Corrigendum: Emergence of Getah Virus Infection in Horse With Fever in China, 2018.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.

Effects of the PA-X and PB1-F2 Proteins on the Virulence of the 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza A Virus in Mice.

There have been several previous reports showing that PA-X and PB1-F2 proteins can regulate innate immune responses and may play roles in the adaptation of influenza viruses to new hosts. In this research, we investigated, for the first time, the combined effects of PA-X and PB1-F2 proteins on viral virulence in mice. Based on the 2009 pH1N1 A/Guangdong/1057/2010 virus backbone, four viruses encoding different combinations of full-length or truncated PA-X and PB1-F2 proteins were rescued by a reverse genetic engineering system.

Presence of a Novel Subtype of Bovine Hepacivirus in China and Expanded Classification of Bovine Hepacivirus Strains Worldwide into 7 Subtypes.

The newest member of the genus, bovine hepacivirus (BovHepV), was first identified in cattle in 2015 and is a novel hepacivirus C virus (HCV)-like virus. This virus has been detected in five countries so far and is classified into four subtypes. Bovine serum is commonly used for cell cultures and is considered the major source of viral contamination of pharmaceutical products.

Emergence of Getah Virus Infection in Horse With Fever in China, 2018.

Getah virus (GETV) is a mosquito-borne virus that was first determined in Malaysia in 1955, and can infect humans and multiple other mammals. GETV infection in horses has been reported in Japan and India, and causes great economic losses. In China, GETV has been identified in mosquitoes, pigs, foxes, and cattle with a wide geographical distribution, but has not been detected in horses.

Natural recombination of equine hepacivirus subtype 1 within the NS5A and NS5B genes.

Equine hepacivirus (EqHV) was first reported in 2012 and is the closest known homolog of hepatitis C virus (HCV). A number of studies have reported HCV recombination events. The aim of this study was to determine whether recombination events occur in EqHV strains.

Al F labeled sulfonamide-conjugated positron emission tomography tracer in vivo tumor-targeted imaging.

An ideal positron emission tomography (PET) tracer should be highly extractable by the tumor tissue or organ that contains low toxicity and can provide high-resolution images in vivo. In this work, the aim was to evaluate the application of Al F-labeled 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid containing sulfonamide group ( F-Al-NOTA-SN) as a potential tumor-targeting signal-enhanced radioactive tracer in PET. SN as a tumor-targeting group was incorporated to NOTA to make a ligand.

Comparative Analysis of Whole-Transcriptome RNA Expression in MDCK Cells Infected With the H3N2 and H5N1 Canine Influenza Viruses.

This study aimed to detect changes in the complete transcriptome of MDCK cells after infection with the H5N1 and H3N2 canine influenza viruses using high-throughput sequencing, search for differentially expressed RNAs in the transcriptome of MDCK cells infected with H5N1 and H3N2 using comparative analysis, and explain the differences in the pathogenicity of H5N1 and H3N2 at the transcriptome level. Based on the results of our comparative analysis, significantly different levels of expression were found for 2,464 mRNAs, 16 miRNAs, 181 lncRNAs, and 262 circRNAs in the H3N2 infection group and 448 mRNAs, 12 miRNAs, 77 lncRNAs, and 189 circRNAs in the H5N1 infection group. Potential functions were predicted by performing Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of the target genes of miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs, and the ncRNA-mRNA regulatory network was constructed based on differentially expressed RNAs.

Identification and genome characterization of a novel feline picornavirus proposed in the Hunnivirus genus.

The genus Hunnivirus, which has been identified in sheep, cattle, and rats, was first proposed in the family Picornaviridae by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses in 2013. In this study, a hunnivirus was detected in fecal samples collected from a diarrheic cat in Southern China in 2017. Genome sequencing and analysis indicated that the novel hunnivirus has the same genome organization as reported for other hunniviruses, 5'UTR-L-P1(VP4-VP2-VP3-VP1)-P2(2A-2B-2C)-P3(3A-3B-3C-3D)-3'UTR, but is genetically divergent.

Identification and genetic characterization of a novel parvovirus associated with serum hepatitis in horses in China.

A novel equine parvovirus, equine parvovirus-hepatitis (EqPV-H), was first discovered in a horse that died of equine serum hepatitis in the USA in 2018. EqPV-H was shown to be a novel etiological agent associated with equine serum hepatitis. Following this initial report, no additional studies on EqPV-H have been published.

The relationship between spindly leg syndrome incidence and water composition, overfeeding, and diet in newly metamorphosed harlequin frogs (Atelopus spp.).

Spindly Leg Syndrome (SLS) is a persistent animal welfare issue associated with the rearing of amphibians in captivity. We conducted two experiments to investigate the effects of diet, water composition and overfeeding on prevalence of SLS in newly metamorphosed harlequin frogs (Atelopus spp.).

Genomic sequencing and characterization of Theiler's disease-associated virus identified in commercial equine sera in China.

Theiler's disease-associated virus (TDAV) could be the aetiological agent of Theiler's disease. Horses experimentally inoculated with equine plasma containing TDAV develop acute and chronic infections with viraemia. Since its first identification in 2013, TDAV has not been detected in equines in the epidemiological studies that have been conducted.

Galactosylated PLGA nanoparticles for the oral delivery of resveratrol: enhanced bioavailability and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity.

Background: Resveratrol (RES) is a natural anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compound with poor water solubility and oral bioavailability. The present study takes the advantages of nanocarriers combined with a ligand (galactose) anchoring to orally deliver RES in an attempt to improve its bioavailability and pharmacological activity.

Methods: RES-loaded galactosylated nanoparticles (RES-GNPs) were prepared by solvent diffusion technique using poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), synthesized -oleoyl-d-galactosamine and Tween 80.

First report and genetic characterization of feline kobuvirus in diarrhoeic cats in China.

Feline kobuvirus (FeKoV) is a newly discovered organism, classified under the species Aichivirus A of the genus Kobuvirus. Since it was first reported in 2013, molecular evidence for FeKoV in the feline population has been restricted to two countries: Korea and Italy. In this study, we collected faecal samples from cats in southern China and detected the FeKoV RNA in these samples.

Integrated Lung and Tracheal mRNA-Seq and miRNA-Seq Analysis of Dogs with an Avian-Like H5N1 Canine Influenza Virus Infection.

Avian-like H5N1 canine influenza virus (CIV) causes severe respiratory infections in dogs. However, the mechanism underlying H5N1 CIV infection in dogs is unknown. The present study aimed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in the lungs and trachea in H5N1 CIV-infected dogs through a next-generation sequencing-based method.

High performance plasma amyloid-β biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease.

To facilitate clinical trials of disease-modifying therapies for Alzheimer's disease, which are expected to be most efficacious at the earliest and mildest stages of the disease, supportive biomarker information is necessary. The only validated methods for identifying amyloid-β deposition in the brain-the earliest pathological signature of Alzheimer's disease-are amyloid-β positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging or measurement of amyloid-β in cerebrospinal fluid. Therefore, a minimally invasive, cost-effective blood-based biomarker is desirable.

Identification and genetic characterization of hepacivirus and pegivirus in commercial equine serum products in China.

Equine hepacivirus (EqHV), equine pegivirus (EPgV) and Theiler's disease-associated virus (TDAV) are three novel equine viruses in the family Flaviviridae. EqHV and EPgV have been identified to circulate in the equine population worldwide, whereas TDAV has not been detected in equines since the first reported case. To date, no studies have focused on investigating EqHV, EPgV and TDAV in commercial equine sera or equine blood products in China.

Correction to: Molecular characterization of a genetically divergent equine pegivirus strain identified in China.

Unfortunately, the corresponding author name was incorrectly published in the original article and the same is corrected here. The original article was corrected.

Molecular characterization of a genetically divergent equine pegivirus strain identified in China.

Equine pegivirus (EPgV) is a newly discovered equine virus, which is taxonomically classified in the Pegivirus genus of the Flaviviridae family. Until now, only the complete genome sequence of the first reported EPgV strain, from the USA (strain name: C0035) is available on online databases. Considering this, horse serum samples were collected from horses in China and screened for EPgV RNA by RT-PCR.

Effects of Dog-Assisted Therapy on Communication and Basic Social Skills of Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: A Pilot Study.

Thirty-nine adults with severe to profound intellectual disability (ID) were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n = 21) or a control group (n = 18). Assessment was blinded and included selected items from the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), the Behavioral Assessment Battery (BAB), and the Learning Accomplishment Profile (LAP). The experimental group, who attended a dog-assisted treatment intervention over a 20-week period, showed significant improvements in several cognitive domains, including attention to movement (BAB-AM), visuomotor coordination (BAB-VM), exploratory play (BAB-EP), and motor imitation (BAB-CO-MI), as well as in some social skills, as measured by LAP items.

Novel Radiolabeled Bisphosphonates for PET Diagnosis and Endoradiotherapy of Bone Metastases.

Bone metastases, often a consequence of breast, prostate, and lung carcinomas, are characterized by an increased bone turnover, which can be visualized by positron emission tomography (PET), as well as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Bisphosphonate complexes of Tc are predominantly used as SPECT tracers. In contrast to SPECT, PET offers a higher spatial resolution and, owing to the Ge/Ga generator, an analog to the established Tc generator exists.

Age- and Brain Region-Specific Changes of Glucose Metabolic Disorder, Learning, and Memory Dysfunction in Early Alzheimer's Disease Assessed in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice Using F-FDG-PET.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of dementia worldwide, associated with cognitive deficits and brain glucose metabolic alteration. However, the associations of glucose metabolic changes with cognitive dysfunction are less detailed. Here, we examined the brains of APP/presenilin 1 (PS1) transgenic (Tg) mice aged 2, 3.

Influence of tumour size on the efficacy of targeted alpha therapy with (213)Bi-[DOTA(0),Tyr(3)]-octreotate.

Background: Targeted alpha therapy has been postulated to have great potential for the treatment of small clusters of tumour cells as well as small metastases. (213)Bismuth, an α-emitter with a half-life of 46 min, has shown to be effective in preclinical as well as in clinical applications. In this study, we evaluated whether (213)Bi-[DOTA(0), Tyr(3)]-octreotate ((213)Bi-DOTATATE), a (213)Bi-labelled somatostatin analogue with high affinity for somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2), is suitable for the treatment of larger neuroendocrine tumours overexpressing SSTR2 in comparison to its effectiveness for smaller tumours.