The text discusses three economic evaluation methods—cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA), fiscal health modeling (FHM), and constrained optimization (CO)—that are pertinent for decision-makers evaluating vaccination programs.
It highlights findings from 8 countries where these methods were applied to assess vaccines for infections like influenza and malaria, focusing on different target audiences like health system officials and government budget planners.
Ultimately, it concludes that while CEA is crucial for efficiency insights, FHM emphasizes public spending impacts, and CO aids in selecting the best prevention strategies within given constraints.