Multi-Organ Increase in Norepinephrine Levels after Central Leptin Administration and Diet-Induced Obesity.

Autonomic innervation is important to regulate homeostasis in every organ of the body. The sympathetic nervous system controls several organs associated with metabolism and reproduction, including adipose tissue, the liver, and the ovaries. The sympathetic nervous system is controlled within the central nervous system by neurons located in the hypothalamus, which in turn are regulated by hormones like leptin.

Participation of leukaemia inhibitory factor in follicular development and steroidogenesis in rat ovaries.

Leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a cytokine belonging to the interleukin-6 family that is important at the reproductive level in the uterine implantation process. However, there is very little evidence regarding its effect at the ovarian level. The aim of this work was to study the local involvement of the LIF/LIFRβ system in follicular development and steroidogenesis in rat ovaries.

Huperzine-A administration recovers rat ovary function after sympathetic stress.

Chronic cold stress affects ovarian morphology and impairs fertility in rats. It causes an ovarian polycystic ovary (PCOS)-like phenotype, which resembles PCOS in women. The mechanism of cold stress action involves increased ovarian noradrenaline (NA) levels, which remain elevated after cessation of cold stress.

Role of ovarian sympathetic nerves and cholinergic local system during cold stress.

An increase in the sympathetic tone in the rat ovary induces a polycystic ovary (PCOS-like) phenotype. No information exists about its impact on fertility. In contrast, increased follicular development and improved fertility in rats were found after pharmacological inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, which increased intraovarian acetylcholine (ACh).

Role of RFRP-3 in the development of cold stress-induced polycystic ovary phenotype in rats.

RFamide-related peptide (RFRP-3) is a regulator of GnRH secretion from the brain, but it can also act in human ovary to influence steroidogenesis. We aimed to study the putative local role of RFRP-3 in the ovary and its potential participation in the development of a polycystic ovary phenotype induced by chronic sympathetic stress (cold stress). We used adult Sprague–Dawley rats divided into control and stressed groups.