Microplastic sink that cannot be ignored in chemosynthetic organisms.

Marine microplastic (MP) pollution is a widespread concern; however, to date, MP pollution in chemoautotrophic ecosystems remains largely unknown. This study focuses on the cold seep in the South China Sea. Two dominant species, namely mussel (Gigantidas platifrons) and squat lobster (Shinkaia crosnieri), were collected for examining the MP pollution.

HPLC-MS-based untargeted metabolomic analysis of differential plasma metabolites and their associated metabolic pathways in reproductively anosmic black porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegelii.

Olfaction, a universal form of chemical communication, is a powerful channel for animals to obtain social and environmental cues. The mechanisms by which fish olfaction affects reproduction, breeding and disease control are not yet clear. To evaluate metabolites profiles, plasma from anosmic and control black porgy during reproduction was analyzed by non-targeted metabolomics using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis techniques, including principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis.

In Situ Continuous Measurement of Salinity in Estuarine and Coastal Sediments by All-Solid Potentiometric Sensors.

Salinity is crucial for understanding the environmental and ecological processes in estuarine and coastal sediments. In situ measurements in sediments are scarce due to the low water content and particulate adsorption. Here, a new potentiometric sensor principle is proposed for the real-time in situ measurement of salinity in sediments.

Differences of functionalized graphene materials on inducing chronic aquatic toxicity through the regulation of DNA damage, metabolism and oxidative stress in Daphnia magna.

Graphene can be modified with functional groups when released into the environment. However, very little is known about molecular mechanisms of chronic aquatic toxicity induced by graphene nanomaterials with different surface functional groups. By using RNA sequencing, we investigated the toxic mechanisms of unfunctionalized graphene (u-G), carboxylated graphene (G-COOH), aminated graphene (G-NH), hydroxylated graphene (G-OH) and thiolated graphene (G-SH) to Daphnia magna during 21-day exposure.

The joint effects of atmospheric dry and wet deposition on organic carbon cycling in a mariculture area in North China.

In this research, the atmospheric dry and wet deposition fluxes of particulate organic carbon (POC) over the coastal waters around the Yangma Island in North Yellow Sea were investigated. Combining the results of this research and previous reports about the wet deposition fluxes of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in precipitation (F) and dry deposition fluxes of water-dissolvable organic carbon in atmospheric total suspended particles (F) in this area, a synthetic assessment of the influence of atmospheric deposition on the eco-environment was conducted. It was found that the annual dry deposition flux of POC was 1097.

Diel variations in planktonic ciliate community structure in the northern South China Sea and tropical Western Pacific.

Though diel variations are geographically widespread phenomena among phytoplankton and zooplankton, knowledge is limited regarding diel variations in planktonic ciliate (microzooplankton) community structure. In this study, we analyzed diel variations in community structure of planktonic ciliates in the northern South China Sea (nSCS) and tropical Western Pacific (tWP). Hydrological characteristics during day and night were slightly different over both the nSCS and tWP, while ciliate average abundance at night was clearly higher than in the day in the upper 200 m.

A self-attention-based neural network for three-dimensional multivariate modeling and its skillful ENSO predictions.

Large biases and uncertainties remain in real-time predictions of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) using process-based dynamical models; recent advances in data-driven deep learning algorithms provide a promising mean to achieve superior skill in the tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) modeling. Here, a specific self-attention-based neural network model is developed for ENSO predictions based on the much sought-after Transformer model, named 3D-Geoformer, which is used to predict three-dimensional (3D) upper-ocean temperature anomalies and wind stress anomalies. This purely data-driven and time-space attention-enhanced model achieves surprisingly high correlation skills for Niño 3.

Antimicrobial polyketides and sesquiterpene lactones from the deep-sea cold-seep-derived fungus CS-113 triggered by the histone deacetylase inhibitor SAHA.

Seven new highly oxygenated natural products with diverse chemical structural types, including three new glucosidic polyketides, talaminiosides A-C (1-3), a pair of racemic aromatic polyketides, (±)-talaminone A (4a and 4b), two new azaphilone polyketides, (+)-5-chloromitorubrinic acid (5) and 7--purpurquinone C (7), and one new drimane sesquiterpene lactone, 11-hydroxyminioluteumide B (8), together with a pinazaphilone B sodium salt (6) and 10 known compounds (9-18), were isolated and identified from the culture extract of CS-113, a fungus obtained from deep-sea cold-seep sediments collected from the South China Sea. LCMS results indicated that compounds 3 and 4 might be produced by the real activation of silent BGCs triggered by the histone deacetylase inhibitor SAHA, and some of the other compounds were enhanced minor components. Their structures were elucidated by the detailed interpretation of NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric data, X-ray crystallographic analysis, ECD and specific rotation (SR) calculations, and DP4+ probability analysis.

Inhibitory activity of a sulfated oligo-porphyran from Pyropia yezoensis against SARS-CoV-2.

COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has spread around the world at an unprecedented rate. A more homogeneous oligo-porphyran with mean molecular weight of 2.1 kD, named OP145, was separated from Pyropia yezoensis.

New Polyketide and Sesquiterpenoid Derivatives from the Magellan Seamount-Derived Fungus Penicillium rubens AS-130.

Rubenpolyketone A (1), a polyketide featuring a new carbon skeleton having cyclohexenone condensed with a methyl octenone chain and a new linear sesquiterpenoid, chermesiterpenoid D (2), together with seven known secondary metabolites (3-9) were isolated and identified from the Magellan Seamount-derived fungus Penicillium rubens AS-130. Their structures were determined based on detailed analysis of NMR and mass spectroscopic data and the absolute configurations of these two new compounds were elucidated by the combination of quantum mechanical (QM)-NMR and time-dependent density functional (TDDFT) ECD calculation approaches. Chermesiterpenoids B (3) and C (4) showed potent inhibitory activities against the aquatic pathogen Vibrio anguillarum with MIC values of 0.

Effect of Kisspeptin-Type Neuropeptide on Locomotor Behavior and Muscle Physiology in the Sea Cucumber .

Kisspeptins are neuropeptides encoded by the gene, and little is known about them outside the vertebrate lineage. Two kisspeptin-type neuropeptides (KPs) have been discovered in (AjK1 and AjK2), an edible sea cucumber, and have been linked to reproductive and metabolic regulation. In this study, we evaluated how KPs affected locomotor behavior in one control group and two treatment groups (AjK1 and AjK2).

Progress in semiconductor materials for photocathodic protection: Design strategies and applications in marine corrosion protection.

Metal protection of offshore equipment is very complicated owing to the complex marine environment. Photocathodic protection (PCP) is one of the popular research topics in marine metal protection. The protection efficiency of photoanode depends largely on the photoelectric properties of semiconductor materials, viz.

Crustin Defense against Infection by Regulating Intestinal Microbial Balance in .

Crustins are a kind of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) that exist in crustaceans. Some crustins do not have direct antimicrobial activity but exhibit in vivo defense functions against . However, the underlying molecular mechanism is not clear.

Degradation of paralytic shellfish toxins during flocculation of Alexandrium pacificum by an oxidized modified clay: A laboratory experiment.

Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs), produced by Alexandrium pacificum in the marine environment, are a group of potent neurotoxins which specifically block voltage-gated sodium channels in excitable cells. During the toxigenic A. pacificum blooms outbreaks, PSTs can be accumulated through the food chain and finally enter the human body, posing a significant threat to human health and safety.

Size-controllable colloidal Ag nano-aggregates with long-time SERS detection window for on-line high-throughput detection.

Making metal nanoparticle aggregates is a common way to improve surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enhancement via the formation of hot spots between nanoparticles. Here, we propose a "freeze-thaw-ultrasonication" method to obtain stable colloidal Ag nano-aggregates (AgNAs) with controllable sizes, which can remain stable for a few days. Compared with other method using aggregation reagents (e.

Full-depth vertical distribution of planktonic ciliates (Ciliophora) and a novel bio-index for indicating habitat suitability of tintinnid in the Arctic Ocean.

Despite the planktonic ciliate importance in the microzooplankton compartment, their full-depth vertical distribution in the Arctic Ocean was poorly documented as well as the related variations in different water masses. The full-depth community structure of planktonic ciliates was investigated in the Arctic Ocean during summer 2021. The ciliate abundance and biomass decreased rapidly from 200 m to bottom.

Adaptive divergence and underlying mechanisms in response to salinity gradients between two oysters revealed by phenotypic and transcriptomic analyses.

Comparing the responses of closely related species to environmental changes is an efficient method to explore adaptive divergence, for a better understanding of the adaptive evolution of marine species under rapidly changing climates. Oysters are keystone species thrive in intertidal and estuarine areas where frequent environmental disturbance occurs including fluctuant salinity. The evolutionary divergence of two sister species of sympatric estuarine oysters, and , in response to euryhaline habitats on phenotypes and gene expression, and the relative contribution of species effect, environment effect, and their interaction to the divergence were explored.

Toxicological mechanism of cadmium in the clam Ruditapes philippinarum using combined ionomic, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses.

Cadmium (Cd) contamination in marine environment poses great risks to the organisms due to its potential adverse effects. In the present study, the toxicological effects and mechanisms of Cd at environmentally relevant concentrations (5 and 50 μg/L) on clam Ruditapes philippinarum after 21 days were investigated by combined ionomic, metabolomic, and transcriptomic analyses. Results showed that the uptake of Cd significantly decreased the concentrations of Cu, Zn, Sr, Se, and Mo in the whole soft tissue from 50 μg/L Cd-treated clams.

Characterization of a Marine Diatom Chitin Synthase Using a Combination of Meta-Omics, Genomics, and Heterologous Expression Approaches.

β-Chitin has important ecological and physiological roles and potential for widespread applications, but the characterization of chitin-related enzymes from β-chitin producers was rarely reported. Querying against the Oceans Gene Atlas, 4,939 chitin-related unique sequences from 12 Pfam accessions were found in Bacillariophyta metatranscriptomes. Putative chitin synthase (CHS) sequences are decreasingly present in Crustacea (39%), Stramenopiles (16%) and Insecta (14%) from the Marine Atlas of Oceans Unigenes version 1 Metatranscriptomes (MATOUv1+T) database.

N-Doped Carbon/CeO Composite as a Biomimetic Catalyst for Antibacterial Application.

Exploring new and high efficiency mimic enzymes is a vital and novel strategy for antibacterial application. Haloperoxidase-like enzymes have attracted wide attention thanks to their amazing catalytic property for hypohalous acid generation from hydrogen peroxide and halides. However, few materials have displayed halogenating catalytic performance until now.

Characterization of oxidative damage induced by nanoparticles via mechanism-driven machine learning approaches.

The wide application of TiO-based engineered nanoparticles (nTiO) inevitably led to release into aquatic ecosystems. Importantly, increasing studies have emphasized the high risks of nTiO to coastal environments. Bivalves, the representative benthic filter feeders in coastal zones, acted as important roles to assess and monitor the toxic effects of nanoparticles.

Transgenerational effects of intertidal environment on physiological phenotypes and DNA methylation in Pacific oysters.

Climate change and intensifying human activity are posing serious threats to marine organisms. The fluctuating intertidal zone forms a miniature ecosystem of a rapidly changing environment for studying biological adaptation. Transgenerational plasticity (TGP), an evolutionary phenomenon in which parental experience influences offspring phenotypes, provides an avenue for adaptation, but the molecular mechanism was poorly understood in marine molluscs.

The synthesis of an acrylamide copolymer and its synergistic effects on clay flocculation of red tide organisms.

The modified clay (MC) method is a common emergency treatment technology for red tides, and the selection of surface modifiers is the key to the MC technology. A cationic polymeric modifier, the copolymer of dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride and acrylamide (P (DMDAAC-co-AM), PDA) was optimized via a visible-light-induced polymerization technique. The PDA-modified clay (PDAMC) was prepared with strong salt tolerance and achieved efficiencies of 86% at the concentration of 50 mg L, and the dose was 90% lower than that of aluminum polychloride-modified clay (PACMC).

Effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on EH40 steel corrosion in the simulated tidal zone.

Corrosion of metals in the tidal zone shortens the service life of facilities considerably and causes extensive economic losses each year. However, the contribution of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) to this progress is usually ignored, and consequently the research on the mechanism of MIC in the tidal zone is highly desirable. In this study, the impact of the typical marine strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa on EH40 steel corrosion in the simulated tidal zone was evaluated.

First records of three species (Crustacea, Decapoda, Nematocarcinidae) in the deep-waters of the north-western Pacific.

Background: During two scientific expeditions in the South China Sea and the Kyushu-Palau Ridge area, several specimens of thread-leg shrimp were collected from deep waters. Amongst them, three species, Burukovsky, 2000, (Spence Bate, 1888) and Burukovsky, 2003 were newly recorded from the north-western Pacific. The morphological features of these specimens are in concordance with the original description.