An evaluation of the facilitator training to implement 'Taking charge of my life and health', a peer-led group program to promote self-care and patient empowerment in Veteran participants.

Objective: We developed a peer-led group program for Veterans called Taking Charge of My Life and Health (TCMLH) that emphasizes patient education, goal setting, shared decision making, and whole person care. Our aim was to conduct an evaluation of a facilitator training course to deliver TCMLH in VA sites.

Methods: Repeated measures ANOVA models were used to examine change over three timepoints (pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up) in outcomes of attitudes, knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy related to patient empowerment, skills acquisition, self-care strategies, and curriculum facilitation.

Developing Primary Care-Based Recommendations for Social Determinants of Health: Methods of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.

The purpose of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) is to provide evidence-based recommendations on primary care screening, behavioral counseling, and preventive medications.

Advancing human health in the decade ahead: pregnancy as a key window for discovery: A Burroughs Wellcome Fund Pregnancy Think Tank.

Recent revolutionary advances at the intersection of medicine, omics, data sciences, computing, epidemiology, and related technologies inspire us to ponder their impact on health. Their potential impact is particularly germane to the biology of pregnancy and perinatal medicine, where limited improvement in health outcomes for women and children has remained a global challenge. We assembled a group of experts to establish a Pregnancy Think Tank to discuss a broad spectrum of major gestational disorders and adverse pregnancy outcomes that affect maternal-infant lifelong health and should serve as targets for leveraging the many recent advances.

Interventions to reduce short-wavelength ("blue") light exposure at night and their effects on sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The sleep-wake and circadian cycles are influenced by light, particularly in the short-wavelength portion of the visible spectrum. Most personal light-emitting electronic devices are enriched in this so-called "blue" light. Exposure to these devices in the evening can disturb sleep.

Pharmacological treatment of psoriatic arthritis: a systematic literature research for the 2019 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of psoriatic arthritis.

Objective: To perform an update of a review of the efficacy and safety of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in psoriatic arthritis (PsA).

Methods: This is a systematic literature research of 2015-2018 publications on all DMARDs in patients with PsA, searching Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library. Efficacy was assessed in randomised controlled trials.

Gynecologic Oncology in the Department of Defense.

Gynecologic oncology existed within the Department of Defense (DOD) prior to its recognition as a separate subspecialty of obstetrics and gynecology. Military gynecologic oncologists were among the founders of the specialty and continue a tradition of leadership and engagement within the field at the national and international level. The full range of gynecologic oncology services is located at the military's largest medical centers, acknowledging the team approach with multiple subspecialties necessary to provide the highest standard of modern gynecologic cancer care.

Barriers and facilitators to implementation of epilepsy self-management programs: a systematic review using qualitative evidence synthesis methods.

Background: Epilepsy affects nearly 50 million people worldwide. Self-management is critical for individuals with epilepsy in order to maintain optimal physical, cognitive, and emotional health. Implementing and adopting a self-management program requires considering many factors at the person, program, and systems levels.

An evaluation of mHealth adoption and health self-management in emerging adulthood.

This study offers a description of factors that predict the adoption of mobile health technologies (mHealth) and their application for health self-management in emerging adults. Primary data collection occurred at three diverse postsecondary educational institutions (N= 1,329). The analysis used a logistic regression to identify predictors of mHealth adoption.

Integration of proteomics with CT-based qualitative and radiomic features in high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients: an exploratory analysis.

Objectives: To investigate the association between CT imaging traits and texture metrics with proteomic data in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC).

Methods: This retrospective, hypothesis-generating study included 20 patients with HGSOC prior to primary cytoreductive surgery. Two readers independently assessed the contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images and extracted 33 imaging traits, with a third reader adjudicating in the event of a disagreement.

Social Comparison Features in Physical Activity Promotion Apps: Scoping Meta-Review.

Background: Smartphone apps promoting physical activity (PA) are abundant, but few produce substantial and sustained behavior change. Although many PA apps purport to induce users to compare themselves with others (by invoking social comparison processes), improvements in PA and other health behaviors are inconsistent. Existing literature suggests that social comparison may motivate PA for some people under some circumstances.

Safety of synthetic and biological DMARDs: a systematic literature review informing the 2019 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis.

Objectives: To perform a systematic literature review (SLR) concerning the safety of synthetic (s) and biological (b) disease-modifying anti rheumatic dugs (DMARDs) to inform the 2019 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: An SLR of observational studies comparing safety outcomes of any DMARD with another intervention for the management of RA. A comparator group was required for inclusion.

Racial disparities in uterine and ovarian carcinosarcoma: A population-based analysis of treatment and survival.

Objective: To investigate racial disparities in uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) and ovarian carcinosarcoma (OCS) in Commission on Cancer®-accredited facilities.

Methods: Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and non-Hispanic White (NHW) women in the National Cancer Database diagnosed with stage I-IV UCS or OCS between 2004 and 2014 were eligible. Differences by disease site or race were compared using Chi-square test and multivariate Cox analysis.

Impact of adjuvant treatment and prognostic factors in stage I uterine leiomyosarcoma patients treated in Commission on Cancer®-accredited facilities.

Objectives: Determine the impact of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) and prognostic factors in surgically managed patients with stage I uterine leiomyosarcoma (ULMS).

Methods: Women who underwent hysterectomy and were diagnosed with stage I ULMS between 2010 and 2014 in the National Cancer Database were eligible for this observation study. Inverse probability of treatment weighting based on propensity score was used to balance clinical characteristics between ACT and no ACT patients.

Situated Precision Healthcare in the Smart Medical Home: Bringing NASA's Research Strategy down to Earth.

This special issue is ambitious in that it calls for strategic transformation in research on Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and related dementias, including innovation in both research design and value delivery, through lifestyle interventions that implicitly relate to a much broader range of comorbidities and diseases of aging. One response to this challenge is to venture beyond the boundaries of research that supports the healthcare industry. Toward this end, we introduce opportunities for research translation and knowledge transfer from NASA to the healthcare industry.

Effectiveness of interventions targeting self-regulation to improve adherence to chronic disease medications: a meta-review of meta-analyses.

Adherence to chronic disease medication regimens depends in part on successful self-regulation. However, the overall benefit of interventions targeting self-regulatory mechanisms is not well-understood. Accordingly, we conducted a meta-review of meta-analyses assessing the effect of interventions targeting self-regulation on medication adherence.

Genomic heterogeneity in peritoneal implants: A differential analysis of gene expression using nanostring Human Cancer Reference panel identifies a malignant signature.

Objectives: Peritoneal implants of ovarian borderline serous tumors are diagnostically challenging. Distinguishing invasive from non-invasive cases is crucial for patient management. This study aims to develop a molecular signature to distinguish invasive implants with malignant potential from those with benign.

Health behaviour change in cardiovascular disease prevention and management: meta-review of behaviour change techniques to affect self-regulation.

Self-regulation processes assume a major role in health behaviour theory and are postulated as important mechanisms of action in behavioural interventions to improve health prevention and management. The need to better understand mechanisms of behaviour change interventions for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) called for conducting a meta-review of meta-analyses for interventions targeting self-regulation processes. The protocol, preregistered on Open Science Framework (OSF), found 15 eligible meta-analyses, published between 2006 and August 2019, which quantitatively assessed the role of self-regulatory mechanisms and behaviour change techniques (BCTs).

Cancer Pain Social Processes and Pain Management in Home Hospice Care.

Background: The high incidence of pain associated with end-stage cancers indicates the need for a new approach to understanding how and why patients, caregivers, and clinicians make pain management choices.

Aims: To provide pilot data and preliminary categories for developing a middle-range nursing theory and framework through which to scrutinize and identify problematic processes involved in management of poorly controlled pain for home hospice patients, caregivers, and nurses, the "caring triad."

Design: A qualitative pilot study using constructivist grounded theory methodology to answer the question, "In the context of hospice, what are the social processes occurring for and between each member of the hospice caring triad and how can these processes be categorized?"

Settings: Home hospice care.

Characteristics and Delivery of Diabetes Shared Medical Appointments in North Carolina.

Successful diabetes care requires patient engagement and health self-management. Diabetes shared medical appointments (SMAs) are an evidence-based approach that enables peer support, diabetes group education, and medication management to improve outcomes. The purpose of this study is to learn how diabetes SMAs are being delivered in North Carolina, including the characteristics of diabetes SMAs across the state.

Patient preferences for attributes of primary surgical debulking versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy for treatment of newly diagnosed ovarian cancer.

Background: Randomized trials have reported conflicting findings on survival for advanced-stage ovarian cancer treated with primary debulking surgery (PDS) versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy with interval debulking; surgical complications and mortality are higher with PDS. We assessed women's preferences for tradeoffs related to this important clinical decision.

Methods: Ovarian cancer patients were recruited to complete a discrete-choice experiment (DCE) consisting of 8 choice tasks presenting experimentally designed treatment alternatives in terms of treatment order, extent of surgery including risk of ostomy, chance of death from surgical complications (1%-10%), readmission for surgical complications (5%-50%), progression-free survival (1-3 years), and overall survival (3-5 years).

TGF-β signaling proteins and CYP24A1 may serve as surrogate markers for progesterone calcitriol treatment in ovarian and endometrial cancers of different histological types.

Background: Strategies are needed to coordinately block drivers and induce suppressors of cancer to reduce incidence and improve outcomes for individuals with inherited or acquired risk. We previously reported the chemopreventive and therapeutic efficacy of the combination of progestin and calcitriol in transformed and malignant endometrioid endometrial cancer (EC) and in ovarian cancer models involving attenuated expression of TGF-β signaling proteins and progestin-mediated inhibition of calcitriol-induced CYP24A1 expression. This study aims to expand the applications for this combination to other subtypes of endometrial and ovarian cancers, including those with mutations in ARID1A or PIK3CA, DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency or BRCA1 null status.