS).

Antipsychotic continuation during pregnancy and risk of postpartum relapse in women with schizophrenia: nationwide register-based study.

Background: Women with schizophrenia frequently discontinue antipsychotic medications during pregnancy. However, evidence on the risk of postpartum relapse associated with antipsychotic use during pregnancy is lacking.

Aims: To investigate the within-individual association between antipsychotic continuation during pregnancy and postpartum relapse in women with schizophrenia.

Invalid Vaccine Doses Among Children Aged 0 to 35 Months: 2011 to 2020.

Background And Objectives: Vaccine doses provided outside the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for minimum and maximum ages of vaccination and minimum intervals between doses are considered invalid. Our objective was to quantify the prevalence of and factors associated with invalid doses among US children aged 0 to 35 months.

Methods: We analyzed provider-verified vaccination records from the nationally representative 2011-2020 National Immunization Survey-Child.

C-Reactive Protein Levels and Outcomes in Infarct-Related Cardiogenic Shock: Data from the ECLS-SHOCK Trial.

Background: The impact of systemic inflammation in acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS) is still a matter of debate. The present ECLS-SHOCK sub-study investigates the association of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels with short-term outcomes in patients with AMI-CS.

Methods: Patients with AMI-CS enrolled in the multicenter, randomized ECLS-SHOCK trial between 2019 and 2022 were included.

Contraceptive use among women who desire no more children in Indonesia: a cross-sectional study of a national survey.

Introduction: The desire for no additional births may be used to estimate the demand for family planning. Couple education may influence contraceptive use. This study aimed to examine the relationship between education and contraceptive use among women who desire no more children in Indonesia.

Patients' Acceptability and Perspective on Utilizing Telemedicine in Breast Cancer Care and Management.

Telemedicine has emerged as a promising solution to address the challenges of providing continuous care to breast cancer patients, particularly in remote areas. This study aims to assess the acceptability of using telemedicine for breast cancer follow-up. A cross-sectional study utilizing a self-administered survey was conducted from January to March 2024 among 450 breast cancer patients at the Universiti Malaya Medical Center, Malaysia.

Refining breast cancer genetic risk and biology through multi-ancestry fine-mapping analyses of 192 risk regions.

Genome-wide association studies have identified approximately 200 genetic risk loci for breast cancer, but the causal variants and target genes are mostly unknown. We sought to fine-map all known breast cancer risk loci using genome-wide association study data from 172,737 female breast cancer cases and 242,009 controls of African, Asian and European ancestry. We identified 332 independent association signals for breast cancer risk, including 131 signals not reported previously, and for 50 of them, we narrowed the credible causal variants down to a single variant.

The Interaction of Racial-Ethnic and Economic Concentration and its Association with Premature Mortality in U.S. Neighborhoods.

Recent research shows a significant link between race-ethnicity and income concentration and premature death rates in the U.S. However, most studies focus on Black-White residential concentration, overlooking racial-ethnic diversity.

Geographic variation of recorded neurodevelopmental disorders in children and adults.

Introduction: While diagnosis rates of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) vary within countries at a large-scale municipal level, small neighbourhood geographic variation remains understudied. In this nationwide study, we describe the rates of ASD and ADHD diagnoses in children and adults by geographical data zones of approximately 2,500 residents across Denmark.

Methods: We included a population of children born from 1993 through 2020 and an adult population born from 1977 through 2003.

Cardiac Rehabilitation for Persons with Stroke: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.

Objective: To investigate the cost-effectiveness of a cardiac rehabilitation program in individuals with stroke compared with customary care.

Design: A Markov model was created using a 30-year time horizon, with cycle lengths of 1 year to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a cardiac rehabilitation program in persons with stroke. Input parameters were based on recently published literature.

Sleep patterns among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples and non-Indigenous Australians: A South Australian descriptive exploratory study.

Aim: Irregularities with sleep patterns and behaviours are commonly observed in Australia, but there is lack of information regarding sleep patterns among Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander adults. This study explores sleep patterns in Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander adults, comparing it with non-Indigenous Australian adults in addition to investigating any potential effects on daytime behaviour.

Methods: A total of 730 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples aged 18 years and above were included in the study.