Frontal cortex neurometabolites and mobility in older adults: a preliminary study.

Background: The frontal cortex, relevant to global cognition and motor function, is recruited to compensate for mobility dysfunction in older adults. However, the in vivo neurophysiological (e.g.

Adaptation to Telehealth of Personalized Group Visits for Late Stage Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Key Points: Improving late stage diabetic kidney disease care requires adapting evidence-based, self-management programs for telehealth delivery. We adapted and pilot-tested a telehealth approach and found it to be feasible. Preliminary data suggested it improved relevant health and patient-recorded outcomes.

Encapsulating commercial accelerometers with epoxy and fluoroelastomer for harsh hydrocarbon fluid environment.

Traditionally, in the oil and gas industry, accelerometers are mounted externally on motors for condition monitoring of vertically suspended, closed suction hydrocarbon pumps due to their inability to withstand harsh downhole environments, preventing the detection of impeller failures. This study addresses the need for encapsulation solutions for accelerometers submerged in hydrocarbon fluid environments. It evaluates the feasibility of epoxy and fluoroelastomer as encapsulation materials for long-term immersion in high-temperature hydrocarbon fluid and determines their impact on the accelerometer's performance.

The effect of myelopathic symptoms on hospital costs, length of stay, and discharge location in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion.

Objective: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a common clinical degenerative disease treated with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), which seriously impacts quality of life and causes severe disability. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of different characteristics of the neurological deficit found in myelopathic patients undergoing ACDFs on hospital cost, length of stay (LOS), and discharge location.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of ACDF cases performed at a single institution by multiple surgeons from 2011 to 2017.

Ethnic diversity in treatment response for colorectal cancer: proof of concept for radiomics-driven enrichment trials.

Background: Several barriers hamper recruitment of diverse patient populations in multicenter clinical trials which determine efficacy of new systemic cancer therapies.

Purpose: We assessed if quantitative analysis of computed tomography (CT) scans of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients using imaging features that predict overall survival (OS) can unravel the association between ethnicity and efficacy.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed CT images from 1584 mCRC patients in two phase III trials evaluating FOLFOX ± panitumumab (n = 331, 350) and FOLFIRI ± aflibercept (n = 437, 466) collected from August 2006 to March 2013.

Implementation outcomes and strategies for delivering evidence-based hypertension interventions in lower-middle-income countries: Evidence from a multi-country consortium for hypertension control.

Guidance on contextually tailored implementation strategies for the prevention, treatment, and control of hypertension is limited in lower-middle income countries (Lower-MIC). To address this limitation, we compiled implementation strategies and accompanying outcomes of evidence-based hypertension interventions currently being implemented in five Lower-MIC. The Global Research on Implementation and Translation Science (GRIT) Coordinating Center (CC) (GRIT-CC) engaged its global network sites at Ghana, Guatemala, India, Kenya, and Vietnam.

Activation Versus Change as a Principle Underlying Intervention Strategies to Promote Health Behaviors.

Background And Purpose: Interventions are effective in promoting health behavior change to the extent that (a) intervention strategies modify targets (i.e., mechanisms of action), and (b) modifying targets leads to changes in behavior.

Selective adipocyte loss of Angiopoietin-2 prompts female-specific obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Thermogenic fat differentiation and function can be promoted through multiple pathways, resulting in a common cell phenotype characterized by the expression of Uncoupling Protein-1 and the ability to dissipate energy, but local and systemic stimuli are necessary to promote adequate thermogenic fat vascularization, which is a precondition for the transport of substrate and the dissipation of heat. Angiopoietin-2 is an important driver of vascularization, and its transcription is in part promoted by estrogen signaling. In this study we demonstrate that adipose tissue-specific knock out of Angiopoietin-2 causes a female-specific reduced thermogenic fat differentiation and function, resulting in obesity and impaired glucose tolerance with end-organ features consistent with metabolic syndrome.

A qualitative examination of apathy and physical activity in Huntington's and Parkinson's disease.

In Huntington's disease (HD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), apathy is a frequently cited barrier to participation in physical activity. Current diagnostic criteria emphasize dissociable variants of apathy that differentially affect goal-directed behavior. How these dimensions present and affect physical activity in HD and PD is unknown.

Two polymorphic gene loci associated with treprostinil dose in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Objective: Prostacyclin infusion for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an effective therapy with varied dosing requirements and clinical response. The major aim of this study was to determine new biologically-based predictors of prostacyclin treatment response heterogeneity.

Methods: Ninety-eight patients with hemodynamically defined PAH at two academic medical centers volunteered for registry studies.

Systematic Review of Functional Outcomes in Cancer Rehabilitation.

Objective: To systematically review the evidence regarding rehabilitation interventions targeting optimal physical or cognitive function in adults with a history of cancer and describe the breadth of evidence as well as strengths and limitations across a range of functional domains.

Data Sources: PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Plus, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. The time scope was January 2008 to April 2019.

"What's in a name?" Identification of newborn infants at birth using their given names.

Objective: To determine the proportion of pregnant women who selected names for their babies to be born and were willing to disclose them for use in hospital systems, thereby potentially reducing infant identification errors.

Study Design: Survey of pregnant women admitted to postpartum or antepartum units at a large academic hospital. Descriptive analyses were conducted to determine the proportion who had chosen names prior to delivery.

Early Readout on Overall Survival of Patients With Melanoma Treated With Immunotherapy Using a Novel Imaging Analysis.

Importance: Existing criteria to estimate the benefit of a therapy in patients with cancer rely almost exclusively on tumor size, an approach that was not designed to estimate survival benefit and is challenged by the unique properties of immunotherapy. More accurate prediction of survival by treatment could enhance treatment decisions.

Objective: To validate, using radiomics and machine learning, the performance of a signature of quantitative computed tomography (CT) imaging features for estimating overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced melanoma treated with immunotherapy.

An imaging signature to predict outcome in metastatic colorectal cancer using routine computed tomography scans.

Background & Aims: Quantitative analysis of computed tomography (CT) scans of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) can identify imaging signatures that predict overall survival (OS).

Methods: We retrospectively analysed CT images from 1584 mCRC patients on two phase III trials evaluating FOLFOX ± panitumumab (n = 331, 350) and FOLFIRI ± aflibercept (n = 437, 466). In the training set (n = 720), an algorithm was trained to predict OS landmarked from month 2; the output was a signature value on a scale from 0 to 1 (most to least favourable predicted OS).

Secondary review reduced inpatient MRI orders and avoidable hospital days.

Introduction: Medical centers have dramatically increased the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). At 2 large academic tertiary care centers in New York City, nearly half of inpatient MRI orders took more than 12 h to complete, delaying patient discharge and increasing avoidable hospital days. We posited that transitioning inpatient MRIs to outpatient facilities, when safe and appropriate, could reduce inpatient MRI orders and avoidable hospital days.

Now is the time to assess the effects of open science practiceswith randomized control trials.

We issue a call for the design and conduct of experimental trials to test the effects of researchers' adoption of Open Science (OS) research practices. OS emerged to address lapses in the transparency, quality, integrity, and reproducibility of research by proposing that investigators institute practices, such as preregistering study hypotheses, procedures, and statistical analyses, before launching their research. These practices have been greeted with enthusiasm by some parts of the scientific community, but empirical evidence of their effects relies mainly on observational studies; furthermore, questions remain about the time and effort required by these practices and their ultimate benefit to science.

Work participation in patients with systematic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review.

Objectives: This systematic review assessed which variables are associated with or are predictors for work participation outcomes in patients with systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: A literature search using MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, Embase and CINAHL was conducted to identify all studies published from inception (1947) to June 2021 on factors related to and/or predicting employment status, absenteeism and/or presenteeism in SLE patients aged ≥18 years. The quality of included articles was assessed using the QUIPS tool.

Cancer Survivorship in Latin America: Current Status and Opportunities.

Purpose: The number of cancer survivors is increasing globally although the status of cancer survivorship care provision and research in developing countries is limited. This study aimed to review published literature and available guidelines and/or recommendations to inform cancer survivorship care in Latin America.

Methods: Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and SciELO were systematically searched for articles and guidelines and/or recommendations published through December 31, 2020.

Anhedonic Depression Is Not Associated With Risk of Recurrent Major Adverse Cardiac Events and All-Cause Mortality in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients.

Background: Depression after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is common and increases risks of adverse outcomes, but it remains unclear which depression features are most associated with major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and all-cause mortality (ACM).

Purpose: To examine whether a subtype of depression characterized by anhedonia and major depressive disorder (MDD) predicts 1-year MACE/ACM occurrence in ACS patients compared to no MDD history. We also consider other depression features in the literature as predictors.